Extraction and Isolation of Natural Products | Chapter 4 | Natural Products Chemistry: From Discovery to Applications, Edition 1

Exploration and separation are crucial steps in the extraction of bioactive chemicals from natural sources, including plants, microorganisms, and marine life. This procedure involves the isolation of the target chemicals using techniques such as solvent extraction, distillation, and chromatography. The parameters involved in the extraction process include the selection of the solvent, temperature, and pH level. Therapeutic indices, thermal properties, unique biochemical reactivity, crystallization, filtration, and intricate chromatographic procedures contribute to the preservation of the purity of isolated substances. This abstract emphasizes the optimization of these technologies to maximize yield, purity, and bioactivity, which are crucial for future pharmaceutical and commercial applications.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sarika Arora
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad-244102, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48388-70-4/CH4

Determining the Effect of Extraction Method on Chemical Composition of Lamium amplexicaule L. | Chapter 6 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 5

 The aim concerning this study was the investigation of the applicable method for the distillation of phenolic compounds from Lamium amplexicaule -plant of the Lamiaceae kin, widespread in Algeria and North Africa. The usually on insects or electronics parts of the plant were collected all along Mars 2018 from Djemila Wilaya of Setif (Algeria). Ethanolic extracts were obtained by process to make softer and Soxhlet apparatus. Phytochemical arrangement was determined by liquid chromatography bulk spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) plan. Results demonstrate that the big compound in both extracts was chlorogenic acid. However, 18 compounds were recognized in the extract obtained by Soxhlet and 17 on account of obtained by process to make softer. These constituents were restricted, and the Soxhlet extract had greater concentrations than the maceration extract acted. It follows that the Soxhlet extraction is outside limits the maceration ancestry for L. amplexicaule. Further studies are necessary to recognize the biological parts of individual compounds of extracts and different biological possessions of this plant.

Author(s) Details:

Siham Ferdjioui,
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, 19000, Setif, Algeria.

Rachid Belhattab,
Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1, 19000, Setif, Algeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V5/article/view/9797

Application of Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction Method for Extraction of 6-Gingerol in Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum | Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 6

 Gingerol is a compound found in red ginger that is used in medicine as an analgesic. Soxhlet extraction is a popular method for isolating gingerols, but it has its drawbacks. It requires a long process with unsatisfactory results. This study aimed to study the effect of ultrasonic frequency on increasing gingerol yield in the extraction process itself. Extraction times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes were examined as variables. Moreover, ultrasonic effects were observed at ultrasonic frequency variations of 40 and 50 kHz compared to the solvent extraction method. In this study, we used 70% (v/v) ethanol as the solvent and an operating temperature of 50 °C as a fixed variable. Additionally, a rotary vacuum evaporator was used at a pressure of 350 mmHg to separate the resulting gingerol extract. To determine total gingerol extractables, qualitative samples were analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and quantitative samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), brand Waters Alliance e2695. Analyzed using with X-Terra. RP18 column 100 x 4.6 mm, 5 µm. The results show that the ultrasonic power had a significant effect on the results obtained, with the highest recovery of 24.71% at an ultrasonic frequency of 50 kHz and an extraction time of 120 minutes.

Author(s) Details:

Herliati Rahman,
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Satrio Nur Prambudi,
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Wahyu Endranaka,
Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V6/article/view/8416

Screening of Punica granatum Seeds for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity with Various Extracts: A Brief Analytical Study | Chapter 9 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 8

 Punica granatum thrives in climates with long, hot, dry summers (90°F) and milder winters. The genus name is derived from the Latin name Punicum malum. A 100-g serving of pomegranate seeds contains 12% of the Daily Value (DV) for vitamin C, 16% of the DV for vitamin K, and 10% of the DV for folate. Pomegranate seeds are high in dietary fiber (20% DV), which is completely contained in the edible seeds. People who choose to throw away the seeds miss out on the nutritional benefits provided by seed fiber and micronutrients [1]. The most abundant phytochemicals in pomegranate are the hydrolyzable tannins known as ellagitannins, which are formed when ellagic acid and/or gallic acid bind with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate ellagitannins [2,3], also known as punicalagins Anthocyanins are responsible for the red color of juice. Generally, as fruit ripens, the pigmentation of the juice increases [4]. Processing and pasteurization techniques reduce the phenolic content of pomegranate juice [5]. The antimicrobial activity of the various extracts (maceration with ethanol and hexane separately, and soxhlet with ethanol) was investigated (using agar well diffusion method). Positive controls included penicillin and ampicillin. Ethanol soxhlet extracts inhibited the growth of all seven strains of bacteria, resulting in the detection of a zone of inhibition. Ethanol maceration extract only had antimicrobial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas hexane extract did not. Using the equations obtained from the graphs, the IC50, or half maximal (50 percent ) inhibitory concentration for Punica granatum seed extracts, was calculated. The DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to determine antioxidant activity. In this study, the half maximal (50 percent) inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined. Ethanol soxhlet (ES) extract had the lowest IC50 value (1350.27 g/mL), hexane extract (HM) had the highest IC50 value (3005.66 g/mL), and ethanol maceration extract (EM) had the lowest. (4852.26 g/mL) value The following objectives were devised to achieve the goals: Authentication of plant material The antimicrobial potential and antioxidant activity of Punica granatum seed extracts were evaluated.

Author(s) Details

Naeem Hasan Khan
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

Adriana Lee Tze Ying
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

Candy Goo Zhi Tian
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

Ooi Wei Yi
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

Shantini Vijayabalan
Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Malaysia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V8/article/view/1876