Cutting Tool Wear Prediction with Taylor’s Equation in Aspen Wood Longitudinal Milling | Chapter 6 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

 

Taylor's Equation has proven utility for determining the lifetime of cutting tools in the machining of metal. Whereas, Taylor's Equation is not widespread for the prediction of wear of wood machining tools due to the lack of appropriate coefficients of the Equation. A computer numerical control machine was used for conventional longitudinal milling of aspen (Populus tremula L.) wood with cutter knives of high-alloy tool steel X150CrMo12 according to European standard EN 10027-1:2016 on the cutter head. Changes in the surface roughness characterized the wear phases of the cutting tool at two different values of cutting velocity were obtained depending on the length of the cutting trajectory as it is more appropriate for forecasting tool wear compared to the time of cutting because the time depends on the feed speed. Research showed that the achievable length of cutting trajectory until the critical wear phase increases approximately two times from 45000 to 96000 m per tooth when cutting velocity is increased from 20 to 40 m s-1. The equation to predict the achievable length of cutting trajectory was obtained depending on the cutting velocity–the main factor affecting tools wear the most. It was noted that also other parameters of the cutting regime mostly the angular parameters of the cutter, feed speed, chip thickness and cutting depth are affecting the tool wear and must be included in the Equation in future research.

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Andis Abele
Institute of Civil Engineering and Woodworking, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1798

The Rise of FinTech in India: Adoption, Integration, and Future Prospects | Chapter 5 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

Technological progress and innovation, which will also support new, disruptive business models in the financial services sector, are the cornerstones of fintech development. "FinTech" (Financial Technology) refers to a broad array of software and innovative technologies that companies use to deliver automated and improved financial services. India, leading in global FinTech adoption with over 6,636 businesses, has one of the world's fastest-growing FinTech markets. The country has achieved significant advancements in digital payments, with over 5.7 billion transactions monthly, totaling around $2 trillion. In 2020, India surpassed the combined real-time online transactions of the US, UK, and China with 25.5 billion transactions. This chapter examines various aspects of the FinTech sector in India, including challenges faced by major companies such as the unbanked population, regulatory hurdles, technology integration, and user experience. It also explores the technologies that underpin FinTech business models, such as blockchain, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things. By analyzing these elements, this chapter aims to provide a thorough overview of the current state and future potential of the FinTech industry in India. Fintech undergoes a new transformation each year due to the development of technologies and the constantly shifting needs of the financial markets.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Swapnil Sonawane

Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India.

Dilip Motwani

Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1626

Exploring the Unique Structure and Properties of Liquid Water | Chapter 4 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

 

Water was and remains the most unusual substance on Earth. Until very recently, the structure and abnormal properties of water have caused heated discussions among both domestic and foreign scientists of different generations. This is primarily due to the complexity of the object of study, the ability of water, even with minor external influences, to easily transition from one metastable state to another. Of course, the state of water at the triple point in the phase diagram is of particular interest. In this regard, the paper considers the features in the pressure-temperature coordinates of some substances in the liquid aggregate state. The authors hypothesized that all substances in the liquid aggregate state should have common features, despite their original individuality. It seems to us that a universal feature that unites all possible aggregate states of water is the ability of the systems under consideration to smoothly transition from a homogeneous to a heterogeneous state, from a single-phase to a two- or more-phase system, characterized by the appearance of a phase interface under certain conditions, that is, the formation of a dispersed system. It is emphasized in the work that until now when analyzing the transitions of water from one aggregate state to another, the time factor of the existence of a phase in equilibrium or metastable states, as well as the time of existence of the dispersed system itself, has not been taken into account. The rapid development of water sciences has led to the discovery of unique properties of water in extreme conditions, for example, the ability of water not to freeze even with ultra-deep cooling, much lower than the freezing point of liquid nitrogen, or the experimentally proven fact that at -68°C water acts as a mixture of two liquids of different densities and others. Further advances in the study of the properties and conditions of water are inevitably associated with the convergence of natural sciences.

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Ju. S. Sarkisov

Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

N.P. Gorlenko

Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

O.A. Zubkova

Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

D. Ju. Sarkisov

Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, 634003, Russia.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1752

 

The Statistical Mechanics of Dynamical Social Networks |Chapter 3 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

We propose an information-theoretic model for sociological networks. Usually, networks are considered as the array of links connecting the net nodes. Here we analyze a dynamical net in which every node is connected to all other nodes and links that randomly move between the pairs of nodes. These nets are similar to i.e. the internet where the sites are the nodes and the transferred bits are the links. The analysis of this net is analogous to a microcanonical ensemble of states and particles. The states are all the possible pairs of nodes (i.e. people, sites, and alike) that exchange particles which in the case of the internet are the information bits. In analogy to boson gas, we define these networks: entropy, volume, pressure, and temperature. We show that these definitions are consistent with Carnot efficiency (the second law) and ideal gas law. Therefore, if we have two large networks: hot and cold having temperatures TH and TC and we remove Q energetic bits from the hot network to the cold network we can save W profit bits that are calculated from the Carnot efficiency. In addition, it is shown that when two dynamical networks are merged the entropy increases. This explains the tendency of economic and social networks to merge. Equilibrium thermodynamics proved to be an important tool in engineering, chemistry, and physics. Applying these tools to sociological network dynamics may prove to be of some use.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Oded Kafr
Kafri Nihul Ltd., Tel Aviv 68165, Israel.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1781

