Computational Probe on Hydrogen Bonding Interaction of Some Aliphatic Alcohol and Water | Chapter 7 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 5

 

Hydrogen bonding interactions in low molecular weight alcohols or lower alcohol (viz. methanol and ethanol) with water molecules are quite common. But, due to the presence of bulky groups in higher alcohol (viz. propanol, butanol and pentanol etc.) and their isomers, the hydrogen bonding interactions between alcohol and water molecules is significantly different. In alcohol-water heterodimer complexes, water plays an important role in the stability of such a system, alcohol will be interacting with water molecules either as proton donor or proton acceptor mode. The aim of this study is to understand the Hydrogen Bonding Interaction and Structural Change in Some Aliphatic Alcohol-Water Complexes. We have studied the hydrogen bonding interactions between some aliphatic alcohol-water complexes by computational methods. All the models were constructed by using GaussView 5.0. The interaction energy (IE) and natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations for some common aliphatic alcohol-water complexes (e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and pentanol) and their isomers are computed by using the MP4 method. All alcohol-water complexes can form hydrogen bonds either through proton accepting or proton donor mode of interaction. Calculation of the interaction energy of such complexes reveals that the proton acceptor (RHO---H2O) hydrogen bonding mode is always more favorable than that of the proton donor (ROH---H2O) mode of interaction.

Author(s) Details

Mrinal J. Bezbaruah
Department of Applied Sciences, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, India.

Bipul Bezbaruah
Department of Applied Sciences, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v5/12598F

HIV and Alcohol Synergistically Disrupt Lysosomal Function in Hepatocytes, Driving Extracellular Vesicle Release and Liver Injury | Chapter 11 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 10

Although the etiologies of hepatic complications among people living with HIV who consume alcohol are multifactorial, alcohol remains a relatively understudied contributor to the progression of HIV-related liver injury. Here, we investigated whether metabolically derived acetaldehyde impairs lysosomes and releases exosomes to enhance HIV-induced hepatotoxicity. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-expressing Huh 7.5 (also known as RLW) cells were exposed to an acetaldehyde-generating system (AGS) for 24 h. We then infected (or not) the cells with HIV-1ADA, then exposed them again to AGS for another 48 h. Lysosome damage was assessed by galectin 3/LAMP1 co-localisation and cathepsin leakage. Additionally, we measured the co-localisation of DRAM 1 and Bax in lysosomes, indicating the contribution of HIV-AGS-triggered lysosomal damage to apoptosis induction in hepatocytes. Expression of lysosome biogenesis–transcription factor, TFEB, was measured by its protein levels and in situ immunofluorescence. Exposure of cells to AGS + HIV caused the greatest amount of lysosome leakage and impaired lysosomal biogenesis, leading to intrinsic apoptosis. Furthermore, AGS exposure impaired the microtubule-dependent translocation of TFEB from the cytosol to the nucleus. This appeared to result from the acetylation of α-tubulin.

Moreover, ZKSCAN3, a repressor of lysosome gene activation by TFEB, was amplified by AGS. Both these changes contributed to AGS-elicited disruption of lysosome biogenesis and promoted exosome release from hepatocytes. These results demonstrate that acetaldehyde impairs lysosomal integrity and repair, promotes exosome release, and exacerbates HIV-induced hepatotoxicity, offering mechanistic insight into alcohol’s role as a co-factor in liver damage among people with HIV.

 

Author (s) Details

Moses New-Aaron
Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St. (Suite 205), Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America.

 

Paul G. Thomes

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA and Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America.

 

Raghubendra Singh Dagur
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.

 

Kharbanda K. Kusum
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.

 

Larisa Y. Poluektova
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.

 

Natalia A. Osna
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v10/5390

An Overview on Glutamate Dehydrogenase and Its Clinical Applications| Chapter 10 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

 The aim concerning this chapter is an overview of current knowledge about Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in dispassionate applicability and possible hints for further search. GLDH is applicable as a marker of addiction, maintenance of abstinence and repetition of alcohol use in daily practice, nevertheless allure role as an indirect flag in determining neurodegenerative processes in the mind offers limited help.In comparison to other indicators of alcoholism is GLDH equally correct. Time aspect deliberate serum GLDH activity is an ideal gravestone of alcoholism since it is exalted in alcohol abuse but its venture declines promptly subsequently the last alcohol intake in intoxicating dependent subjects and the change ends long enough to be smart to be evaluated.  Combinations of intoxicating markers increase sensitivity and belittle specificity.The kinetics of blood corpuscle GLDH activity is a particular marker of alcohol dependence in addition to of the cessation of drinking intoxicating. Alcohol consumption reduces GLDH project to some extent and consecutively it take care of lead to increased protein result and strengthen of belittled leukocyte protective skill.The gradually decreased GLDH venture over life may have few contribution when aging the same as the GLDH endeavor in leukocytes diminishes with growing up. The decrease in GLDH activity in the cerebrospinal fluid at neurodegenerative disorders concede possibility be one of the reasons for the neuroexcitotoxic glutamate effect.

