Cultivation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Synthetic Polyelectrolyte Nanofilms | Chapter 6 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 7

 This study demonstrates the potential of using synthetic polyelectrolyte nanofilms for efficient adhesion and mesenchymal stem cell culturing in both animals and humans (MSCs). The characteristics of single-layer and multilayer synthetic films' development and cytotoxic effects were discovered. It has been demonstrated that the characteristics of the surface these cells come into direct contact with during cultivation matter to MSCs. Under deprivation conditions, single-layer polyethyleneimine (PEI) films with immobilised growth factors produce the best outcomes for MSC development, which may be crucial for cell treatment.  

Author(s) Details:

Dmitriy A. Reshetnikov,
Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Maria G. Fomkina,
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Lyudmila M. Mezhevikina,
Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V7/article/view/8045

Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Innovative and Advantageous Resource for Bone Regeneration | Chapter 01 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 Tissue engineering using stem cells is a viable therapy option for people with bone abnormalities. Mesenchymal stromal cells of various origins have been widely investigated and used in orthopaedics.

Opinions are still divided. Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are routinely used in clinical practise, new research suggests that mesenchymal stromal cells from extra-embryonic tissues, such as amniotic fluid, could be a more inventive and beneficial resource for bone repair. The use of cells from amniotic fluid poses no ethical issues and gives a large number of cells without invasive treatments. Furthermore, unlike pluripotent stem cells, they do not grow into teratomas after transplantation. They are attractive candidates for bone regeneration medicine because of their multipotent differentiation ability, minimal immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory characteristics.

We present an overview of the current state-of-the-art of amniotic fluid-derived cells' osteogenic capacity, as well as the various techniques available to promote bone regeneration. We focused on the tactics used to improve in vitro osteogenesis to highlight the current development in this sector. Importantly, a thorough understanding of the activity of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells and their osteogenic potential is desirable in the context of bone regenerative medicine.

Author(S) Details

Caterina Pipino
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Ilaria Cappellacci
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Letizia Pelusi
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Nadia Di Pietrantonio
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Domitilla Mandatori
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Natalia Di Pietro
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Assunta Pandolfi
Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), StemTeCh Group, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

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The Determination of Inactivated Platelet Lysate Supports the Proliferation and Immunomodulant Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in GMP Culture Conditions | Chapter 10 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 7

 Marine crabs are a rich source of bioactive chemicals with pharmacological capabilities, and antibacterial efficacy against clinically important infections has been established. The antibacterial activity of solvent extracts of different tissues and hemolymph lectin of Atergatis integerrimus against four fish and human pathogenic bacteria and four fungal pathogens is investigated in this study. E. coli was sensitive to the majority of the solvent extracts, while Enterococcus faecalis was particularly sensitive to the chloroform extract of the carapace and the butanol extract of the hemolymph. With butanol extract of entire body against Streptococcus mutans and Bacillus subtilis, the maximum zone of inhibition was recorded. The butanol extract of ovary, whole body, and crude hemolymph showed the greatest zone of inhibition against Vibrio harveyi when evaluated against the diverse tissue extracts. The acetone and ethylacetate extracts of hepatopancreas were toxic to Aeromonas hydrophila. The growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger was suppressed by butanol extracts from various tissues. Candida albicans growth was inhibited to considerable extent by chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol extracts. Almost all of the tissue extracts tested were resistant to Pencillium notatum. Based on preliminary research, a small number of pathogenic bacteria and fungi were chosen to investigate the effect of the pure lectin of Atergatis integerrimus, and antimicrobial activity was observed in all pathogens tested at a concentration of 100 g. As a result of our research, we can conclude that the tissue extract contains bioactive chemicals that particularly target pathogenic microorganisms, and that the isolated lectin, a crab defence molecule, has antimicrobial properties as well.

Author(S) Details

Katia Mareschi
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Sara Castiglia
Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Aloe Adamini
Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Deborah Rustichelli
Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Elena Marini
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy.

Alessia Giovanna Santa Banche Niclot
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy.

Massimiliano Bergallo
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy.

Luciana Labanca
Blood Component Production and Validation Center, City of Health and Science of Turin, S. Anna Hospital, 10126, Turin, Italy.

Ivana Ferrero
Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

Franca Fagioli
Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126, Torino, Italy.

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In vitro Generation of Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using α –MEM and DMEM | Chapter 12 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

 MEM and DMEM are the basic media for cell culture. When compared to DMEM, -MEM has a lower and more optimal concentration of glucose and amino acids. In this study, we compared the effects of these two media on the quantity, viability, and immunophenotyping of AD-MSC. The adipose tissue was extracted from the anterior abdominal wall of healthy, willing donors. It was divided into two tissue culture flasks with culture medium, one with -MEM and the other with DMEM. After incubating with collagenase-I, the pellet was resuspended in centrifuge tubes with phosphate buffered saline and divided into six equal parts. In 6-well plates, each set was incubated separately for in-vitro generation. The media was replenished on alternate days, with no passaging. Every third day, one well from each set was harvested using trypsinization. Flow cytometry was used to assess sterility, quantity, viability, and immunophenotyping (CD45-/90+/73+). We compared the maximum total cell count, viability, CD45-CD90+, and CD45-CD73+ population in -MEM to that in DMEM.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Aruna V. Vanikar
Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC), Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India and Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC), Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of
Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India.

Dr. Chetan N. Patel
Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC), Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India.

Dr. Kunal S. Gupte
Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC), Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India.

Umang G. Thakkar
Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre (IKDRC), Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India.

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