Improving Maternity Care Quality in Nampula, Mozambique: An Implementation Research | Chapter 9 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 7

 

Background: Maternity care is an important indicator of national health systems, and the quality of maternity services is an essential factor in reducing maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality, which remains extremely high in Africa. Maternal and child mortality have their highest incidence around delivery time. In Mozambique, the maternal mortality rate was 451.6 deaths per 100,000 live births (2017). The reasons for this are complex, but one important factor in reducing this burden is to provide effective and efficient care, to improve institutional deliveries.  To reduce maternal and new-born mortality rates in Nampula, researchers from Lúrio University and the University of Saskatchewan, carried out an implementation research program, including different interventions such as training activities for health professionals in maternal and child health care, information campaigns through radio, theatre and meetings, and transport for deliveries in maternity. A mid-project evaluation was planned to assess the training’s impact on the quality of services at Marrere Hospital Maternity.

Methods: Quantitative pre-post study, carrying out two cross-sectional surveys about maternity service quality, one being conducted after five health professionals’ training and the other after six more training. The two surveys included samples of post-partum women in maternity, calculated with a 10% margin error and 90% confidence interval for the first survey, and with a 7% margin error and 95% confidence interval for the second. The surveys were entered into REDCap and analysed to assess frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. This research was approved by the Institutional Committees of Bioethics at Lúrio University and at the University of Saskatchewan.

Results: 116 post-partum women were surveyed at the maternity, assessing standards of patient-centred care during delivery labour. Most areas showed no improvement. Some positive improvements were delivering women were given the option to have a person of their choice accompany them during labour (75%), notably a traditional birth attendant (34%), and they had continuous support from a health professional (68%). But many shortcomings persisted in areas of privacy (33%) and confidentiality (57%).

Discussion: Health professionals informed delivering women that they had the option to have a person of their choice to accompany them during labour, and this is a low-cost and effective intervention to improve the quality of maternity care, in a context where Traditional Birth Attendants are pregnant women’s trusted partners.

Most post-partum women in maternity were satisfied with the service, perhaps due to their low education level leading to lower expectations, since health professionals did not generally proceed according to the rules of good care.

This finding might be related to the high turnover of mother and child health professionals, by a mandated reduction of those professionals with an overload of work to those remaining, associated with a hospital’s economic resources reduction, in parallel with low salaries and missing payments for extra-hours.

Conclusion: The quality of patient-centred care at Marrere Hospital Maternity did not improve much with health professionals’ training. Decreasing the large turnover rate of such staff, reviewing their learning styles, and promoting continuous professional capacity building would be the next steps to improve the quality of care. These policy developments could significantly better mother and child health at Mozambican health centres and hospitals.

 

Author (s) Details

Paulo Pires
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Bairro de Marrere, Rua Nr. 4250, Km 2.3, CP 364, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

Martins Abudo Mupueleque
University Mussa Bin Bique, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

Jaibo Rassul Mucufo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

David Zakus
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

 

Ronald SiemensFaculty of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

 

Celso Belo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v7/2172

Early Physiotherapy Rehabilitation after Lower Segment Cesarean Section Delivery | Chapter 7 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 12

Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) is one of the common modes of delivery carried out nowadays to prevent complications during a normal delivery. It is a life-saving surgery for the mother and the child. LSCS is a surgical procedure wherein the abdominal wall and the uterus are incised to deliver the child. The recovery of a patient after LSCS is difficult and slow compared to that of a normal delivery due to mobility restrictions due by the scar and the incision. The functional capacity of the patient also gets limited due to incisional pain. Physiotherapy is a useful tool to hasten and enhance the recovery of such patients. Generalized physiotherapy protocols for patients after LSCS are available in the literature. However, there is a lack of evidence of personalized protocols to date. Hence, this chapter aims to explain how to form a personalized early physiotherapeutic rehabilitation for LSCS patients.

 

Author (s) Details

Tushara Nair
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, India.

 

Chakshu Mehta
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, India.

 

G.P. Kumar
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v12/4967

Designing a Typical Course File for Planning and Documenting the Evidence of OBE Implementation of Theory Courses | Chapter 2 | Handbook of Outcome-Based Education Model (OBE): Best Practices and Formats for OBE Implementation in Technical Higher Education Programs

 Even though Outcome-Based Education (OBE) is an optimistic framework to offer quality education by institutions and universities, the success of the OBE model depends on how the curriculum design and delivery bridges academia and industry with contemporary knowledge, skills, and attitude and enables the graduates to contribute to innovation, develop entrepreneurial skills and reach the society with professional ethics. Undoubtedly, Universities always play the role of transforming students. In this direction, the OBE program needs to be built primarily on curriculum design with effective teaching-learning processes involving key stakeholders so that graduates acquire the required attributes and skills at the end of the program. The execution of the curriculum has to be planned in terms of the units of the curriculum called the courses that are to be implemented with proper design, delivery, assessment, evaluation, reinforcement of Teaching/Learning Processes (TLP), and continuous improvement to attain clearly stated outcomes.

