Unusual Presentation of Solitary Fibrous Tumour Prostate: A Case Report | Chapter 11 | Medical Science: Updates and Prospects Vol. 6

 

Background: Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of fibroblastic differentiation, characterised by unpredictable biological behaviour. While SFTs are most commonly present in the fifth and sixth decades of life, they are frequently diagnosed incidentally.

 

Aim: This study aims to report and describe a rare case of a solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) involving the prostate/pelvic region, highlighting its clinical presentation, diagnostic process, surgical management, and patient outcome.

 

Case Presentation: A 57-year-old gentleman presented with lower abdominal pain and difficulty in passing urine for six months, and the examination revealed a suprapubic hard mass, which was bimanually palpable. A guided core biopsy from the prostate revealed a high-grade spindle cell neoplasm. The patient subsequently underwent resection of the pelvic tumour along with prostatectomy and permanent suprapubic cystostomy. Postoperative histology confirmed the preoperative diagnosis, and the patient completed adjuvant radiotherapy. He has been disease-free for the last 30 months.

 

Conclusion: SFTs typically arise from the pleura and are often pedunculated, representing about 30% of cases; other commonly affected areas include the meninges (27%), the abdominal cavity (20%), the trunk (10%), the extremities (8%), and the head and neck (5%). Due to their nonspecific clinical presentation, SFTs can be difficult to diagnose, but they are treatable when detected early. Surgical management of SFTs is similar to that of most soft tissue sarcomas, with a goal of wide resection margins and preservation of any critical surrounding organs. It is highly variable based on the location and involved structures. A multidisciplinary team approach with surgeons experienced in sarcoma surgery is recommended for the treatment and management of these tumours.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ravisankar Palaniappan
Department of General Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Puducherry, 605102, India.

 

S. Narmadha
Department of General Surgery, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Puducherry, 605102, India.

 

M. Appumathi Rogarajan
Surgical Oncologist, ASM Cancer and Skin Clinic, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Yojitha Sharatha Dalapathy Sankar
Kauvery Medical Centre, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msup/v6/6661

Fascial Planes in Head and Neck Malignancies: Predictors of Tumor Spread and Guides for Surgical Management |Chapter 2| Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 11

 a

Fascial planes in the head and neck play a dual role as barriers and conduits for tumor spread, making them clinically significant in the management of malignancies. This review synthesizes evidence from anatomical, surgical, and imaging studies to highlight their role in predicting invasion pathways, guiding resection margins, and improving oncologic outcomes. Surgical techniques that incorporate fascial boundaries have been shown to increase nodal yield, reduce recurrence, and preserve vital functions. Advances in imaging, including MRI and novel PET tracers, further enhance visualization of tumor margins and perineural spread, supporting more precise planning and intraoperative decision-making. Despite their importance, inconsistencies in nomenclature and classification of fascial planes continue to limit standardization and interdisciplinary communication. Future research should focus on consensus-driven terminology, integration of emerging technologies such as deep learning, and validation of fascial plane-based approaches in large-scale, prospective studies. Integrating fascial anatomy into clinical practice may enhance oncologic outcomes while supporting functional preservation in patients with head and neck cancer.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Shrikrishna B H
Department of ENT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, India.

 

Deepa G
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, India.

 

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v11/6214

Arefin’s Important Short Notes of ENT | Book Publisher International

 

The field of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) is vast and dynamic, encompassing a broad range of conditions and procedures that medical students and practitioners must master. As an ENT consultant and medical educator, I have often witnessed students struggle with large textbooks, attempting to extract key points relevant for examinations and clinical application. This observation inspired me to create a focused, accessible resource that delivers exactly what learners need — clear, concise, and exam-oriented notes.

 

Arefin's Important Short Notes of ENT is the result of 10 years of rigorous analysis of question banks, personal experience in teaching, and practical insights from the wards and operation theatres. The book compiles 390 high-yield topics covering the full breadth of ENT, including relevant anatomy, pathology, investigations, and management — all presented in simple language for easy understanding and quick revision.

 

My goal is to empower students, residents, and even seasoned professionals with a compact guide that complements standard textbooks and enhances their ability to retain and recall essential concepts under pressure. I sincerely hope this book proves to be a valuable companion for your academic and professional journey in ENT.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Mostafa Kamal Arefin
Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-990550-4-9

A Cross Sectional Study on Surgical Management of Phyllodes Tumours at a Teaching Tertiary Institution in India | Chapter 15 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 7

Background: Phyllodes tumours are rare fibroepithelial lesions of the breast. The words “phyllodes” are derived from the latin phyllodium and greek phullodes meaning leaf like. Unlike carcinoma breast, phyllodes tumors start outside of the ducts and lobules, in the breast’s connective tissue, called the stroma which includes the fatty tissue and ligaments that surround the ducts, lobules, and blood and lymph vessels in the breast.

