Drug Utilization Pattern at the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Health Care Hospital in India| Chapter 6 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 8

 

Drug utilization studies ensure patient safety by assessing the safe and effective use of drugs, optimizing treatment strategies for better outcomes and contributing to overall quality improvement in emergency care. The aim of the study is to understand drug utilization patterns at the emergency department of a tertiary health care hospital in India. The study was designed as a prospective observational study. The patients’ data were collected and distributed on the basis of age, gender, comorbidities, disease and drug class in which the patients were observed for 6 months, and the conclusion was obtained with a sample size of 100 patients. Where the result was obtained according to the gender, males (64%) were more prone to disease than females (36%). The age group 51-60 years was more prone to disease, i.e., 28% than the 61-70 years (24%), and the least age group that visited the Emergency department was those 91-100 years (3%). The most common comorbidities that were observed during the study were hypertension (56 Patients), diabetes mellitus (45 Patients), hypothyroidism (10 Patients), and coronary artery disease (15 Patients), while 10 patients had no comorbidities. The common drugs used in ER are Pantoprazole, Ondansetron, Optineuron and Acetaminophen. In this study, the findings highlight the need for promoting rational drug therapy by encouraging the prescription of essential drugs using their generic names to improve health care outcomes and also in optimising drug therapy in the Emergency department.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Badikela Rama Krishna
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus-School of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy - 501506, Telangana, India.

 

Ratnakar Cherukupally
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus-School of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy - 501506, Telangana, India.

 

Pranaya Pakir
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus-School of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy - 501506, Telangana, India.

 

Tallapally Ashwini

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus-School of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy - 501506, Telangana, India.

 

Shaik Harun Rasheed
Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus-School of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy - 501506, Telangana, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v8/6229

 

Assessment of Prescription Pattern of Anti-Diabetic Drugs: A Case Study from Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh | Chapter 1 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3

 This phase aimed to determine the pattern of medicine among diabetic victims relevant to current evidence and clinical directions. Glycemic control remains the important therapeutic objective for prevention of aim organ damage and additional complications arising from diabetes. Poor glycemic control in diabetes mellitus maybe prevented by utilizing rational use of oral hypoglycemic powers. Chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with general damage, dysfunction and failure of various tools, especially analysis, kidneys, nerves, heart and ancestry vessels. We proposed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs among Type 2 diabetes subjects. This study was conducted for accumulating the demographic details of diabetic cases and determining the pattern of cures prescribed among bureaucracy in an outpatient area of a tertiary healthcare center.It is a descriptive type of cross-localized study conducted for a ending of 3 months from 1 May to 31 July, 2015 among the diabetic patients, inattentive of age, sexuality and race, attending the outpatient area of diabetic clinic of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Structured case record form was secondhand for demographic data & medicine details. Data were resolved using SPSS 22 and Microsoft Excel 2010 in computer.In total, 105 inmates, 40 males (38.1%) and 65 women (61.9%) were enrolled with city predominance (69.5%) place 51 (48.6%) were in the age group of 47-61 years accompanying a mean of 53.4 (SD±10.6) years. 70 (66.7%) had diabetes for inferior 5 years and 66 (62.9%) had at least two together concurrent sickness. Hypertension accounted for majority (34.3%) of snags. About the dosage expression of prescribed anti-diabetic powers, 30 were prescribed two together oral and injectable drugs concurrently between 105 respondents. Majority (62.9%) were arbitrary oral drugs singly and 8.6% injectable readinesses alone. On an average, 5.62 (SD±3.16) drugs were considered per prescription for diabetes as well as joined co-morbidities and majority (23.8%) had 4 drugs. Metformin unique predominated in 41% prescriptions followed by the alliance of Metformin and Sitagliptin (31.4%). Before creating and clearing any new medication, the results maybe used as a citation to determine the best antagonistic-diabetic medication expression and combination for this region of the experience.  To reduce depression and mortality in diabetic patients, we must guarantee optimum glycemic control not only by prescribing restrain line with guidelines, but likewise by ensuring victims’ adherence to treatment plan.

Author(s) Details:

Zuhayer Ahmed,
Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V3/article/view/12604

Determination of Oral Antidiabetic Medications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Outpatient Department, India | Chapter 05 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 The study's goals were to determine prescription trends for oral hypoglycemic medications in type 2 diabetic patients at a university hospital, as well as to assess patient adherence to the therapy.

A prospective, observational, and non-comparative study was done over a six-month period at a university hospital in New Delhi, India. This study comprised 200 type 2 diabetes patients that were registered. Following the physician's consultation, the prescriptions were evaluated, and the patients were interviewed. The data was collected using a custom-designed proforma.

Findings of importance: Females made up more than half of a group of 200 type 2 diabetes (53 percent ). The average age and BMI of the patients were 50.4 11.7 years old and 25.8 4.4 kg/m2, respectively. A total of 432 OHAs were prescribed to the patients. With a p-value of 0.0001, combination therapy was prescribed to a considerably higher proportion of patients (71.5 percent). Biguanides were the most popular class, followed by sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and glucosidase inhibitors. Only 77.5 percent of the patients adhered to the treatment plan. Metformin was found to be the most often prescribed drug.

