Brief Overview on Nephrotoxic Drugs: A Pharmacological Approach | Chapter 9 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 This division highlights nephrotoxicityof drugs. Kidney is one of the internal organs maintaining equilibrium of body and thus dysfunction of sort affects characteristic of life and health harshly. Anticancer drugs, particularly chemotherapeutic agents, cause extreme toxicity leading to kind dysfunction and irreparable kidney harm. Many chemotherapeutic agents are now available to treat a variety of cancers but reactions of these drugs have brought about sure limitations in their use and eradication of tumor. Medications cause renal failure through a variety of methods. Hemodynamic renal failure grant permission result from drugs that reduce renal prostaglandins and therefore renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. Recent study has raised doubts about association of metformin accompanying lactic acidosis as causal. Renal loss is a common comorbidity in subjects with lactic acidosis guide metformin use and plasma metformin levels are with the order reversed related to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) due to decreased clearance from the distribution.

Author(s) Details:

Tasneem Sandozi,

Dubai Medical College, UAE.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V4/article/view/11324

Hyperuricaemia and Other Markers of Kidney Impairment in Caribbean Patients with Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases| Chapter 6 | Perspective of Recent Advances in Medical Research Vol. 10

 Hyperuricaemia is an liberated risk factor for kidney working decline, and its predominance rises as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) staging progresses. The study examined hyperuricaemia and other indicators of kidney impairment in sufferers with incessant noncommunicable diseases in a developing frugality. We retrospectively reviewed the dossier collected from a study conducted 'tween January 2014 and December 2014 in which a total of 968 cases with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and incessant kidney affliction (CKD) participated. Each subject provided ancestry sample, which was therefore tested for glucose, antitoxin uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, antitoxin creatinine, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and albumin. Anthropometric measurements of each subject, containing height, burden, waist circumference, age, common, education level, takeover, and medical history with drug use, were also captured. The result of the study shows that, patients with bred serum uric acid (SUA) levels have larger mean age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), SUA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides, albumin, and very depressed-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and lower mean advantage of estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) compared to cases with rational SUA levels, (P = 0.05). In addition, correlation studies between SUA, e-GFR, BUN, antitoxin creatinine, body bulk index, (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and albumin shows forceful association betwixt SUA and these parameters (p<.0001). About 223 (23.34%) of the CKD patients have nurtured uric acid levels and 745 (76.96%) have normal uric acid levels. Therefore, this study further recorded the well-established association middle from two points hyperuricaemia and CKD. However, the measures already working in lifestyle clinics must be claimed in order to bar any increase in SUA levels in these patients.

Determination of Hyperuricaemia and Other Correlates of Kidney Impairment in Caribbean Patients with Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases | Chapter 11 | Issues and Development in Health Research Vol. 8

 Background: Hyperuricaemia is a risk factor for renal function deterioration that becomes more common as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) stage proceeds.

The study's goal is to talk about hyperuricemia and its consequences in patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases in a developing economy.

This retrospective study, which took place between January 2014 and December 2014, comprised 968 individuals with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic renal disease. Glucose, serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and albumin were all measured in each subject's blood. Anthropometric indices such height, weight, waist circumference, age, gender, education, occupation, and medical history, including medications, were reported by each participant.

Patients with elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels have a higher mean age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), SUA, blood urea nitogen (BUN), triglycerides, albumin, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), as well as a lower mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) (P = 0.05) than patients with normal SUA levels. SUA has a strong relationship with e-GFR, BUN, serum creatinine, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and albumin, according to correlation studies (p.0001). Uric acid levels are elevated in 223 (23.34 percent) of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, while they are normal in 745 (76.96 percent).

Conclusion: The long-established relationship between hyperuricemia and chronic renal disease is highlighted in this study. However, in order to avoid any trend toward an increase in serum uric acid levels in patients, the measures already in place in lifestyle clinics must be maintained.

Author(S) Details

Saleh Idris Tudun Wada
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

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Determination of Efficacy and Safety of α-keto Analogs of Essential Amino Acids Supplementation in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Evaluation | Chapter 7 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9

The goal of this study was to see if -keto analogues of essential amino acids (KAA) as a supplement could help those with chronic renal disease (CKD). Methods: A prospective comparative study in patients with CKD was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North India. The patients were divided into two interventional groups. Patients in Group I (control) received conservative management and placebo, while patients in Group II (KAA) received conservative management and KAA (600 mg, thrice daily) for 12 weeks. At 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of medication, hemograms, renal function tests, lipid profiles, and side events were all reported. Results: Both groups improved gradually in clinical characteristics after 12 weeks of treatment, albeit the KAA group improved more pronouncedly than the control group. In comparison to their pre-treatment levels, both groups showed a sustained improvement in biochemical markers, with the KAA supplemented group exhibiting a higher improvement. The levels of creatinine and total urine protein were both lower after 24 hours. The glomerular filtration rate, haemoglobin, and total urine volume in 24 hours all rose. The KAA group showed a significant (p0.05) improvement in lipid profiles when compared to the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of side effects (p>0.05). Conclusion: KAA supplementation in combination with conservative therapy is beneficial and safe in delaying disease progression in patients with CKD.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Irfan Ahmad Khan
Department of Pharmacology, J.N. Medical College Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Research on Insulin Resistance and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 11 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 

Alzheimer's disease is a widespread elderly cognitive condition where neurodegeneration happens quickly as a result of reduced brain function. In patients with Alzheimer's disease, there have been several studies connecting music memory with cognition. This multiple case study (n=3) aims to examine the impact of familiar and unfamiliar music on the fundamental frequency of speech (F0), range of intensity, and speech rate of 3 elderly Alzheimer's disease participants. The speech parameters were measured longitudinally over a span of 21 weeks following exposure to common and unfamiliar music. A listening assignment to an audiobook was viewed as supervision. Data showed that there was wide variability in performance in all of these topics, with no common trend for familiar music. For unfamiliar music, however, two subjects showed an improvement in their speech output. The third topic showed a rise in the F0 range. It is proposed that there could be further understanding of how common and new stimuli affect the development of speech in Alzheimer's disease patients. The findings also indicate that unfamiliar music can have a substantial impact on the speech rate of subjects with AD, but the long-term influence of music on the speech production of these patients with Alzheimer's disease is difficult to assess. Instead, the findings suggested that in Alzheimer's disease patients there could be more to consider how familiar and novel stimuli affect speech development.


Author(s) Details
  
Mihaela Vladu
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Diana Clenciu
Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Ion Cristian Efrem
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Mircea-Cătălin Forțofoiu
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Anca Amzolini
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Simona Tudorică Micu
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Maria Moța
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

Maria Forțofoiu

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania and Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/296