Aim: The aim of the study is to clinical presentation and management of phyllodes tumour.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the department of surgery in a medical college and hospital in central India over a period from March 2006 to March 2016. A total of 96 female patients of phyllodes tumour were included in this study. A detailed clinical history and examination of the breast lump were done.

Results: Out of 98 patients, the majority of patients were in the age group of 31 - 40 years. The mean age of presentation was 37 years ranging from 12 years to 57 years. 43.75% of patients had breast lumps involving all four quadrants of the breast. All patients were subjected to surgical management. The modality of treatment available for surgical management of phyllodes tumor includes wide local excision, lumpectomy, simple mastectomy and radical mastectomy. The surgical management includes wide local excision in 28, lumpectomy in 26, simple mastectomy in 40 and radical mastectomy in 02 patients. Three histotypes of phyllodes tumor, i.e., benign (42 cases, 43.75%), borderline (12 cases, 12.5%), and malignant (42 cases, 43.75%) were observed in the present study. The adjuvant radiotherapy may be effective in reducing the risk of local recurrence. Three drugs such as ifosfamide, cisplatin and etoposide have been described to be effective for malignant phyllodes.

Conclusions: Preoperative diagnosis and proper management are crucial in phyllodes tumours because of their tendency to recur and malignant potential in some of these tumours. Excision of the phyllodes tumour with a wide margin of healthy tissue is a safe and effective method of local control. A positive axillary lymph node enlargement would necessitate an axillary lymph node dissection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ashok Suryabhanji Gajbhiye
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Saiesha Nagavarapu
Department of Government Medical College, Chandrapur, India.

 

Ambrish Somkuwar
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Avinash Bokde
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Vaibhav Nasare
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Kishor Jehughale
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Ankit Agrawal
Department of Surgery, IGGMC, NAGPUR-18, Maharashtra, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v7/3067

The Clinical Spectrum of AUB and Women’s Attitude towards Its Management in Poor Resource Setting | Chapter 8 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 3

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) has significant impact on quality of life of women related to health especially in developing countries including India. FIGO AUB systems are universally accepted.  FIGO AUB systems are universally accepted for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and classification of causes known by the acronym PALM- COEIN.

Aim: This study highlights the clinical spectrum of AUB according to the FIGO AUB systems and women’s attitude towards its management.

Methods: This Cross Sectional prospective study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ANMMCH, Gaya, a tertiary care center, among women of 15-55 years age groups having complain related to abnormal uterine bleeding, for 1 year from 1stMay 2019 to 30thApril 2020 on 1000 patients. Data was collected and analyzed by percentage and proportions. Statistical tool used was MS office Excel and SPSS version 17.

Results: Prevalence of AUB was maximum among 15-30 years age group of patients (46.80%). Most of the patients belonged to lower (62.5%) class, rural area (68%) and were anemic (62.5%). Ovulatory dysfunction (55%) was the most common cause for AUB, maximum patients choose surgical management (hysterectomy) but after counseling, most of them shifted to medical management. The effects of counseling were that about 50% of patients shifted from surgical options to medical options. In this study we found that maximum patients were illiterate, poor, belong to remote areas, have myths related to AUB, wanted cheaper and faster management of AUB.

Conclusions: It is concluded that a more conservative approach for management of AUB and emphasizes the importance of awareness for the clinical spectrum of AUB among women so that they can be self-motivated for early treatment and unnecessary hysterectomy can be avoided.

Author(s) Details:

Ruby Kumari,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V3/article/view/13163

Innovative Approaches for Unstable Scar Reconstruction: Reverse Sural Flap Technique for Optimal Results | Chapter 7 | Key Flaps in Plastic Surgery

 This book chapter presents a case report and discussion on the use of the reverse sural flap in the reconstruction of a post-traumatic unstable scar on the medial aspect of the right ankle. The chapter includes a detailed case presentation, operative procedure, and a comprehensive discussion of the surgical technique, advantages, and limitations associated with the reverse sural flap.

The case presentation describes a patient with a longstanding unstable scar and central ulceration on the medial aspect of the right ankle following a road traffic accident three years prior. Clinical examination confirmed the benign nature of the ulcer and scar. The surgical intervention involved excision of the unstable scar and reconstruction using the reverse sural flap. The dimensions of the defect were measured, and the flap was marked and raised from the posterior calf region. The flap was then transposed to the defect site for reconstruction, and the donor site was grafted with split-thickness skin grafts. The postoperative period was uneventful, and satisfactory results were observed during follow-up examinations.

The discussion section introduces the reverse sural flap as a versatile surgical technique used for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower leg, ankle, and foot regions. The surgical technique involves patient evaluation and planning, flap design and marking, incision and flap elevation, and flap transposition and closure. The advantages of the reverse sural flap, including adequate tissue volume, vascularized tissue, versatility, and minimized donor site morbidity, are discussed. The limitations, such as technical complexity, potential complications, and donor site aesthetic concerns, are also addressed.

