Handmade Double-Sided Toggle Pin Technique for Repairing Coxofemoral Luxation in a Dysplastic Golden Retriever | Chapter 7 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 11

A two-year Male, 27.5 kg Golden Retriever was presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology at Veterinary College Hassan after being caught in a neck chain, resulting in limping in the left hindlimb. On physical examination, shortening of the left hindlimb along with swelling and pain on palpation of the left hip joint, was observed. Orthopaedic and radiographic exams confirmed cranio-dorsal coxofemoral luxation in the left hindlimb, accompanied by bilateral hip dysplasia. Under general anaesthesia, the coxofemoral luxation was corrected via a cranio-dorsal approach using handmade toggle pins (1.5 mm K-wire) and nylon thread (1 mm diameter). Post-operative radiographs confirmed proper alignment and anatomical configuration of the coxofemoral joint with toggle pins securely in position. Post-operatively, a pelvic bandage and Robert Jones bandage were applied to the operated left hindlimb. The dog was treated with Cefpodoxime proxetil (10 mg/kg), Tramadol (2 mg/kg) and Deep TBR tablets for five days, along with FlexiRun tablets and restricted activity with short leash walks. The dog began using the affected limb on the second post-operative day, showing slight lameness initially, but was walking without lameness by the 45th post-operative day. The animal recovered uneventfully with good weight-bearing capability. In conclusion, the double-sided modified toggle pin technique using handmade toggle pins proved to be an economical and practical method for repairing coxofemoral luxation, offering good clinical outcomes with rapid recovery.

 

Author (s) Details

Kanteshkumar Mahadev Jekinakatti
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Veterinary College, Hassan-573202, KVAFSU, Bidar, India.

 

Sannathkumar Mahadev Jekinakatti
Department of Studies in Commerce, Davangere University, Davangere-577007, India.

 

Umapati N
Department of Public Health & Epidemiology, Veterinary College, Shivamogga-577204, KVAFSU, Bidar, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v11/4842

 

Insights into Oral Lesions Epidemiology and Risk Factors in North India: Findings from a Comprehensive Hospital-Based Investigation | Chapter 3 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 3

 Aim: The present study was conducted to understand the clinical profile of individuals with oral precancerous lesions or oral cancer, estimate the relative prevalence of these disorders, and test the hypothesis that chewing tobacco/pan masala is a risk factor for them.

 

Background:  One of the most prevalent and deadly illnesses is oral cancer throughout the world. There are various obstacles that developing nations must overcome in order to locate and eliminate possible danger factors. Oral cancer and precancerous lesions are thought to be most strongly associated with tobacco chewing/pan masala.

 

Methodology: A hospital-based study was conducted and 471 subjects were recruited in the study. The subjects comprised patients with squamous cell carcinoma (n = 85), oral submucous fibrosis (n = 240), leukoplakia (n = 32), lichen planus (n = 15), and controls (n = 99). Statistical analysis of the data was done using Chi-square and regression analysis.

 

Results: A strong correlation was observed between the presence of the chewing habit in all the oral precancerous lesions and oral cancer. Duration of the habit and intensity of habit were also strongly correlated with the risk of oral precancerous lesions and oral cancer. Other factors such as alcohol and smoking were found to be less important in concern with oral cancer and precancerous lesions.

 

Conclusion: The Indian subcontinent bears one-third of the global burden. Annually, about 800,000 deaths in India result directly from tobacco-related cancers. Cancers of the oral cavity hold a critical position in healthcare systems due to the potential for early detection, which is both theoretically feasible and highly beneficial in practice. Early detection typically correlates with a significant reduction in the risk of disfigurement, recurrence, and mortality.

Author(s) Details:

Sharon John,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King Georges Medical University, India.

Priya Devi,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King Georges Medical University, India.

Shalini Gupta,
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King Georges Medical University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V3/article/view/13950

Pure Hair Nail Ectodermal Dysplasia in Two Yemeni Siblings | Chapter 2 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 4

We report two cases of PHNED in a 15 years old Yemeni boy, and his 2 months old sister, who were born with total absence of hairs and dystrophic 20 nails. Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are a rare group of genodermatoses affecting tissues of ectodermal origin namely: hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. Pure hair, nail ectodermal dysplasias (PHNED) are very rare, and involve only hair and nails, while other ectodermal structures are intact. To date only 68 (35 male, 33 female) cases have been reported in the world literature [Table 1].  A genetic analysis would be of great help to determine the causative mutation in our case, but unfortunately this sophisticated tool is not available in most of the developing countries. We hope that a genetic analysis could be available in near future in all developing countries, as this will help confirming the genetic mutation causing all cases of PHNED as well as other forms of ED.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Ali Alshami,
Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen.