Author(s) Details:

Matej Kravos,
ZPA Dr. Kravos, Trg Svobode 26, 2310 Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenia and The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V7/article/view/11040

Assessment of Risks for Renal Dysfunction: An Approach towards Light to Moderate Drinking and Therapeutic Doses of Acetaminophen | Chapter 20 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 1

This study examined the kidney's response to therapeutic doses of acetaminophen (APAP) and light-to-moderate alcohol use while controlling for conditions including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity that might increase the kidney's susceptibility to APAP and/or alcohol toxicity. The study was a secondary data analysis of the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) were generated from multiple logistic regression models by further controlling for potential predisposing factors like namel to compare the likelihood that people who ingested therapeutic doses of APAP and light–moderate amounts of alcohol, compared to those who did not, would have kidney dysfunction. Even after controlling for hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, respondents who reported using therapeutic doses of APAP and light-to-moderate amounts of alcohol had statistically significant higher odds of developing renal dysfunction [OR(95 percent CI) = 1.64(1.28-2.10) self-report, 2.18(1.81-2.63) SCr, 4.60(3.03-7.00) BUN, 3.14(2.42-4.07) GFR, and 1.71(1.36-2.14) ALBCR]. On the kidney, APAP and alcohol were thought to have harmful effects. Unknown threshold dosages exist at which these effects start to manifest. The results of this study indicate that even therapeutic dosages of APAP and light to moderate amounts of alcohol may have negative health effects when drunk together. Given that many individuals may be exposed to both APAP and alcohol, this study brings to light a crucial public health issue. The findings could have an impact on health policy. We also investigated the possible effects of conditions that may make the kidney more vulnerable to APAP and/or alcohol toxicity, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.

Author(s) Details:

Harrison Ndetan,

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Community and Rural Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America.

Marion W. Evans Jr,

Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, 105 Herzer Building, Box 9805, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States of America.

Ashwani K. Singal,

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave, South, BDB 380, Birmingham, AL 35294-0012, United States of America.

Lane J. Brunner,

Ben and Maytee Fisch College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Tyler, 3900 University Blvd, Tyler, TX 75799, United States of America.

Kirk Calhoun,

University of Texas Health Science Center, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America.

Karan P. Singh,

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Community and Rural Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708, United States of America.

George Einstein,

University of Science, Arts and Technology (USAT), Olveston, Montserrat.

Orien Tulp,

University of Science, Arts and Technology (USAT), Olveston, Montserrat.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V1/article/view/7339

Study about Social Media and the Impact on Alcohol Consumption in Public University, Western Amazon City, Brazil | Chapter 07 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 The purpose of this study is to examine the frequency with which alcoholic content is visualised on Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat, as well as patterns of consumption, reasons for drinking, and the most commonly used social network, in order to determine if there is a significant link between individual drinking behaviour during the beginning period and six months later. This is a quantitative descriptive study that was developed at the Federal University of Rondônia in the Western Amazon. The data was gathered by administering questionnaires to incoming freshman students in two periods: from August to December 2016/2 and again from March to June 2017/1, with 52.8 percent of males in 2016/2 and 57.9% of females in 2017/1, with ages ranging from 18 to 20 years in both periods. Facebook has emerged as the most popular social media network among college students. In 2016/2, 63.9 percent of Facebook users reported viewing alcohol content and drinking it, compared to 70.4 percent on Instagram and 74.1 percent on Snapchat. In 2017/2, 65.8% of academics reported reading alcoholic content on Facebook and consuming alcoholic beverages, compared to 74.1 percent on Instagram and 74.4 percent on Snapchat. The most commonly claimed reason for claiming to consume alcohol is "celebrating a great occasion with friends." Because they do not consider themselves exposed, the majority of students deemed the association between exposure to the alcohol content of virtual media and their network of friends undetected.

Many university students begin their studies by consuming alcoholic substances, which explains why there is no significant change in alcohol consumption between the observed moments, despite the discovery of a link between the visualisation of alcohol content in social media and consumption, with Snapchat having the greatest impact.

Author(S) Details

Rosely Valéria Rodrigues
Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.

Marina Gomes Martellet
Academic Nursing, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.

Giovanna Lorena Nery Tavernard
Academic Nursing, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.

