Pharmaceutical Applications and Therapeutic Potential of Melissa officinalis L.: A Review | Chapter 9 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4

Melissa officinalis (MO), also called lemon balm, is a perennial herbaceous plant that consists of a variety of potent phytochemicals. Melissa officinalis is widely recognized for its therapeutic properties and is used globally in the prevention and management of various diseases. It contains several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and essential oils. Key constituents include triterpenes (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid), phenolic acids (rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid), flavonoids (quercetin, rhamnocitrin, and luteolin), and volatile compounds (geranial, neral, citronellal, and geraniol). Biological research has demonstrated that the essential oil and extracts of Melissa officinalis exhibit diverse pharmacological activities, making them promising candidates for medical applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of its botanical characteristics, traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and pharmacological effects, highlighting its potential as an alternative therapeutic agent for various health conditions due to its rich phytochemical composition. Further experimental and clinical studies could be designed in the future to explore other potential molecular pathways involved in disease pathogenesis that could be the future therapeutic approach in the treatment and prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.

 

Author (s) Details

Nabgha Zafa
Jinnah University for Women, Pakistan.

 

Adnan Zafar
Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4690

Docosanoic Acid, Quercetin, and Vitexin from Dennettia tripetala Bak. f.: Isolation, Characterization, and Evaluation of their In-vivo Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects | Chapter 8 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 11

Among the medicinal plants that have found usefulness in ethnomedicine and attracted scientific interests is Dennettia tripetala Baker f. (Annonaceae). D. tripetalais widely used in African traditional medicine for managing diabetes, inflammation, pain, and other ailments. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from the root and stem bark of D. tripetalaand evaluate their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties through in vivo models. The stem bark and root of D. tripetalawere collected from Itak Ikot Akap village in Ikono Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The plant materials were extracted using 70% aqueous methanol, and the extracts were partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions. Compounds were isolated through open-column chromatography and thin layer chromatography and characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using egg albumin and xylene-induced oedema models, while analgesic activity was assessed using formalin-induced paw licking and hot plate tests, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with significance level set at p<0.05. The dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity, with the root extract at 447 mg/kg significantly inhibiting egg albumin-induced oedema by 81% at 5 hours, compared to 77% for aspirin. In the xylene-induced oedema model, the root extract at 670 mg/kg achieved 76% inhibition, comparable to the standard drug. Analgesic effects were most pronounced in the formalin test, where the root extract reduced paw licking duration by 85% in the late phase. ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy were utilized in identification of compounds. Docosanoic acid showed ester signals (C=O at 1736 cm⁻¹, 174.0 ppm). Quercetin had hydroxyl signals (12.5–9.3 ppm) and a carbonyl at 175.9 ppm, while vitexin displayed glycosidic signals (3.85–3.24 ppm) and a carbonyl at 182.6 ppm, confirming their bioactive potential. These findings validate the traditional use of D. tripetalaand highlight its potential as a source of natural therapeutic agents.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Enema, Onojah John
Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.

 

Umoh, Uwemedimo Francis
Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.

 

Ekarika, C. Johnson
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.

 

Khalid, Doudin
Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.

 

Johnny, I. Imoh
Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v11/4839

The Conjecture of Analgesic Activity of Psidium guajava (L.) Implications of Fruit Extracts in Mice | Chapter 13 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9

 This important objective of this division is to devote effort to something the usefulness of common medical processes and herbal remedies concerning the healthcare system and by means of what they may be applied to address worldwide health care challenges. The best opportunities to synthetic painkillers are before accessible, and they are from plant-based everyday compounds. They engage in any of actions. Eddy's Hot plate, Tail Immersion, and Acetic Acid Induced Pain Models in Mice were used to evaluate the Aqueous Extract and Methanolic Extract of the Fruits of P. guajava. Different dosages of the extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) were given verbally by gastric gavage to P. guajava. It significantly (P 0.05) decreased the pain provoked by a hot plate (74.29%), a tail absorption (76.03%), and an abdominal shortening brought on by tart acid (73.92%), respectively. Its efficacy was raise to be prepared that of the common drugs pentazocin and diclofenac sodium. The extract of P. guajava holds flavonoids, tanins, and saponins, which are what present it its pain remover effects. According to the results, tannins and flavonoids two together contribute to the persuasive analgesic operation, making this a popular situation. These are the most productive tools for organizing and treating the pain remover action of PGs pathways.

