The Common Open Non-mesh-based Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Review | Chapter 2 |Medical Science: Updates and Prospects Vol. 1

 The open non-mesh-based inguinal hernia repairs are rarely performed now since the introduction of the Lichtenstein repair. The most common non-mesh-based inguinal hernia repairs include the Shouldice repair, the Bassini repair, and the Desarda repair. Knowledge of how to perform these procedures is important if the standard mesh-based repairs, like the Lichtenstein repair, are contraindicated. In this review, we will look at the Shouldice repair, the Bassini repair, and the Desarda repair, looking at their complications and comparing them with the mesh-based repairs.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Kumar H.R.
Department of Surgery, Taylor’s University School of Medicine and Health Science, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msup/v1/6496  

Current Approaches to the Management of Recurrent Inguinal Hernias: A Review | Chapter 5 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 11

Recurrence of inguinal hernias after repair is a problem in the surgical management of this condition. The management of recurrent inguinal hernia remains an area of concern, with the choice of surgical repair dictated by the primary repair performed. The principle of management is that if an anterior approach is performed, then the recurrence is repaired with a posterior approach, and vice versa. The aim here is to repair the hernia in a clean, adhesion-free anatomical plane. A literature review was conducted using PUBMED, Cochrane database of clinical reviews, and Google Scholar, focusing on clinical trials, observational studies, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses from 1995 to 2025. The common approaches include the laparoscopic repairs, like the transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and total extraperitoneal (TEP). The open pre-peritoneal repair can also be performed for recurrent inguinal hernias. This review discusses the various surgical procedures that are performed for recurrent inguinal hernias and the risk factors for recurrence. The optimal management of recurrent inguinal hernias depends on the initial repair technique. For recurrences after a Lichtenstein repair, a pre-peritoneal approach (open or laparoscopic) is preferred, while recurrences after laparoscopic repair are best managed with an anterior approach. Final surgical choice should be guided by surgeon expertise and senior consultation.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Kumar H.R
School of Medicine and Health Science, Taylor's University, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v11/6299

Ameloblastoma: A Report of Two Cases | Chapter 2 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 7

 

Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing locally aggressive, benign odontogenic epithelium with a greater tendency for recurrence and involves aggressive bone loss and teeth. It is believed to be derived from cell rests of the enamel organ, either remnants of the dental lamina or Hertwig's sheath, the epithelial rest of Malassez. An Unicystic Ameloblastoma (UA) represents an ameloblastoma variant, that's a cyst. They are often related to an unerupted third molar, with a peak incidence within the third and fourth decade of life.

 

The most common site of preference is the mandibular molar and ramus area than the anterior and premolar region. The article presents two case series of unicystic ameloblastoma of a 25-year-old female who had a localized swelling in the left side of the mandible which resembled a keratocystic odontogenic tumor clinically and radiographically. Based on histopathological examination the final diagnosis was unicystic ameloblastoma with the mural pattern. The second case report presented a 32-year-old female with a diffuse swelling in the left lower jaw which histopathologically revealed ameloblastoma with the plexiform variant. An incisional biopsy was done to get a definitive diagnosis for both cases. A postoperative panoramic radiograph was taken and was found to be satisfactory in both cases. The case series presented certain unique features of female predilection and a multilocular variant with mural and plexiform pattern unicystic ameloblastoma. Both patients were surgically managed more conservatively with enucleation and cauterization as cystic types are found to be less aggressive compared to solid variants of ameloblastoma. They were on a regular follow period postoperatively. It can be concluded that unicystic ameloblastoma with a mural growth pattern has a tendency for recurrence if inadequately managed surgically. Proper management avoids the propensity of recurrence rate.

 

Author (s) Details

Gayathri Devi M.
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, India.

 

Bakyalakshmi K.
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, India.

 

Cap Regu P.
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, India.

 

Vijayakumar P
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v7/1971

The Effectiveness of Surgical Appendectomy in Curing the Right Lower Quadrant Abdomen Pain | Chapter 12 | Advanced Concepts in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

This phase aims to investigate the act of Surgical Appendectomy to treat the chronic pain in the right lower quadrant accompanying the selected case. Incessant right-lower-quadrant intestinal pain is very common among increasing population. This practical experiment was done in Mahatma Gandhi Healing College and Research Institute accompanying 212 selected cases. The picked year for the observational study was in 'tween January 2014 and August 2015. The subjects with dispassionate diagnosis of chronic RLQ pain and meeting with appendicectomy were exposed in this place study. Statistical reasoning of the observation was carried out utilizing SPSS version 19.0 (IBM SPSS, US) operating system with Regression Modules. Explanatory analyses were stated as mean and standard deviation of unending variables. Paired t test and independent t test were used to resolve the data. As per the judgments, out of 212 cases intentional, the maximum numbers of patients were in the age group 31-40 age (24.52%). Additionally, within study total of 35 cases with clinically judged appendicitis (17 cases) and cases with pain persisting or reappearing in right lower abdomen (18 cases) over a ending of 6 weeks or more were assessed. Moreover, seventeen (94.44%) cases from right lower abdomen pain group had pain aid after appendicectomy. Of 82 (100%) subjects who underwent appendicectomy, about 79 cases (96.34%) of the selected things were completely pain free, and only 3 (3.66%) cases destitute experienced any bettering after electoral appendicectomy. There was no humanness. Out of 82 patients, 52 (63.41%) sufferers had pathological signs of appendicitis and 30 (36.59 %) cases showed the normal addendum.