Mona Jameel Mohana,
Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen.

Ahlam Mohammad Alshami,
Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V4/article/view/13172

Extensive Icthyosis Uteri with in situ Carcinoma| Chapter 4 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 A excellent disorder known as icthyosis uteri causes the endometrium's whole surface expected replaced accompanying stratified squamous epithelium. Due to allure rarity, two cases of icthyosis uteri have been stated. The first case was a 70-period-old woman the one had lower abdominal pain and silvery PV (per vaginal) discharge for three months prior. The second case contained a 70-year-great hindrance who had been experience breathlessness and PV (per vaginal) spotting for a period.  In the first case, a gross test of the uterine cavity told an uneven and coarse endometrial surface, but in the second case, the endometrium was atrophic. In both cases, endometrial glands were entirely replaced by stratified squamous epithelium accompanying in situ malignant growth or severe dysplasia, in accordance with endometrium microscopy.  Cervix in both the cases demonstrated severe dysplasia or CIN (cervical following a time epithelial neoplasia) III.

Author(s) Details:

Jyoti Kiran Kudrimoti,
Department of Pathology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India.

Almas Sahir Chopdar,
Department of Pathology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India.

Shaila Chandrakant Puranik,
Department of Pathology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V6/article/view/8611

Sporadic Fundic Gland Polyps with Dysplasia or Carcinoma: A Literature Review | Chapter 03 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 Except in the case of familial adenomatous polyposis, fundic gland polyps (FGPs) are the most common stomach polyps and have long been regarded to be benign lesions with low malignant potential. FGPs, on the other hand, have become more common in recent years, coinciding with the extensive and regular use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). So far, only a few cases of spontaneous FGPs with dysplasia or cancer (FGPD/CAs) have been reported. The goal of this research was to assess the clinical and endoscopic features of sporadic FGPD/CAs and propose a sporadic FGP therapy plan. The majority of patients with sporadic FGPD/CAs were middle-aged women who were not infected with Helicobacter pylori and were using PPIs (H. pylori). The majority of sporadic FGPD/CAs were sessile and small, with a mean size of only a few millimetres. The tumour was 5.4 mm in diameter and was found in the stomach body. During magnification narrow-band imaging, the sporadic FGPs with malignancy revealed redness, abnormal surface structure, depression, or erosion, and irregular microvessels on the lesion surface. Furthermore, sporadic FGPs are likely to progress slowly to malignancy, even if they have dysplasia. As a result, people with occasional FGPs don't need to go to the doctor as often. Histological study is essential whenever endoscopic findings different than traditional FGPs are discovered, regardless of their size. Because of the widespread and frequent use of PPIs and the decreasing H. pylori infection rate, the prevalence of FGPs is expected to grow in the future. It's unclear whether FGPD/CAs will rise at the same rate as FGPs. Nevertheless, the patterns of these lesions point to the need for greater research in the future.

Author(S) Details

Davis Kizhakkepeedika Rennis
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Easwaramangalath Venugopal Krishnakumar
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V9/article/view/6896

Cervical Dysplasias and Cervical Cancers | Chapter 1 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 12

 Cervical cancer is the second most frequent gynaecological malignancy in Cameroon, and it is the major cause of cancer mortality among women. Gender and educational level have a big impact on cervical cancer screening knowledge and attitudes. The goal of this study was to find out how well male and female university students knew about cervical cancer and how they felt about Pap smear screening. This was a 416-student cross-sectional research conducted from February to May 2017 among students at the University of Buea in Cameroon. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data, and Epi-Info version 7 was used to analyse it. Pvalue 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. The participants' average age was 22.08 (4.03) years. Cervical cancer was mentioned by up to 82.2 percent of the participants. Only 25.2 percent of the participants said they knew “a lot” about cervical cancer. There was no statistically significant difference in general knowledge across genders (P=0.81), however there was a statistically significant link between having “good” knowledge and being a health science student (P0.001). More than half of the students were unaware that having several sexual partners was a risk factor for cervical cancer, and more than half were unaware that early sexual intercourse, smoking, family history, and multiple deliveries were all risk factors. A Pap smear was performed on only 4.8 percent of female pupils. The low uptake was linked to a number of factors, including the cost of screening, a lack of knowledge about screening programmes, fear, and the idea that pap smear screening is uncomfortable. To summarise, university students' understanding of cervical cancer was low regardless of gender. The use of Pap smear screening was extremely low, indicating a need for increased health education and preventative initiatives aimed at both men and women.

Author(s) Details

Gregory Edie Halle-Ekane
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.

Dr Derick Nembulefack
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Limbe District Hospital, Limbe, Cameroon.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V12/article/view/3658