Improving Maternity Care Quality in Nampula, Mozambique: An Implementation Research | Chapter 9 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 7

 

Background: Maternity care is an important indicator of national health systems, and the quality of maternity services is an essential factor in reducing maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality, which remains extremely high in Africa. Maternal and child mortality have their highest incidence around delivery time. In Mozambique, the maternal mortality rate was 451.6 deaths per 100,000 live births (2017). The reasons for this are complex, but one important factor in reducing this burden is to provide effective and efficient care, to improve institutional deliveries.  To reduce maternal and new-born mortality rates in Nampula, researchers from Lúrio University and the University of Saskatchewan, carried out an implementation research program, including different interventions such as training activities for health professionals in maternal and child health care, information campaigns through radio, theatre and meetings, and transport for deliveries in maternity. A mid-project evaluation was planned to assess the training’s impact on the quality of services at Marrere Hospital Maternity.

Methods: Quantitative pre-post study, carrying out two cross-sectional surveys about maternity service quality, one being conducted after five health professionals’ training and the other after six more training. The two surveys included samples of post-partum women in maternity, calculated with a 10% margin error and 90% confidence interval for the first survey, and with a 7% margin error and 95% confidence interval for the second. The surveys were entered into REDCap and analysed to assess frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. This research was approved by the Institutional Committees of Bioethics at Lúrio University and at the University of Saskatchewan.

Results: 116 post-partum women were surveyed at the maternity, assessing standards of patient-centred care during delivery labour. Most areas showed no improvement. Some positive improvements were delivering women were given the option to have a person of their choice accompany them during labour (75%), notably a traditional birth attendant (34%), and they had continuous support from a health professional (68%). But many shortcomings persisted in areas of privacy (33%) and confidentiality (57%).

Discussion: Health professionals informed delivering women that they had the option to have a person of their choice to accompany them during labour, and this is a low-cost and effective intervention to improve the quality of maternity care, in a context where Traditional Birth Attendants are pregnant women’s trusted partners.

Most post-partum women in maternity were satisfied with the service, perhaps due to their low education level leading to lower expectations, since health professionals did not generally proceed according to the rules of good care.

This finding might be related to the high turnover of mother and child health professionals, by a mandated reduction of those professionals with an overload of work to those remaining, associated with a hospital’s economic resources reduction, in parallel with low salaries and missing payments for extra-hours.

Conclusion: The quality of patient-centred care at Marrere Hospital Maternity did not improve much with health professionals’ training. Decreasing the large turnover rate of such staff, reviewing their learning styles, and promoting continuous professional capacity building would be the next steps to improve the quality of care. These policy developments could significantly better mother and child health at Mozambican health centres and hospitals.

 

Author (s) Details

Paulo Pires
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Bairro de Marrere, Rua Nr. 4250, Km 2.3, CP 364, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

Martins Abudo Mupueleque
University Mussa Bin Bique, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

Jaibo Rassul Mucufo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

David Zakus
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

 

Ronald SiemensFaculty of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

 

Celso Belo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v7/2172

A Quantitative Study Conducted in Nampula, Mozambique, Examined the Prevalence and Determinants of Anxiety and Depression among Health Sciences Students | Chapter 6 | Advanced Concepts in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

