In a number of concentrations, formaldehyde
(FA) is toxic. FA can react with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that are
cellular components, even at lower concentrations. By harming parenchyma and
degradation of functions, FA causes cellular toxic effects in the liver, lungs,
kidney and brain. This research was performed to examine serum biochemical
changes and the cytotoxic effects of FA toxicity in Swiss albino mice on the
liver, lungs, kidneys and brain. To this end, mice were divided into four
similar classes, i.e. Regulation, inhalation, intraperitoneal and oral. The
exposure groups were further divided into three subgroups that were exposed to
FAda daily for 30 days in the case of inhalation and oral groups and 10 days in
the case of acute toxic effects in the intraperitoneal group. Samples of blood
and tissue were obtained after exposure and examined for biochemical and
morphological studies. Following FA exposure, serum biochemical parameters such
as Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) were
significantly increased (P ⁇ 0.05) in mice.
Gross morphological changes, i.e. congestion and petechial haemorrhages of the
liver, were revealed in the anatomical findings. The research revealed gross
irregularities in the lungs, i.e. congestion. But in the kidney and brain, no
gross abnormal features were found. Histologically, the liver displayed
distributed lymphocytic infiltration, sinusoid dilatation, necrosis and
parenchymal cell degeneration in orally exposed mice (10 mg/kg) and diffuse lymphocytic
infiltration, and necrosis was seen in 7 and 10 mg/kg body weight in
intraperitoneally FA injected mice. Lung tissue showed haemorrhages in the 5
ppm inhaled community treated. In all intraperitoneally exposed groups, Kidney
showed reduced Bowman's space in 10 mg/kg treated oral group and congestion,
tubular necrosis, increased Bowman's space. In the inhaled groups, brain tissue
showed that degenerating neurons with either pycnotic or karyorrhectic nuclei
were steadily increased in the highest concentration group. All these results
showed that, in a dose-related way, FA has annoying toxic effects on mice.
Author(s) Details
Marya Afrin
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty
of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh,
Bangladesh.
Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty
of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh,
Bangladesh.
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