Sérgio Valério Escobar Filho
Academic Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V7/article/view/6594

Environmentally Benign Un-Catalyzed Esterification of Alcohols under Solvent-Free Condition Using Acetyl Chloride: An Experimental Investigation| Chapter 3 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol.6

 Under solvent-free and energy-efficient circumstances, a generic and practicable approach for un-catalyzed esterification of alcohols using acetyl chloride is disclosed. Nowadays, catalyst- and solvent-free processes are far more safe, nontoxic, ecologically friendly, and cost-effective. This approach is economical and environmentally friendly due to its high yields, extensive applicability to diverse alcohols, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, and ease of operation. Because of the benefits of the approach, which include solvent-free, catalyst-free, energy-efficient, and ecologically friendly circumstances, a simple work-up procedure, and easy and green separation of the produced HCl, this protocol will be a green technology for practical organic synthesis.

Author(s) Details:

Sangita S. Makone,
Chemical Sciences Research Laboratory, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Vishnupuri, Nanded. Maharashtra, India.

Sandeep N. Niwadange,
Department of Chemistry, Shri Govindrao Munghate Art’s and Science College, Kurkheda, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V6/article/view/5784

Water has the Capability of Reducing the Alcohol-Stimulative Taste of Spirits | Chapter 05 | Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 6

 The effects of solutes on the stimulative taste of ethanol in transparent spirits like vodkas were studied to see which components could change the alcohol-stimulative flavour and so improve the spirits' quality. MgCl2, MgSO4, and NaHCO3 have been shown to lower the alcohol-stimulative taste of spirits while also strengthening the hydrogen-bonding structure of water-ethanol in spirits. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the lowering of the alcohol-stimulative taste is linked to a change in the hydrogen-bonding structure in spirits. These salts in spirits appear to have come from water added to spirits prior to bottling. The stimulative taste of ethanol in spirits may be affected by several salts in water. Water has been proven to be a crucial element that has a significant impact on the quality of spirits.

Author(S) Details

Akira Nose
Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Hiroshima Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACS-V6/article/view/4351

Impact of Alcohol Exposure on the Composition of HeLa-Derived Extracellular Vesicles | Chapter 14 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 Extracellular vesicles are nanosized vesicles whose function in intercellular communication is being studied extensively. Extracellular vesicles are being studied for their potential as disease biomarkers and/or vaccine agents, as well as their function in disease defence. Since cervical cancer has such a high mortality rate, more research about how to diagnose and treat the disease is required. Several researchers have begun to look into extracellular vesicles and their function in disease defence in this regard. The aim of this study was to see how alcohol affected the biogenesis and composition of extracellular vesicles derived from the HeLa cervical cancer cell line. HeLa cells were cultured in exosome-free media and either mock-treated (control) or treated with 50 mM or 100 mM alcohol for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Alcohol has an important effect on HeLa cell viability and exosome biogenesis/composition, according to our findings. Our findings show that alcohol has a significant impact on HeLa cells, as well as the biogenesis and composition of HeLa-derived extracellular vesicles. These findings show that alcohol affects the packaging of heat shock proteins and apoptotic proteins in extracellular vesicles. Extracellular vesicles are both communicators for HeLa cells and biomarkers for the disease's onset and progression. The research results may have significant effects on diagnostics and therapy for a variety of cell types and organ systems, as HeLa cells were used as the primary model in this study. To elucidate the mechanism(s) involved in these processes, further research is needed.

Author (s) Details

Leandra B. Jones
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Sanjay Kumar
Department of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Aliyah J. Curry
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA and Center for Nanobiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Jayde S. Price
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA and Center for Nanobiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Alexandre Krendelchtchikov
Department of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Brennetta J. Crenshaw
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Courtnee’ R. Bell
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Sparkle D. Williams
Department of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Tambre A. Tolliver
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Sabita N. Saldanha
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

Brian Sims
Department of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Qiana L. Matthews
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA and Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPMB-V5/article/view/877

Histopathological Effects of Gordon Dry Gin (Moringa Citrus Blend) Induce Adenomatous Hyperplasia in Female Sprague Dawley Rats | Chapter 15 | Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 4

Objectives: This study aim to investigate the histopathological effects of binge consumed Gordon’s dry gin moringa citrus blend on the uterus of adult female dawley Sprague rats. Materials: Fifty female rats (weighing range; 120±2.6 g - 250±3.5 g) were divided into four groups (A, B and C & D). Group A, B, C (15 animals each) were orally administered with Gordon’s dry gin moringa citrus blend, 43% ethanol, and 200 mg/kg moringa extract, respectively, while Group D (5 animals) did not receive any treatment and was used as negative control. In groups A, B, and C, five animals were sacrificed on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of administration, whereas animals of group D were sacrificed on day 21. The uterus of each rat was harvested, processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin solution for histological analysis. Results: Results of the study revealed histological alterations in the uterus of treated animals. Such alterations include adenomatous hyperplasia and cystic hyperplasia. Conclusion: The oral administration of gordon’s dry gin moringa citrus and moringa extract at 200 mg/kg induced cystic and adenomatous hyperplasia in rat uterus, inferring that both gordon dry gin and moringa might yield antifertility activity.

Author(s) Details

 E. U. Eric
 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wiberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/212