Initiation: Anxiety and depression are ultimate prevalent mental disorders in the globe, close to 50% of the international ailment burden due to insane disorders and substance use. Research with academy students show psychiatric disorders ‘rates about 15 to 25%. This chapter highlights the predominance as well as determinants of two together major mental strength diseases between health science pupils. It estimates anxiety and depression predominance rates in Faculty of Health Sciences’ scholars, at Lúrio University in Nampula, Mozambique, and associated cause, during the Covid-19 pandemic.Juniors experience mental strength stress and interfere with their university very often due to their constructing biased training surroundings and unfavourable life condition. Population’ depressing disorders prevalence is around 7%, but these disorders’ occurrence increased due to the SARS-CoV-2 universal, impairing individual’s functional and psychosocial lives, and increasing the risk of important depressive disorder other than recognized and treated.Explanatory study, (21) cross-sectional quantitative, requesting an indirect questionnaire from Noble to October 2020 to a students’ universe registered at the FHS of UniLúrio in Nampula, during the year 2020: 1,050 graduates. To have a representative sample, the number was calculated accompanying a 95% confidence interval and a border of error of 5%, considering the supposed prevalence (unknown) prepared 50%, obtaining 282 subjects. The draft of the sample was based on the students' approachability to the digital questionnaire on their smartphone, in addition to on their voluntary partnership, aged 18 years or over, registered in the courses of Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Food, Pharmacy, and Optometry, who accompanied the first to sixth year of graduation and the one signed an Informed Consent Form (ICF). The Ability of Health Sciences students’ sample grabbed at random in Nampula answered the survey from Noble to October 2020, in a declared Public Calamity ending due to Covid-19 pandemic. Results were analysed accompanying Statistic Package for Commerce with a confidence pause of 95% and an error margin of 5%, utilizing Q2 test to determine statistically important associations.In the study, 276 students solved the survey, 50% of each gender, aged from 17 to 51 age, 60% coming from Nampula province, show high rates of anxiety, concavity and co morbidity, respectively 42.3, 34.3 and 25.9%, accompanying a statistically significant association accompanying bad connections with friends, defective sleep, trauma, lost and offspring antecedents.Conclusion: We habitual the high prevalence of insane disorders in the Mozambican population, probably annoyed by governmental restrictive measures on account of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, achieving distance digital learning. FHS scholars have high prevalence rates of worry (42%) and depression (34%), mental disorders jolting patient – health student connection, limiting academic achievement and value of life. These disturbances are underlined by an insufficient amount of sleep (RR>2), low BMI, weak interpersonal relationships or frightening or family history, as expected. The Covid-19 universal may have aggravated the occurrence of these disorders.These results are important to allow the Academy to launch preventative exercises and to promote healing options, to grant the teaching–learning arrangement success.

Author(s) Details:

Paulo Henrique das Neves Martins Pires,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Guida de Miranda,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Joel Bambamba,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Regina Iacamurima,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Angela Bambamba,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Martins Mupueleque,
University Mussa Bin Bique, Nampula, Mozambique.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACMMR-V10/article/view/12820

Investigation of Risk Factors Associated with the Frequency of Antibodies against Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in Cattle in Southern Mozambique | chapter 10 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 2

 Babesiosis in cattle is a disease caused by Babesia spp., a protozoan spread by ticks of the Ixodidae family, and is a major economic concern in the tropics. It is spread by ticks of the species Rhipicephalus microplus, Rhipicephalus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus everts everts, and Hyalomma marginatum rufipes in Mozambique, and is primarily caused by B. bigemina and B. bovis. The disease is characterised by high rates of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical climates, and it is widespread in southern Mozambique, where beef cattle imported from neighbouring countries make up the majority of livestock. Gender, age, and geographic origin were investigated as risk factors for serological prevalence and molecular diagnostic of B. bigemina and B. bovis in beef cattle in Maputo, Gaza, and Inhambane, southern Mozambique, using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 809 and 240 blood samples from cattle were obtained at random and examined by i-ELISA and PCR at the same time. By i-ELISA, the overall prevalence of B. bigemina and B. bovis was 71.8 percent (n = 581) and 76.6 percent (n = 620), respectively, and by PCR, 11.3 percent (n = 27) and 37.1 percent (n = 89). According to the age and geographic origin of the samples, there was a significant difference in the two illnesses. The findings of this study provide significant information on the epidemiology of B. bigemina and B. bovis infection in beef cattle in the examined region, which can be used by domestic livestock management to plan future disease control actions.

 

Author (S) Details

António A. M. Tembue

Centro de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Etnobotânica (CIDE), Rua da Igreja casa Zero, Vila da Namaacha, Maputo, Mozambique.

Cleber O. Soares

Embrapa Gado de Corte, Área de Sanidade Animal, BR 262 Km 4, Caixa Postal 154, Campo Grande, MS 79002-970, Brazil.

Adivaldo H. Fonseca

Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veteri-nária, Universidade Federal Rural de Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RAAVS-V2/article/view/4090