Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Poly (Acrylamide-co-vinyl imidazole) Based Self-Healing Hydrogel for Supercapacitor Applications and Moisture Determination: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Functional Evaluation (Part-II) | Chapter 8 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 9

 

Hydrogels’ self-healing process involves reconstructing the damaged network structure, which is typically mediated by the reversible interactions among the polymer chains. A number of approaches have been employed to fabricate self-healing hydrogels. These include hydrogen bonding, host-guest recognition, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic associations, metal-ligand coordination, dynamic covalent bonds, etc. This chapter describes the physical entanglements between carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) chains and poly (acrylamide-co-vinyl imidazole)(poly(AAm-co-VI), which resulted in a unique solid hydrogel electrolyte(SHE) material with highly controllable properties. The SHE was synthesised by carrying out free radical co-polymerisation of monomer Acrylamide and vinyl imidazole in the presence of dissolved CMC at 40 °C. The SHE was characterised using rheological, mechanical, adhesion, and electrochemical techniques. The SHE showed an excellent self-healing property, as confirmed by the “LED glowing” experiment, and the ‘self-healed ‘material recovered 78% of its original elongation capacity. The freshly prepared SHE, when put on a copper surface, required a Detachment Pressure (DP) of 864 Pa, while a fairly high DP of 8909 Pa was required after 24 h of contact. The SHE sample was highly flexible and regained its shape after knotting, folding and twisting. The hydrogel also exhibited shape memory property. Finally, the samples SHE-I and SHE-IV (containing 0 and 4 ml glycerol per 40 ml of film-forming solution) were charged using a 12-volt battery for 2 min and then employed to glow an LED bulb as well as run an alarm clock. It was found that the sample SHE-I was able to glow the LED bulb for almost 55 min, while the sample SHE-IV successfully lit the LED for almost 357 min. Similarly, a small alarm clock was run by the two SHE systems for 118 and 838 min respectively. The hydrogel sample SHE-IV, loaded with glycerol and the sample SHE-V, loaded with the salt ZnCl2 demonstrated excellent anti-freezing behavior by maintaining the electrical connectivity in the circuit even at -25oC. Finally, the sample SHE-I was prepared with a highly porous texture and used as a “Gravimetric Analyzer for Humidity Monitoring” (GAHM). The moisture absorption-desorption capacity of GAHM was tested by putting it before a hot air blower for 600 s, followed by its immediate transfer in RH atmosphere of 75%. It attained the Equilibrium mass within a short period of 600 s. Owing to hydrogen-bonding interactions and mutual polymer-chain entanglements, the SHE possesses self-healing, shape memory, adhesiveness, and flexibility. It also functions as a rechargeable supercapacitor, which lasts longer in the presence of glycerol.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Deepika Dubey
Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India.

 

S. K. Bajpai
Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India.

 

Manjula Bajpai
Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v9/7031

Vaginal Agglutination: A Rare Case study in Reproductive Age Group | Chapter 3 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 The study are newsgathering a case of labial agglutination in a female patient who is 22 age old on account of its unusual presentation and a special approach to cure in this age range, where the patient has existed suffering since babyhood. Labial agglutination is a incomplete or complete adhesion of the minor labia. It frequently influences prepubescent or postmenopausal women and is mixed by low oestrogen levels. Labial agglutination is exceptional since women in the generative age range have high amounts of oestrogen. After a inclusive clinical examination, far-reaching history-taking as well necessary workshop and imaging tests, we were able to create the right diagnosis, that was then treated accompanying expert surgery. Her abnormal vestibular makeup was treated at this moment method without some complications. The patient had medical procedure, or labial adhesiolysis, utilizing our usual hysteroscope light and camcorder technique. Labial adhesion maybe addressed surgically and therapeutically, nevertheless each patient's condition is different, and treatments can range from minimally obtrusive surgery to far-reaching skilled surgery.

Author(s) Details:

Vineet Mishra,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Smit Bharat Solanki,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V9/article/view/12251

Cultivation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Synthetic Polyelectrolyte Nanofilms | Chapter 6 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 7

 This study demonstrates the potential of using synthetic polyelectrolyte nanofilms for efficient adhesion and mesenchymal stem cell culturing in both animals and humans (MSCs). The characteristics of single-layer and multilayer synthetic films' development and cytotoxic effects were discovered. It has been demonstrated that the characteristics of the surface these cells come into direct contact with during cultivation matter to MSCs. Under deprivation conditions, single-layer polyethyleneimine (PEI) films with immobilised growth factors produce the best outcomes for MSC development, which may be crucial for cell treatment.  