Conclusions: Biguanides were the most commonly administered OHAs, followed by sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and glucosidase inhibitors. Metformin was found to be the most often prescribed medication.

Author(S) Details

Md. Shamshir Alam
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Ambala, India and Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi-110062, India.

Manish Kumar Maity
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Ambala, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V4/article/view/6367

Drug Utilization Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Tribal Area in South India | Chapter 9 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 10

 We are confronting several difficulties such as overuse, abuse, higher expense, antibiotic resistance, and so on as a result of irrational drug use. The research was carried out in a tertiary hospital where patients were referred from nearby rural and tribal regions. The patients admitted to clinical departments were included in the retrospective analysis. A total of 200 patients were enrolled in the study, with males accounting for 41.5 percent of the total and females accounting for 58.5 percent. The majority of the patients are under the age of 30. The average number of prescriptions per patient was 4.76. The intravenous approach proved popular. In 38 percent of patients, the medicine dose was incorrect, and in 3% of cases, the frequency was incorrect. Antimicrobial agents were found to be the most regularly prescribed drug class (41.53 percent), with Ampicillin being the most usually prescribed antimicrobial agent (53.01 percent). None of the patients had their cultures and sensitivities tested. In 42 percent of cases, a single antimicrobial agent was administered, and in 38 percent of cases, a combination of two antimicrobial agents was prescribed. As a result, the drug use in the study's participants is irrational, and numerous recommendations have been made.

Author (S) Details

Ajay M. Khade
Department of Pharmacology, RIMS, Adilabad, Telangana, India.

Jyoti A. Khade
Department of Dentistry, RIMS, Adilabad, Telangana, India.

M. Shakeel M Bashir
Department of Pharmacology, RIMS, Adilabad, Telangana, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V10/article/view/2846

Evaluating the Drug Utilization in Ophthalmology Outpatients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital | Chapter 8 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 The goal of this study was to see how medications were used in the ophthalmology outpatient department. Materials and Procedures: The research was carried out at the ESIC Medical College and the PGIMSR Ophthalmology Department. A total of 700 prescriptions were collected from 700 patients and studied for total and average number of pills per prescription, duration of therapy, dosage form, drug encounters with antibiotics and other drugs, and percentage of pharmaceuticals prescribed by generic names. After reviewing the prescriptions, it was discovered that the average number of medications per prescription was 2.14, with a range of pharmaceuticals prescribed ranging from 1 to 5. There were a total of 1502 medications prescribed, with seven different dose forms. Antibiotics were the most regularly prescribed medication (28.14 percent), followed by antihistamines (14.285), and vitamins and minerals (14.285). (14.28 percent ). Third, lubricants for the eyes were regularly given (12.12 percent ). Antibiotics containing fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin) were routinely prescribed. The most prevalent prescription writing mistakes were minor.

Author(s) Details

Dr. C. H. Janakidevi
Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, The Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V9/article/view/2242

Morbidity and Drug Utilization Pattern among Pregnant Admitted Anemic Women and to Find Out Rationality of Drug by Using Indian Guidelines | Chapter 8 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 8

 Background: Pregnancy is a unique physiological state during which drug use is increasingly frowned upon due to the potential of teratogenicity. Anemia is a common cause of death in mothers. As a result, our goal was to look into drug usage, teratogenic risk, and prescription rationality among pregnant anaemia patients.

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational research was conducted in 150 indoor patients at a tertiary care hospital. The Institutional Review Board gave their approval to the protocol (IRB). The information was gathered using a pre-designed proforma. SPSS version 20.0 software was used to analyse the data.

The results showed that out of 150 patients, 23, 111, and 16 were under 20, 20 to 30, and over 30 years old, respectively. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (18.7%) and antepartum haemorrhage (12.7%) were prevalent among anaemic individuals. Around 71 percent of women report feeling weak, followed by a headache. The most commonly recommended medicines were iron (93.3%) and calcium (86.0%). In severe anaemia, iron sucrose and packed cell volume are administered. The most commonly prescribed drug risk category was Category-A (90.21 percent), followed by Category-B (8.0 percent) and Category-C (4.0 percent) (1.8 percent ). 70.3 and 89.2% of medications were prescribed by generic name and from the essential drug list, respectively. According to Indian guidelines, the overall prescribing behaviour was logical.

Conclusion: In anaemic individuals, the most usually prescribed medicines were iron, calcium, and folic acid. During drug use, no teratogenic risk was discovered. The medicine and its dosage were both reasonable and adequate. The number of medications prescribed under generic name is lower, as is hospital supply.

Author (s) Details

Harsh M. Joshi
Department of Pharmacology, N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

Jayun M. Joshi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, L.G. Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Kamlesh P. Patel
Department of Pharmacology, N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

Kartik N. Shah
Department of Pharmacology, N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

Varsha J. Patel
Department of Pharmacology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical Collage & Research Centre, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V8/article/view/2211