This chapter presents the typical template for fine-tuning the course design that serves as a course file to document the blueprint of the process of instruction, assessment, and evaluation within the framework of the OBE and how the expected outcomes are met.

In other words, this Chapter is an attempt to design a typical course file format in line with the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) that consists of several documents required for the implementation of OBE at the course level including the evidence for cooperative/innovative methods implemented, performance analysis and remedial inputs, OBE CO attainment report, and other essentials.

Author(s) Details:

Arun Kumar B. R.,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bengaluru-64, Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/HOEMBPFITHEP/article/view/11304

The Effect of Using Multiple Micronutrients (MMN) and Iron-folic Acid (IFA) on the Number of Normal Deliveries | Chapter 12 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 Introduction: Health issues before birth have been guide a decrease in the incidence of uncomplicated deliveries in anticipating mothers. To address this concern, the World Health Organization advocates for enriching pregnant wives with essential vitamins such as folic acid, iron, and a range of micronutrients. This study, conducted at Semen Padang Hospital in Padang, proposed to evaluate the impact of Multiple Micronutrient (MMN) supplementation on the manner of delivery.Methods: Employing a backward-looking descriptive research design, data was composed from pregnant mothers who had prenatal care and brought at Semen Padang Hospital between January and December 2021. Results: The study encompassed 201 significant participants, accompanying 73 experiencing sane vaginal deliveries and 128 undergoing cesarean divisions. The statistical study yielded a p-advantage of 0.767 (p>0.05), signifying that the influence of Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation did not significantly clash from that of MMN in promoting common deliveries.Discussion: This study contributes valuable observations into the realm of maternal healthcare, peeling light on the corresponding effectiveness of IFA and MMN in doing the mode of childbirth. The findings underscore the significance of providing expectant founders with appropriate minor element supplementation, which concede possibility potentially contribute to revised maternal and neonatal consequences.Conclusion: These results advocate for continued research and exercise of targeted nutrient mediations during pregnancy to embellish overall maternal fitness and well-being.

Author(s) Details:

Najmiatul Fitria,
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V8/article/view/12519

Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Emergencies Received at the Maternity Unit of Saint-Louis Regional Hospital, Senegal: A Retrospective Cross-sectional and Descriptive Study| Chapter 15 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 8

 The aim of this study search out provide the epidemiological and clinical traits of women taken in emergency at the maternity part of the regional clinic of Saint-Louis. In Senegal, reducing motherly mortality is one of the main preference of the National Health Development Plan.On the basis of the office for a year, a retrospective, cross-divided, and descriptive study was transported (July 1, 2017 - June 30, 2018). Out of 5822 collected files, skilled were 1364 evacuations (23.43%). The majority of women were under 25 age of age (42.53%), ignorant (60.92%), married (97.73%), low-gains (96.68%), first-time meaningful (37.91%), prim pregnant (38.57%), with a full-term gestation (85.28%) and less than 4 fetal consultations (56.02%).The most common pathologies were dystocic (20.16%), hypertensive (18.40%), and hemorrhagic (8.65%). Medical treatment (72.87%) was governed by vascular filling, medicine and antihypertensive medication, ancestry transfusion, and magnesium sulphate injection. Gynaeco-obstetrical care contained 42 abortions, 834 births, and 303 caesarean divisions, for a total of 1179 cases (86.44%).It is concluded that improving the position requires a more learned population and a better systematized network of “obstetric and neonatal emergency care (ONEC)” services (healing transport, sufficient and improved staff, better maternity and neonatology, correct suffused databases).

Author(s) Details:

Niang Khadim,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Sylla Béïtyr,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Thiam Ousmane,
Genecology and Obstetric Service, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Ndiaye Papa,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V8/article/view/8732

Prognostic Factors for Obstetrical Emergencies Received at the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis in Senegal: A Retrospective, Cross-sectional and Descriptive Study| Chapter 14 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 8

 The objective concerning this work was to label prognostic factors for obstetrical emergencies taken at the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis. The one-period retrospective, cross-sectional, and explanatory investigation was established the archives (July 1, 2017 - June 30, 2018). The categorical and relative frequencies of each qualitative changeable were calculated utilizing a confidence interval. Thus, were filled out: the socio-demographic description of the woman, the environments of evacuation, and the care. Out of 5822 collected files, skilled were 1364 evacuations (23.43%). The majority of daughters were under 25 years of age (42.53%), ignorant (60.92%), married (97.73%), reduced-income (96.68%), first-occasion pregnant (37.91%), prim pregnant (38.57%), with a entire-term pregnancy (85.28%) and less than 4 fetal consultations (56.02%).The most common pathologies were dystocic (20.16%), hypertensive (18.40%), and hemorrhagic (8.65%). Medical situation (72.87%) was dominated by vascular contents, antibiotic and antihypertensive medication, ancestry transfusion, and magnesium sulphate dose. Gynaeco-obstetrical treatment worried 42 abortions, 834 deliveries and 303 caesareans; for a total of 1179 cases (86.44%). The surgery involved 22 laparotomies (containing 7 hysterectomies), 5 perineal recoveries, and 3 others; for a total of 30 cases (2.20%). Hospitalization, approximately 2.34 days, resulted in maternal death for 14 cases (1.26%) and perinatal mortality for 157 cases (13.81%). Improving the issue makes necessary a more informed people as well as a more coordinated network of "obstetric and neonatal danger care / soins obstétricaux et néonatals d’urgence (SONU)" services: healing transport, sufficient and upgraded stick, better maternity and neonatology, correct suffused databases.