Author(s) Details:

Dmitriy A. Reshetnikov,
Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Maria G. Fomkina,
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Lyudmila M. Mezhevikina,
Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V7/article/view/8045

The Importance of Measuring Mechanical Features of Red Blood Cells in their Natural Environment | Chapter 6 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 3

Little is known about the parameters apparent Young's modulus (Ea) or adhesion of animal RBCs with specific biological properties, except from human red blood cells (RBCs), which are a frequent model in single cell force spectroscopy (SCFS). We looked at RBCs from chicken, horses, camels, and human foetuses in order to close this knowledge gap, comparing the findings to information from human adults. The discovered species-specific values might be used as a database for additional study. The initial goal of the study was to examine the biomechanical properties of specific animal RBCs that were employed as representative models for various phenotypical traits using a comparative methodology. The second study's goal was to acquire these qualities primarily under physiological circumstances (at body temperature in autologous plasma) and to contrast the results with measurements in aqueous NaCl solution at 25°C under streamlined circumstances. We were curious to see if the pattern of change in biomechanical qualities was the same across all of the RBC phenotypes we evaluated or if other, species-specific inferences had to be made. Results: No matter the suspension medium, all RBC types had a drop in Ea as temperature rose. In mammalian RBCs, adhesion increased as the temperature rose and scaled with the amount of reported membrane sialic acid. Only in chicken did adhesion decline with rising temperature, which we attribute to a lower AE-1 concentration that allowed for more membrane undulations. Ea decreased in plasma at each test temperature, and adhesion disappeared entirely, showing functional cell expansion due to plasma component adsorption on the surface of the RBC. This elastic (solid-like) surface layer affected RBC interaction with the flowing plasma as well as increasing RBC size by hundreds of nanometers. It is stated how crucial the surface layer is for horse RBCs. We also discovered that the shape, rather than the Ea of RBCs, has a stronger effect on the shear-thinning tendency of bulk blood samples in shear flow. The study proves that an RBC surface layer exists and investigates the key distinctions between probing RBCs in physiological circumstances and evaluating cells in basic buffer.

Author(s) Details:

Dina Baier,
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria and Decentralized Biomedical Facilities, Core Unit Laboratory Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Medical University Vienna, Austria.

Ursula Windberger,
bDecentralized Biomedical Facilities, Core Unit Laboratory Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Medical University Vienna, Austria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V3/article/view/7500

Hydrophobic Coating Based on Modified Low Molecular Weight Polyethylene and Atactic Polypropylene| Chapter 5 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol. 1

Polyethylene and polypropylene manufacture produce low molecular weight polyethylene and atactic polypropylene, which are multi-tonnage by-products. One of the most essential environmental problems is to solve the problem of their practical application or disposal. The goal of this paper is to provide a theoretical rationale and recommendations for the practical application of low-molecular-weight polyethylene and atactic polypropylene in the field of moisture protection for various materials. The findings of research into chemical compounds based on modified low-molecular-weight polyethylene and atactic polypropylene for use as hydrophobic and anticorrosive protection for wood, concrete, and steel are reported. Thermal oxidation was used to change the properties of polymers. Water absorption indicators, wetting edge angles, and adhesive strength values of the protective polymer layer to the surface of the samples were all determined. The preliminary development of the texture by applying a pattern to the surface or treating it with low-temperature plasma, followed by the application of a protective coating, is proven to increase the hydrophobic qualities of the suggested compositions using the example of wood. It is suggested a kinetic equation for moisture diffusion in the volume of a capillary-porous wood structure. X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy were used to highlight the structural properties of changed polymer compositions. It is proposed that the investigated compositions be used as water-repellent agents to protect various materials and goods based on them from moisture and environmental corrosive effects.

Author(s) Details:

N. N. Debelova,
Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

N. P. Gorlenko,
Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

Yu. S. Sarkisov,
Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V1/article/view/6763

Synlabia after Severe Monilia Infections: A Case Report and Literature Review | Chapter 11 | Innovations in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 A 25-year-old woman presented with acute urine retention with overflow 6 months after an inadequate

treatment of severe monilia infections. Examination revealed complete adhesion between both labia
majora. Division of adhesion was done with reconstruction by labial flap. Complete recovery was
achieved with good cosmetic outcome.

Conclusion: Labial adhesions whatever their severity is can be surgically divided with complete
correction by locally designed flap to reconstruct the introuitus with rapid recovery, good healing, and
good cosmetic outcome.

Author(s) Details

Samia M. A. Saied
Department of Plastic Surgery, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

View Book:- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/243