Unveiling of the in vitro Effects of Gefitinib and Paclitaxel Loaded Cockle Shells-derived CaCO3 Nanoparticles on Breast Cancer Cell Lines | Book Publisher International

This book introduces the readers to the newly synthesized Gefitinib (GEF) and Paclitaxel (PTXL) drug-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CSC_aCO₃NP) utilizing the blood cockle shell (Anadara granosa) waste, resulting in GEF-CSC_aCO₃NP, PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP, and dual drug-loaded GEF-PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP. This book focuses on revealing the biological characterization of the nanoparticles in breast cancer cell lines: MCF-7, an ER+ cell line, and SK-BR-3, an EGFR+ cell line. The books also throw light on how these nanoparticles behave with Human Mammary Epithelial cells (HMEC) and how these nanoparticles are non-toxic. The relationship between the drugs determined using XTT and Resazurin reduction assay, showed synergism. Colonigenic assays against MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cell lines resulted in 0% colonies after treatment with PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP, and GEF-PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP, whereas at IC₅₀ concentrations, GEF-CSC_aCO₃NP treated group had persisting colonies. MCF-7 uptake of the FITC-tagged CSC_aCO₃NP was studied. Electron microscopic examinations showed that the MCF-7 cells had undergone apoptotic changes and showed characteristic changes like autophagosomes and thicker microfilament bundles, respectively, for GEF-CSC_aCO₃NP and PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP treatments, which were concurrent with the beta-tubulin stabilization in MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells, detected using immunofluorescence. Final investigations revealed that GEF-PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP was very effective in up-regulating the apoptotic markers Caspase-3 and BAX in the MCF-7 cell line. GEF-PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP against MCF-7 showed synergistic inhibition of EGFR2 at Y1248, similar to EGFR at Y1173. In contrast, only the pure drug GEF had lower levels of p-Tyr1068 of EGFR, whereas the drug-loaded nanoparticles had lower inhibition of phosphorylation. In conclusion, the properties of GEF-CSC_aCO₃NP, PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP, and GEF-PTXL-CS C_aCO₃NP prove that they deliver the payload, and GEF-PTXL-CSC_aCO₃NP has a high potential, possessing synergistic characteristics that will be a boost in certain breast cancer management. This book contains valuable information on cutting-edge research on nanomaterials and will be suitable for students, researchers, and academicians.

 

Author (s) Details

Chemmalar. S

Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary College and Research Institute (VC&RI), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Theni – 625 534, India.

 

Md Zuki bin Abu Bakar @ Zakaria
Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 434000 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48388-98-8