Author(s) Details:

Niang Khadim,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Sylla Béïtyr,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Thiam Ousmane,
Genecology and Obstetric Service, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Ndiaye Papa,
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Gaston Berger University (UGB) of Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V8/article/view/8731

A Case Report of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum after Vaginal Delivery: Hamman’s Syndrome | Chapter 13 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 Contraception is a basic human right since it has an impact on society's lifestyle, health, and well-being, as well as the environment. Despite substantial advancements in contraception alternatives for women, the only contraceptive techniques accessible for males are vasectomy and condoms. However, many men currently prefer to share equal responsibility for family planning with their partners. Over the last few decades, numerous trials have been conducted in the hopes of developing a safe, effective, and reversible male contraceptive. For the development of male contraceptives, many hormonal and non-hormonal techniques have been used. The hormonal method focuses on suppressing gonadotropins and, as a result, spermatogenesis. Most males were successfully contracepted using this method, but not all. Various efforts are also being made to reduce side effects and improve till full efficacy is achieved. Non-hormonal treatment can target sperm production, maturation, and function. Non-hormonal drugs have been identified and examined in animal models; however, this method is still in the early stages of development. This study attempts to provide a detailed overview of existing and prospective male contraceptive approaches. Men's circumstances may alter as a result of these efforts, and in the not-too-distant future, men will be able to select the optimal contraceptive for their needs.

Author (S) Details

Marco Gentile

Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Surgical Department, ULSS 9 'Scaligera', Verona, Italy.

Mariaconcetta Zinna

Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Surgical Department, ULSS 9 'Scaligera', Verona, Italy.

Antonio Costanza

Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Surgical Department, ULSS 9 'Scaligera', Verona, Italy.

Andrea Remo

Pathology Unit, Service Department, ULSS9 “Scaligera”, Verona, Italy.

Giuseppe Sala

Radiology Unit, Service Department, ULSS9 “Scaligera”, Verona, Italy.

Pietro Catapano

Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Surgical Department, ULSS 9 'Scaligera', Verona, Italy.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V5/article/view/4208

A Retrospective Study on Fetal Outcome of Deliveries among Teenagers in Centre Region of Cameroon | Chapter 5 | New Insights into Disease and Pathogen Research Vol. 5

In order to inform public health action, we sought to compare the fetal outcome of adolescent pregnancies with the non-adolescent ones. A total of 6041 deliveries were compared  using rates, proportions, means and OR, the fetal outcome of adolescent (10-19 years old) deliveries registered at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, to those in their non-adolescent counterparts.Referred deliveries were significantly higher in adolescent participants compared to their non-adolescent counterparts (6.4% versus 4.3%, OR 1.53 95% CI 1.07-2.20). Non-adolescent pregnancies lasted significantly longer than adolescent pregnancies (38.46±2.72 versus 38.13±3.19 weeks respectively, p=.007). The former group had significantly higher rates of premature and post-term: deliveries (29.3% versus 24.5%, p=.041 OR 1.28 95% CI 1.01-1.62 and 4.9 versus 2.4%, p=.014 OR 2.11 95% CI 1.46-3.87 respectively. Babies born of adolescent mothers weighed significantly less (irrespective of birth order) than those born of non-adolescent mothers (mean weights 2984.80±647.81 versus 3190.72±645.45 grams, p<.001). The odds of both apparent and perinatal deaths was significantly higher in the adolescent group (AOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.25-2.47 and AOR 1.69 95% CI 1.17-2.45 respectively). Adolescent pregnancies are associated with poor fetal outcome. There is need for counseling and provision of family planning services to reduce their incidence.

Author (s) Details

Florent Ymele Fouelifack
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom, Yaoundé, Cameroon and Research, Education and Health Associative Group GARES-Falaise, Dschang, Cameroon.

Jeanne Hortence Fouedjio
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Loic Dongmo Fouelifa
Faculty of Medicine, University of Lomé, Togo, School of Armies Health Services of Lomé, P.O.Box:14148 Lomé, Togo.

Felicitee Dongmo Nguefack
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and BioMedical Sciences of University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon, P.O.Box:1364 Yaounde, Cameroon.

Enow Robinson Mbu
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/196