Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Across Species: A Fatal Hereditary Neurodegenerative Disease | Chapter 3 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a rare, fatal inherited lysosomal storage disease characterised by progressive neurodegeneration and intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment in neurons and other body cells. It is caused by pathogenic mutations of genes. Currently there are 14 forms of NCL designated as CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, CLN4, CLN5, CLN6, CLN7, CLN8, CLN9, CLN10, CLN11, CLN12, CLN13, and CLN14. Defects in different genes are the basis of the various forms of NCL. This chapter provides a review of the current knowledge on NCL, particularly the aetiology, transmission, epidemiology, predisposing factors, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, control, and treatment of the disease. It also outlines some challenges or gaps in current NCL research, discusses the significance of research findings in the broader context of neurodegenerative diseases, and recommends the way forward towards control of NCL.

 

Author (s) Details

Seleman Nasib Masola
Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI), Southern Highlands Zone, P.O. Box 6191, Mbeya, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v1/5314

 

Introduction: Background, Aetiology and Pathogenesis | Chapter 1 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

This chapter serves to briefly introduce this book. It has four sections: a background that provides some history about the pandemic, a brief account of the aetiology of the disease, the pathogenesis and a conclusion

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Mbwas Isaac Mashor
Morbid Anatomy Department, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Richard Kelechi Samuel
Histopathology Department, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja FCT, Nigeria.

 

Ugochukwu Anthony Eze
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria and Honorary Supervisor University of Edinburgh Masters of Surgery Program in Clinical Ophthalmology, United Kingdom.

 

Simji Samuel Gomerep
Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jos / Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH1

Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach | Book Publisher International

 

As the book title implies, this is a review of the Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 from the lenses of different specialists in human medicine. The aim of this work was to provide a one-stop documentation of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Ugochukwu Anthony Eze
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria and Honorary Supervisor University of Edinburgh Masters of Surgery Program in Clinical Ophthalmology, United Kingdom.

 

Khadija Abimbola Abdulraheem
Department of Medical Microbiology, National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

 

Oladimeji Adebayo
Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/ Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Simji Samuel Gomerep
Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH0

Assessment of Microbial Etiology of Febrile Neutropenia | Chapter 20 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

 Bacterial and fungal contaminations are a leading cause of melancholy and mortality in neutropenic patients. The practical antimicrobial regimen is preferred based on the susceptibleness pattern of locally prevalent pathogens. Blood and added clinical samples from 64 febrile neutropenic sufferers with clinical infection of blood have been treated to ascertain the bacterial and fungal range and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A case-control study was used to identify risk determinants for developing infection of blood.A total of 68 organisms were cured. Fifteen (22.05%) were Gram-positive cocci with reign of methicillin Sensitive S. aureus (10.29%), 47 (69.11%) were Gramnegative rods with reign of Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.88%) and four were Non albicans Candida. 81% and 60% of Klebsiella and E. coli were ESBL producers. All variety of Candida were sensitive to amphoterecin B and voriconazole. The event and severity of neutropenia, chemotherapy, immunosuppressive analysis, altered mucosal hurdles, and the existence of main venous lines were all statistically significant risk factors for cultivating sepsis. Gram-negative microorganisms were the most accepted isolates. Amongst the fungal isolates, non-albicans candida spp. were predominant. The selection of remedy for neutropenic patients concede possibility be based on the local range of microbes as well as local and local resistance patterns.

Author(s) Details:

Swati Mudshingkar,
Department of Microbiology, PCMC’s PG Institute and YCM Hospital, Pimpri Pune, India.

Gita Natraj,
Department of Microbiology, Seth GSMC & KEMH, Mumbai, India.

Sujata Bavej,
Department of Microbiology, LTMC & sion Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Preeti Mehta,
Department of Microbiology, Seth GSMC & KEMH, Mumbai, India.

Farah Jijina,
Department of Hematology, Seth GSMC & KEMH, Mumbai, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V7/article/view/10126

Study on Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (PAI): Experience in a Major Teaching Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | Chapter 7 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in children is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Weakness, weariness, anorexia, abdominal pain, weight loss, orthostatic hypotension, salt desire, and hyperpigmentation are some of the current symptoms.