Author(s) Details:

Sonu Prajapati,
Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Khandwa Road, Indore (M.P.), India.

Nikita Upadhyay,
Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Khandwa Road, Indore (M.P.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V9/article/view/11914

Evaluation of Phytochemical Composition, Safety Profile, Analgesic Properties, and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract of Allium fistulosum L. | Chapter 3 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

 The study was transported to evaluate the phytochemical, security profile, painkiller, and anti-instigative effects of A. fistulosum. Allium fistulosum, a perpetual herb in the type Allium of the Alliaceae family, is secondhand widely as an ingredient in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean food. In addition, A. fistulosum has been as a rule applied to treat coarse colds, headache, intestinal pain, and cardiovascular disease. A total of 50 rodent were separated into five groups. Group 1 mammals were given, 5 ml/kg of common saline verbally, when in fact groups 2, 3, and 4 were given Ethanol extract of A. fistulosum at a application of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg, respectively. Animals of group 5 were executed the standard drug Aspirin at a dose of 300 mg/kg verbally. Aspirin 300 mg/kg was given verbally as a standard drug to a group of 5 animals. An antagonistic-inflammatory effect was completed activity on 50 rats. 1% carrageenan was used to induce edema in the fondle. Group 1 acted as a control group inasmuch as the other three groups taken A. fistulosum at a dose of 200, 400, and, 600 mg/kg. The having five of something group was given the standard drug Ibuprofen. The elements of the ethanol extract of A. fistulosum were labeled using the phytochemical reasoning. The screening shows the attendance of pharmacologically potent elements such flavonoids, sugars, amino acids, glycosides, phenols, and tannins. The present study told that the therapeutic plant reduces pain completely three doses when compared accompanying the animal that received rational saline. The intoxicating extracts of A.fistulosum showed a meaningful anti-instigative effect from 2 hrs to 24 employment recruiting and management. However, the anti-instigative effect of A.fistulosum at 400mg/kg was highly important at 5 hours, while the anti-angering effect of A.fistulosum at 600mg/kg demonstrated highly important at 5hr and 24 hours.The safety description of A. fistulosum was accessed by Lorke’s pattern which was erect safe at the discussed dose. Anti-instigative and analgesic features could be from the presence of miscellaneous phytochemical substances. Although more studies are necessary with an raised sample size because very limited news is available to date.

Author(s) Details:

Syeda Afroz  ,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

Shireen Nazir,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

Azmat Ara,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V5/article/view/11047

Study on Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel 1,7-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d] imidazo[1,2-f] pyrimidines | Chapter 11 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 4

 A straightforward method has been developed to synthesize new anti-inflammatory 1,7-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d] imidazo[1,2-f] pyrimidine 5 from aminocyanopyrazole. These compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, analgesic, antioxidant, and anticandidal properties. After studying the structure-activity relationships, the compound 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1,7-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d]imidazo[1,2-f]pyrimidine, 5a, was chosen as having the most potent activities. The structures of all novel compounds were determined using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS.

Author (s) Details

Fatma Allouche
Laboratory of Medicinal and Environmental Chemistry, Superior Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V4/article/view/911

Flupirtine: An Exigency Call for Medication Vigilant | Book Pi International

 

The purpose of this monograph is to provide an extensive review of the drug Flupirtine clinical
applications and its safety-related issues. While existing Non- Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
(NSAIDs) and Opioids which are used in the treatment of pain had some common adverse effects this
drug is devoid of adverse effects exhibited by NSAIDs and Opioids and is routinely used in clinics as
an analgesic particularly in India. Apart from its routine clinical use recently there are growing
concerns related to this drug for its hepatotoxicity hence it is withdrawn from the market of European
unions. Therefore, this monograph helps you to analyze its chemical nature, applications, recent
issues related to hepatotoxicity events that are reported with evidences in both the literature and also
databases. So that readers can gain awareness concerning this drug and also this can pose a
challenge to the regulatory bodies in India whether this drug can be safer to continue in the market or
any still further data can be required to prove its safety and efficacy because of increasing concerns
related to hepatotoxic events in recent days.

Author(s) Details

Lakshmi Narasimha Gunturu
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Dr. Girirajasekhar Dornadula
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/242