In 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention prioritized vaccination for mentally ill individuals as psychiatric illness was added to the list of COVID-19 risk factors. Currently, there are very few studies on mRNA vaccine efficacy in patients with SPI in treatment with psychotropic drugs. The messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for COVID-19, Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, were authorized in the US on an emergency basis in December of 2020. The rapid distribution of these therapeutics around the country and the world led to millions of people being vaccinated in a short time span, an action that decreased hospitalization and death but also heightened the concerns about adverse effects and drug-vaccine interactions.
Both psychotropic drugs, especially phenothiazines, and the
COVID-19 mRNA vaccine enter cells via the endocytic pathway and may compete for
this ingress pathway. In this chapter,
the modified mRNA therapeutics through the endocytic labyrinth and beyond,
showing the events that must occur at each step to lead to the formation of
neutralizing antibodies against the S(pike) protein, were followed.
The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) has gained
additional attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically regarding the
rollout of mRNA therapeutics. However, for VAERS, the absence of a reporting
platform for drug-vaccine interactions left these events poorly defined. For
example, chemotherapy, anticonvulsants, and antimalarials were documented to
interfere with the mRNA vaccines, but much less is known about the other drugs
that could interact with these therapeutics, causing adverse events or
decreased efficacy. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 exploitation of host cytochrome
P450 enzymes, reported in COVID-19 critical illness, highlights viral
interference with drug metabolism. For example, patients with severe
psychiatric illness (SPI) in treatment with clozapine often displayed elevated
drug levels, emphasizing drug-vaccine interaction. More studies are needed to
assess the interaction between the major classes of psychotropic drugs,
including antipsychotics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers, with the mRNA
therapeutics.
Author
(s) Details
Adonis Sfer
Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States and Department of
Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States.
Sabine Hazan
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside,
CA, United States.
Jonathan J. Anton
Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States and Department of
Biology, California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, United States.
Dan O. Sfera
Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States.
Christina V.
Andronescu
Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United
States.
Sarvin Sasannia
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Leah Rahman
Department of Medicine, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States.
Zisis Kozlakidis
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v5/5088
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