This review focuses on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the
cardiovascular system. We reviewed the evidence and mechanisms of different
cellular injuries in myocardial tissues and the clinical manifestations of
cardiovascular involvement and discussed issues related to myocardial injury in
the recovery stage and after vaccination. The emergence of coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) has overwhelmed the medical systems of several countries and
posed unprecedented challenges to the mankind. Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), quickly spread worldwide and led to over 581 million confirmed
cases and over 6 million deaths as 1 August 2022. The binding of the viral
surface spike protein to the human angiotensin- converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
receptor is the primary mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Not only highly
expressed in the lung, ACE2 is also widely distributed in the heart, mainly in
cardiomyocytes and pericytes. The strong association between COVID-19 and
cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been demonstrated by increased clinical
evidence. Preexisting CVD risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, and
diabetes etc., increase susceptibility to COVID-19. In turn, COVID-19
exacerbates the progression of CVD, including myocardial damage, arrhythmia,
acute myocarditis, heart failure, and thromboembolism. Moreover, cardiovascular
risks post recovery and the vaccination-associated cardiovascular problems have
become increasingly evident. To demonstrate the association between COVID-19
and CVD, this review detailly illustrated the impact of COVID-19 on different
cells (cardiomyocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts) in
myocardial tissue and provides an overview of the clinical manifestations of
cardiovascular involvements in the pandemic. Finally, the issues related to
myocardial injury post recovery, as well as vaccination-induced CVD, has also
been emphasized. Vaccine development and ongoing research on SARS-CoV-2
reflects the tireless efforts of the scientific community, healthcare workers,
and government agencies. The lessons learned from our response to COVID-19 will
hopefully prepare us for future pandemics.
Author(s) Details:
Hongyang Shu,
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji
Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and
Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Zheng
Wen,
Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and
Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic
Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Na Li,
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji
Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and
Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Zixuan Zhang,
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
430000, China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of
Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
430000, China.
Bala Musa Ceesay,
Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and
Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic
Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Yizhong
Peng,
Department
of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of
Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Ning Zhou,
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji
Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and
Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Dao Wen Wang,
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Tongji
Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430000, China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and
Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V9/article/view/13623
No comments:
Post a Comment