Author(s) Details:

Aalok Mohanty,
Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACMMR-V8/article/view/12839

Clinical and Paraclinical Factors Implicated in the Recurrence of Benign Jaw Tumors; A 10-Year Assessment Study | Chapter 2 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 This phase evaluates the framework of a case control study, dispassionate and paraclinical features involved in or that signal the recurrence of mild tumors.  The jaw bones can develop the alike types of tumors as the other cartilages of the body but concede possibility also develop tumors emergent from the alveolar processes (epulis) and the developing dentition (odontomes).  Odontogenic and non-odontogenic benign jaw tumours and swelling-like swellings of the jaws can be famous. The sort of medical procedure performed or the lump's histological type may have donated to its frequency.We carried out a case control study all along the period from January 2010 to April 2020 in the wholes of Stomatology and maxillofacial surgery, radiology and study of plants units of Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé Central Hospital and Yaoundé Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Our study registered 253 files of patients the one were diagnosed accompanying benign jaw tumors, 127 were contained in the study of which 38 were expelled because their files contained lacking information and those the one had neither radiological nor histological work ups.We kept 89 study participants accompanying a recurrence rate of 7.51%. In our study, we had 61.8% women and 38.2% males accompanying a sex percentage of 0.62. In our study 88.51% of patients were considered using a conservative medicine while 11.49% of patients were discussed using a radical situation.The radiographic tumour aspect, fang preservation, type of induced sleep, placement at the angle and ramus of the jaw, and histomorphology (ameloblastic fibroma and osteoma) were all statistically significant predictors of frequency. There are a number of clinical and paraclinical variables that are connected to the recurrence of jaw tumours. These variables can aid in foreseeing recurrences and, as a result, lower the difficulties that create delayed medicine.

Author(s) Details:

Zilefac Brian Ngokwe,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Edouma Bohimbo Jacques,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Bola Antoine Siafa,
Department of Ophthalmology, ENT and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Ntep Ntep David Bienvenue,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Mballa Amougou Jean Claude,
Radiology and Medical Imaging Unit, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.

Nokam Kamdem Stephane,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Kouamou Tchiekou Audrey,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Sando Zacharie,
Department of Morphological Sciences and Morbid Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

 

Bengondo Messanga Charles,
Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V8/article/view/11733

Comparative Genomic Diversity of Clostridium Difficile during Sequential Recurrences of Infections: A Review | Chapter 5 | Innovations in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 2

 Clostridium difficile is a new developing infectious pathogen that can invade both animals and humans' digestive tracts. The amount of gene conservation in C. difficile is low. As a result, antibiotic treatment has been found to be successful in 15-30% of patients. For the first time, we compiled current information on C. difficile drug resistance genotypes, including sporulation and motility methods, growth appropriateness, antibiotic susceptibility, and whole-genome sequencing, in this review. The use of PCR allows doctors to confirm that the recurrences were caused by a combination of old (relapse) and new strains (reinfection). Our research found a consistent difference across genotypes, indicating that DNA gene mutations are widespread in antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Our findings show that antibiotic resistance exerts selective pressure on C. difficile genome evolution, potentially resulting in more adaptable drug-resistant strains. This discovery could pave the way for further research into the mechanism of C. difficile antibiotic resistance and the development of novel medicines. However, further study is needed to understand how C. difficile genomic diversity has altered as a result of the transition from molecular typing to total-genome sequence comparisons and comparative genome microarrays.

Author(S) Details

Ihsanullah Shirani
The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and 2College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Centre of Substantial Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and 3Para-Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad 2601, Afghanistan.

Marawan A. Marawan
The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and 2College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Centre of Substantial Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and 4Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qualyobia 13511, Egypt.

Najibullah Rahimi
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad 2601, Afghanistan.

Ali Dawood
The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Centre of Substantial Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Infectious Diseases, Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32511, Egypt.

Aizhen Guo
The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. and College of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Innovation Centre of Substantial Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. National Animal Tuberculosis Para-Reference Laboratory (Wuhan) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IMB-V2/article/view/4717

Five Year Retrospective Study on Keloid Management: Critical Overview | Chapter 6 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

Aim: Keloid morbidity is mostly associated with the psychosocial effects of the cosmetically unsightly scars. The study was carried out to highlight the availability of different treatment modalities and the effectiveness of our treatment strategies.  Materials and Methods: A 5 year retrospective study of all patients treated with keloid from March 2012 to February 2017. In this study all patients with keloids attending the plastic surgery clinic at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi and Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi and receiving any form of treatment were included.  Results: Thirty one patients were included in our study. Keloids represented 7.2% of benign skin lesions. Keloids were twice more common in females than males. Young patients particularly belonging to the 21–30 year old group were mostly affected. Head and neck area was the predominantly affected anatomic site. All patients received some form of treatment and most (90.3%) were treated with the combination of surgery and intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with excellent results. Recurrence was noted in 25.8% of patients.     Conclusion: our study highlights the excellent results of the combination of surgery. With intralesional triamcinolone acetonide, even in patients with difficult keloids like patients from African descent.

Author(s) Details

Dr. P. Denen Akaa 
Department of Surgery, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr N. C. Ahachi
Department of Surgery, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. E. Agada  
Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/203