Oncolytic viruses have been extensively studied for decades. Until today, several oncolytic viruses were examined for their anti-cancer effect both as monotherapy as well as in combinations. In this chapter, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), which is a major avian pathogen that causes minimal to no symptoms in humans, was discussed. The virus shows an extremely high safety profile as well as potential efficacy in treating various lymphomas and solid tumors, including metastasis. This was shown in several cancerous indications with extensive both preclinical as well as clinical trials.
The book chapter discusses the use of different NDV strains as
well as the development of an ex-vivo model using fresh human cancerous
tissues, which optimizes treatment parameters for clinical trials. This model
aims to better understand NDV's tissue tropism, infection mechanisms, and
innate immune responses in human cancers compared to other traditional
preclinical models. The use of this model also allows even to compare different
viruses for different cancer tissues in order to choose the most efficient virus
for specific cancers and even specific patients.
In addition, advances in genetic engineering and combination
therapies with NDV have shown promising results in enhancing its safety,
efficacy, and anti-tumor immune responses, emphasizing its importance as a
potential cancer treatment.
NDV showed highly efficient capabilities to serve as an
anti-cancer vehicle, both as monotherapy as well as in combinations. Yet
additional preclinical as well as clinical trials are important for applying
the best outcome for different cancer indications in choosing the right
modality for using NDV.
Author
(s) Details
Shay Tayeb
Department of Biotechnology, Jerusalem Multidisciplinary College, 9101001,
Jerusalem, Israel.
Amos Panet
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Chanock Center for
Virology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120,
Jerusalem, Israel.
Zichria Zakay-Rones
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Chanock Center for
Virology, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120,
Jerusalem, Israel.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v11/4327
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