Screening of Analgesic Activity of Balanites roxburghii | Chapter 03 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 3

 At doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, the analgesic efficacy of fractions and aqueous residual of pericarpium methanolic extract of Balanites roxburghi will be evaluated. The fruit of the allied species Balanites aegyptiaca is used as an analgesic in Ayurvedic medicine. Pain is a common occurrence in all species, at least in vertebral animals, and it is similar to the sensations experienced by humans. The therapeutic effects of analgesics in animals are analogous to those in humans. For a long time, tribal people have relied on the aqueous juice of B. roxburghii's pericarpium to relieve pain. Mice were utilised as test animals, and test medications were given to them orally. The hot plate, tail flick, and acetic acid induced writhing procedures were used to investigate analgesic effectiveness. In all of the tests, the butanolic fraction showed promising results. At a dose of 100 mg/kg, the butanolic fraction had a greater analgesic effect than the same fraction at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The dichloromethane fraction and aqueous residual have little analgesic efficacy. The findings show that the pericarpium of B. roxburghii may have analgesic properties.

Author(S) Details

Thirupathi Kaluvala
University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telanagana, India.

Kranthi Raju Palle
University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telanagana, India.

Shravan Kumar Dholi
Vaageswari Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telanagana, India.

Sridhar Vanga
Vaageswari Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karimnagar, Telanagana, India.

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Effects of Formaldehyde on Swiss Albino Mice | Chapter 3 | Current Research in Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Vol. 2

 In a number of concentrations, formaldehyde (FA) is toxic. FA can react with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that are cellular components, even at lower concentrations. By harming parenchyma and degradation of functions, FA causes cellular toxic effects in the liver, lungs, kidney and brain. This research was performed to examine serum biochemical changes and the cytotoxic effects of FA toxicity in Swiss albino mice on the liver, lungs, kidneys and brain. To this end, mice were divided into four similar classes, i.e. Regulation, inhalation, intraperitoneal and oral. The exposure groups were further divided into three subgroups that were exposed to FAda daily for 30 days in the case of inhalation and oral groups and 10 days in the case of acute toxic effects in the intraperitoneal group. Samples of blood and tissue were obtained after exposure and examined for biochemical and morphological studies. Following FA exposure, serum biochemical parameters such as Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) were significantly increased (P ⁇ 0.05) in mice. Gross morphological changes, i.e. congestion and petechial haemorrhages of the liver, were revealed in the anatomical findings. The research revealed gross irregularities in the lungs, i.e. congestion. But in the kidney and brain, no gross abnormal features were found. Histologically, the liver displayed distributed lymphocytic infiltration, sinusoid dilatation, necrosis and parenchymal cell degeneration in orally exposed mice (10 mg/kg) and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration, and necrosis was seen in 7 and 10 mg/kg body weight in intraperitoneally FA injected mice. Lung tissue showed haemorrhages in the 5 ppm inhaled community treated. In all intraperitoneally exposed groups, Kidney showed reduced Bowman's space in 10 mg/kg treated oral group and congestion, tubular necrosis, increased Bowman's space. In the inhaled groups, brain tissue showed that degenerating neurons with either pycnotic or karyorrhectic nuclei were steadily increased in the highest concentration group. All these results showed that, in a dose-related way, FA has annoying toxic effects on mice.

Author(s) Details

Marya Afrin
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

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