Comparative Efficacy of Droplet Digital PCR and Real-time PCR for In-house Validation of Porcine Detection and Quantification Protocol: An Approach towards Artificial Recombinant Plasmid | Chapter 2 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

 

This research will contribute to the development of an external standard for qPCR-based quantification and a routine inspection protocol for instrument performance and kit and interlaboratory-user capabilities in national-wide inspections. Authenticity and traceability are essential for modern food and medicine inspection, and reliable techniques are important for the trade of halal foods, which reach more than 20 percent of the world market. Porcine ingredients can be a potential source of food adulteration when fraudulently added to processed foods without proper labeling. A sensitive and accurate porcine detection method is required to develop a conformity assessment system that includes laboratory testing for porcine-free certification. This study proposes a procedure that could be incorporated into the development of a standardized control and protocol for real-time PCR (qPCR) methods and their traceability using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The design used a recombinant pUC57 plasmid as an amplification target to carry the 97 bp fragment of the porcine ATCB gene. The absolute quantification and linearity assessment showed high precision with R2 values of 0.9971 and 0.9998 for qPCR and ddPCR, respectively. In general, both methods showed comparable results in terms of linearity and detection limit. Beta-actin and other single-copy genes are less effective than mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for assessing the authentication of porcine testing, possibly because mtDNA is abundant in cells, thereby increasing its amplification probability. However, both limits of detection assessments showed high sensitivity, although ddPCR showed a slightly higher sensitivity than that of qPCR, especially at low DNA concentrations. Evaluations of multiple-sample and inter-participatory testing demonstrated the qPCR method's excellent sensitivity, wide application, and robustness. Consequently, we draw the conclusion that the digital PCR approach yielded more reliable results based on a low quantity (less than five copy number) recombinant plasmid study. These findings may offer scientific data that regulatory bodies, particularly those in Indonesia, can use to build and formulate a reliable qPCR procedure for porcine detection that makes use of predicted DNA quantities.

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Umi Nuraeni

Laboratory of National Measurement Standards of Biology, The National Standard Agency of Indonesia (BSN), South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.

 

Retno Tri Astuti

Department of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Jekmal Malau

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, West Java, Indonesia.

Auraga Dewantoro

Research Center for Genetic Engineering, The National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia.

Dini Apriori

Laboratory of National Measurement Standards of Biology, The National Standard Agency of Indonesia (BSN), South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.

Evellin Dewi Lusiana

Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Bambang Prasetya

Research Center for Testing Technology and Standards, The National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), South Tangerang, Indonesia.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1654

A Systematic Investigation of Workflow Scheduling Techniques in the Cloud | Chapter 1 | Science and Technology: Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 11

 

The primary participants in the cloud technology context are cloud users and service providers. This setting comprises data centers, servers, agents, and virtual machines. The supplier's resources are rented to the cloud customer for varying loads. Since cloud services are so ubiquitous, most scientists use them to run their workflow applications. Scientific applications are workflow challenges that are huge and complex and require higher processing power. The cloud satisfies the workflow requirements of massive availability and enhanced computational power. For the cloud computing system to operate well, scheduling is one of the most recent research topics. This study examines several task-scheduling methods currently in use that are based on various criteria. This work will help the investigators to gain a better understanding of task scheduling techniques. The result of the investigation is tabulated with their performance parameter metrics like response time, energy efficiency, fault tolerance, and efficient resource usage.

 

 

Author(s) Details

C. K. Sripavithra

Department of Computer Science, Christ (Deemed to be University), Central Campus, Bangalore, India and Department of Computer Science, Maharani’s Science College for Women (Autonomous), Mysore, India.

V. B. Kirubanand

Department of Computer Science, Christ (Deemed to be University), Central Campus, Bangalore, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/strufp/v11/1629

Threat Assessments from Fires and Torrential Floods: Case Study Experience | Book Publisher International

 

Climate change and extreme phenomena in the world have been causing countless human and material losses, which has led different governments to take action measures to mitigate and prevent possible natural disasters, from the generation of infrastructure to the creation of laws or guidelines that help normalize processes and action schemes. Specifically in Colombia, and as a consequence of the girl phenomenon that occurred in 2010 and 2011, the risk management law was created by the Congress of the Republic in 2012. This law has obliged the different construction sectors to accommodate new demands and depending on the different types of risks, depending on the type of work to be executed or designed. In this book, a guide is presented to determine the threats from fires and torrential floods that may occur in a typical Colombian basin, taking as reference a specific case study.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Carlos Andrés Caro Camargo

Universidad Santo Tomás Tunja, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Avenida Universitaria, Tunja, Colombia.

Julián Villate

Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, Faculty of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Av Norte, Tunja, Colombia.

Laura Garavito

Universidad Santo Tomás Tunja, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Avenida Universitaria, Tunja, Colombia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-976377-9-7