Determination of Efficacy and Safety of α-keto Analogs of Essential Amino Acids Supplementation in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Evaluation | Chapter 7 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 9

The goal of this study was to see if -keto analogues of essential amino acids (KAA) as a supplement could help those with chronic renal disease (CKD). Methods: A prospective comparative study in patients with CKD was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North India. The patients were divided into two interventional groups. Patients in Group I (control) received conservative management and placebo, while patients in Group II (KAA) received conservative management and KAA (600 mg, thrice daily) for 12 weeks. At 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of medication, hemograms, renal function tests, lipid profiles, and side events were all reported. Results: Both groups improved gradually in clinical characteristics after 12 weeks of treatment, albeit the KAA group improved more pronouncedly than the control group. In comparison to their pre-treatment levels, both groups showed a sustained improvement in biochemical markers, with the KAA supplemented group exhibiting a higher improvement. The levels of creatinine and total urine protein were both lower after 24 hours. The glomerular filtration rate, haemoglobin, and total urine volume in 24 hours all rose. The KAA group showed a significant (p0.05) improvement in lipid profiles when compared to the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of side effects (p>0.05). Conclusion: KAA supplementation in combination with conservative therapy is beneficial and safe in delaying disease progression in patients with CKD.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Irfan Ahmad Khan
Department of Pharmacology, J.N. Medical College Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Studies on Superficial Fungal Infections in ESRD Patients over the Past 16 Years | Chapter 3 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 Background: The rising prevalence of end-stage renal disease is a global public health issue that affects millions of people around the world. It's worth noting that anywhere from 50% to 100% of people in this population have been found to have at least one dermatological condition. We looked at patients with end-stage renal disease who had acquired superficial fungal infections in this study.

Methods and Results: From January 2000 to June 2016, we analysed 2112 patients with end-stage renal disease who were on haemodialysis at least three times a week for at least three months at our facility. We detected 1500 suspected cases of superficial fungal infections among the above 2112 patients, and 1040 cultures tested positive. Tinea capitis, 28.8% Pityriasis versicolor, 16.7% Tinea corporis, 5.3 percent Tinea mannum, 32.4 percent Onychomycosis, 13.5 percent Tinea cruris, and 3.1 percent Tinea pedis were found on macroscopic inspection of the scalp, skin, and nails. Trichyopyton rubrum was found to be 29.1%, Trychophyton mentagrophyte was 22.9 percent, Trychophyton violaceum was 5.1 percent, Trichophyton verrucosum was 0.9 percent, Microsporum canis was 0.1 percent, Epidermophyton flucossum was 3.1 percent, Trychophyton tonsurans was 3.1 percent, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was 6.9%, and Malassezia was 28 Onychomycosis was the most common clinical abnormality, and Trichophyton rubrum was the most common fungal isolate.

Conclusion: Superficial mycoses are common all over the world. The current study shows that a significant number of patients with end-stage renal disease have a high prevalence of superficial fungal infection. As a result, early detection of skin lesions and identification of these superficial fungal infections alerts us to begin early and judicious management in order to reduce associated morbidity and thus improve the quality of life in the said patients.

Author (s) Details

Upma Narain
Tejas Microdiagnostics, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Arvind Gupta
Division of Nephrology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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