In conclusion, this book chapter provides valuable insights into the use of the reverse sural flap for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the lower leg, ankle, and foot regions. Through a case report, operative details, and a comprehensive discussion, the chapter highlights the efficacy, considerations, and potential limitations associated with this surgical technique. This information can guide surgeons in making informed decisions and achieving successful outcomes in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects using the reverse sural flap.

Author(s) Details:

Mohd. Altaf Mir,
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS),Bathinda-151001, India.

Jaya Jain,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda-151001, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/KFPS/article/view/11502

A Brief Overview on Complex Ventral Hernia | Chapter 3 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 This member highlights a brief overview on Complex Ventral Hernia. Complex intestinal wall defects show one of the more challenging crises faced by inexact surgeons. Certain hernia characteristics, to a degree loss of rule, previously placed mesh, and far-reaching abdominal surgical history concede possibility preclude the use of laparoscopy. The key to fame is an accurate preoperative assessment of substantial ventral break. It enables the recognition of active interventions and encourages presurgical measures to better a patient's condition prior to attempt such a surgery. Preoperative CT image can identify clues of occult inflammation or polluted fluid cavities that can change mesh utilisation and surgical approach, although not being beneficial in evaluating the degree of intraabdominal adhesions. It is anticipated that surgeons will within financial means considerably correct patient quality of life and repair happiness by adding enhanced recovery pathways into the therapy of complex intestinal wall irregularities.

Author(s) Details:

Ashesh Kumar Jha,
Department of General Surgery, AIIMS, Patna, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V8/article/view/11734

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Its Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review | Chapter 3 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Background: Once the ACL harm is recognized, the physiotherapy plays a critical duty. Not all patient have incision. We present a summary review of the current state of information about restoration following Anterior Cruciate Ligament harm.Methodology: Narrative study was completed activity from September 2020 to 2022. All the studies fulfilling the addition tests were contained afterwards precariously judging bureaucracy and the facts cleaned from it were secondhand in fitting narrative review.Results: Total 200 documents were downloaded. As per the addition tests 50 studies were contained in the study.Discussion: This review considered on conservative and influential administration later ACL harm, grafts, toughening exercises, neuromuscular preparation, walks preparation and coarse consequence measures.Conclusion: The people the one are non-contestants and have motionless growth style can choose conservative administration of ACL. Patient’s business, behavior, age, BMI and pre-harm bodily conditioning would influence the consequence of the restoration.

Author(s) Details:

Niketa Patel,

College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), India.

Ishan Patel,

College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V3/article/view/11236

Surgical Management of Solitary Thyroid Nodule | Chapter 6 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 11

 Due to the increased frequency of thyroid cancer in these lesions, preoperative distinction between benign and malignant thyroid nodules is essential. Additionally, it helps avoid needless surgery and its negative effects, including hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, and persistent nerve injury.

In this study, there were 135 cases of clinically detected solitary thyroid nodules, 126 female patients, 9 male patients, and patients between the ages of 14 and 65. The median patient age was 41 years old, the mean patient age was 39.76 years, and (94, 41) patients had more right-side thyroid effect than left-side thyroid effect, respectively. According to postoperative histology, 35 patients (26%) and 100 patients (74%) had malignant thyroid nodules, respectively. Postoperatively, 3 patients (2%) and 9 patients (7%) both developed temporary hypocalcemia and hoarseness. The likelihood of cancer developing in solitary thyroid nodules is high and is influenced by the preoperative evaluation, which includes the patient's medical history, physical exam, ultrasound, FNAC test results, and intraoperative evaluation of the nodule. Malignant nodules typically have hypoechoic, micro-calcified, and cervical lymphadenopathy on thyroid ultrasonography, rapid growth by history, and a hard-fixed nodule on physical examination. There is no mention of age, the quantity of nodules, or the size of the nodules as risk factors for thyroid cancer in men. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is more useful for diagnosis when carried out under ultrasound guidance and analysed by histopathologists with experience. Thyroid surgery is simpler when carried out by experienced surgeons.

Author(s) Details:

Burkan Nasr Rashed Shaif,
Consultant General and Laparoscopic Surgery, At Al Thawra Modern General/ Teaching Hospital Sana`a and Saudi Hospital at Hajjah, Yemen.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V11/article/view/8030

Surgical Management of a Misdiagnosed Completely Thrombosed Giant Cerebral Aneurysm Mimicking a Cystic Echinococcosis | Chapter 4 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 11

 Completely thrombosed large cerebral aneurysms are uncommon lesions that can occasionally be misinterpreted as something else because of unusual radiological characteristics. For the optimum surgical strategy and removal of the lesion, it is essential to consider enormous spherical intracerebral masses as a differential diagnosis in every situation. In this uncommon instance, we demonstrate how even highly advanced imaging could not reliably identify this uncommon entity and allow for preoperative surgical planning. This example also demonstrates how crucial it is that these lesions be surgically managed when done at a busy neurosurgical vascular centre by a skilled vascular neurosurgeon.

Author(s) Details:

Mehdi Chihi,
Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.

Ulrich Sure,
Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V11/article/view/8028