The goal of this research was to determine the cause of PAI in a big referral, teaching hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Procedures: This is a retrospective hospital-based study that took place between January 1989 and December 2014 at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH). Medical records of a patient diagnosed with primary adrenal insufficiency were reviewed. The diagnosis was made based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and low glucocorticoid levels and elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone levels (ACTH). The results of appropriate laboratory and radiographic tests were also examined.

Results: A total of 125 individuals with primary adrenal insufficiency were seen between January 1989 and December 2014. 85.5 percent of the participants had inherited diseases such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia and hypoplasia. Variable autoimmune-mediated etiologic diagnosis, which accounted for 13% of the cases, was also seen. Various laboratory and radiological investigations should be planned as needed.

Conclusion: Although congenital adrenal hyperplasia was the most common cause, congenital adrenal hypoplasia should also be considered. In some cases, determining the presence of PAI can be difficult, hence suitable serological testing is recommended.

Author (S) Details

N. A. Al-Jurayyan
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V10/article/view/3506

Acute Kidney Injury in Children: A 3-Year Retrospective Analysis at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana| Chapter 5 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 14

 Background/Aims: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a fairly common condition seen in pediatric practice. It continues to be a significant contributor to preventable deaths, particularly in resource-constrained regions of the world, owing to a lack of dialysis services. AKI continues to be a major cause of death in critically ill children. Aetiology, medical setting, co-morbidities, and the availability of dialysis therapy all influence mortality outcomes. The purpose of this three-year data analysis (2010-2012) was to determine the aetiology and treatment/mortality outcomes of children with AKI who presented to a Teaching Hospital in Ghana.

Out of a total of 664 renal cases, 206 cases of AKI were recorded over the course of the study. The most common causes of AKI were hemoglobinuria, obstructive uropathy, and tumor infiltration of the kidneys (37.8 percent ). Diarrhoea accounted for 9.2 percent of cases, with glomerulonephritides accounting for 12.1 percent. Seventy-one (34.5%) of the 206 AKI cases required dialysis, which could only be provided to 25 (35.2%) of them, 16 (64%) of whom survived. 43 children (20.9 percent) died, while 144 (69.9 percent) survived. Thirty-one (72%) of the patients who died required dialysis. Conclusion: When compared to previous studies conducted around the world, there is a significant burden of AKI among hospitalized children in Kumasi, Ghana. Most cases of AKI were caused by haemoglobinuria and tumor-related conditions, rather than diarrhoea-associated conditions and postinfectious glomerulonephritis, as previously reported or postulated. The majority of AKI deaths were caused by a lack of dialysis services. Peritoneal dialysis should be promoted throughout Africa to prevent unnecessary deaths from AKI due to its lower technical requirements when compared to other modalities of renal replacement therapy.

Author (S) Details

Prof. Sampson Antwi
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

Anima Sarfo
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

Abigail Amoah
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

Anna Serwaa Appia
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

Esther Obeng
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V14/article/view/1651

Five Year Retrospective Study on Keloid Management: Critical Overview | Chapter 6 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

Aim: Keloid morbidity is mostly associated with the psychosocial effects of the cosmetically unsightly scars. The study was carried out to highlight the availability of different treatment modalities and the effectiveness of our treatment strategies.  Materials and Methods: A 5 year retrospective study of all patients treated with keloid from March 2012 to February 2017. In this study all patients with keloids attending the plastic surgery clinic at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi and Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi and receiving any form of treatment were included.  Results: Thirty one patients were included in our study. Keloids represented 7.2% of benign skin lesions. Keloids were twice more common in females than males. Young patients particularly belonging to the 21–30 year old group were mostly affected. Head and neck area was the predominantly affected anatomic site. All patients received some form of treatment and most (90.3%) were treated with the combination of surgery and intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with excellent results. Recurrence was noted in 25.8% of patients.     Conclusion: our study highlights the excellent results of the combination of surgery. With intralesional triamcinolone acetonide, even in patients with difficult keloids like patients from African descent.

Author(s) Details

Dr. P. Denen Akaa 
Department of Surgery, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr N. C. Ahachi
Department of Surgery, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. E. Agada  
Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/203