Recent Advances in Drugs and Vaccines for COVID-19 | Chapter 4 | Diagnostic and Treatment Advances in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

Several potential COVID-19 therapeutic approaches and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been investigated, and final clinical reports are gradually becoming available. In this mini-review, we discussed the history of selected potential therapeutic drugs and newly designed vaccines, as well as other approaches for the COVID-19 treatment, and made a primary evaluation of their clinical effects. Finally, according to the nature of coronavirus we posed a promising design to against the SARS-CoV-2 by the chemi-physical methods through carbon nano-materials modification.

Author(s) Details:

Meiqin Tang,
Department of Hematology, Longgang Distrcit People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Xinhuang Yao,
Department of Hematology, Longgang Distrcit People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Faqing Tian,
Department of Hematology, Longgang Distrcit People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Man Jiang,
Department of Hematology, Longgang Distrcit People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Jianshe Yang,
Department of Hematology, Longgang Distrcit People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/DTACSC/article/view/9554

Why Biologics are Ultimaely a Failed Therapy for Crohns Disease| Chapter 8 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 Since allure introduction in 2003, a drug has prevailed as the drug of choice in the treatment of Crohn’s affliction. Its dominance for ancient times two decades is poorly supported by allure limited therapeutic efficiency. In 2001, Infectious Diseases Incorporated entered a crucial alliance accompanying the University of Florida which ultimately met on the potential threat that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) authorizes for animal and human health. What has existed established is that Crohn’s disease is an invulnerable-mediated affliction whose effector is preservation of a flawed proinflammatory response directed against MAP and whose affecter is the extensive presence of MAP in the provisions of industrialized countries with its own government. The efficacy of biologics is secondary to their minor disruption of the cytokine answer to MAP. Biologics fail cause they lack the ability to destroy the MAP invulnerable template and therefore require persisted, costly administration that does not completely preclude the growth of bowel penetration and fistula inference. This IDI Perspective presents its combining as to why biologics show a failed medicine for Crohn’s disease.

Author(s) Details:

Gilles R G Monif,
Infectious Diseases Incorporated, United States.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V8/article/view/9032

Drug Misuse, Consequences and Some Preventive Strategies | Chapter 5 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

Introduction: Drug abuse and its associated repercussions are now a global problem that affects many countries and worries both governments and the general populace. These societal problems include gangsterism, rape, prostitution, kidnapping, armed robbery, assault, and assassinations. The non-therapeutic (licit/legal) drugs like caffeine, tobacco/nicotine, or alcohol, as well as OTC drugs, prescription drugs, and illicit/illegal psychoactive substances like cannabis (use of this drug is now legalised in some countries, but not in Nigeria), cocaine and crack, morphine, and amphetamines are among the drugs that are misused. heroin, benzodiazepines, tramadol, codeine, etc. The abuse of these medications has sharply escalated, with severe health and social repercussions that every healthcare provider and government must acknowledge and address. Despite this despicable predicament, the cure for drug abuse has remained a mystery. This review intends to inform readers and offer support in easing and minimising the problems caused by drug abuse and its effects, especially in Nigeria.

Methods: A manual literature search as well as an online search (using databases like Medline, HINARI, PubMed, and others) were done.

Results: It was discovered that the medications being abused have a well-known propensity for addiction, which gives them the special capacity to be continued by impairing reason and wrecking havoc on the faculty of self-preservation. This results in a molecular brain illness that invariably brings about disarray, malfunction, or even obliteration. Substances that are addictive cause happy or pleasant feelings (euphoria in the first stage) or alleviate discomfort. Continuous usage causes the central nervous system (CNS) to adapt, which results in tolerance, dependence, sensitization (reverse tolerance), yearning, and relapse, all of which have detrimental effects on one's physical health as well as their social, psychological, spiritual, and economic well-being. Reducing damage, psychotherapy, drug treatment, and preventative programmes are among the methods used to regulate drug abuse. Religious group activities are a safeguard, and realistic media literacy for youth is essential.

Drug abuse is a significant global public health concern. Misuse corrections aim to enhance political and economical situations while also restoring the overall wellness of the person and their family. All hands must be on deck to minimise risk factors and increase protective variables since prevention is the key to effective management. Only then will we be able to successfully reduce and cure the sad effects of drug usage and its repercussions on individuals, families, and nations.

Author(s) Details:

S. I. Iyalomhe,

Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

R. N. Osunde,

Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

I. Omoregbe,

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

I. O. Edeawe,

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

O. E. Iyalomhe,

Institute of Lassa Fever and Research, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria.

G. B. S. Iyalomhe,

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V8/article/view/7231

Plants are Renewable Source of Medicine and Nanoparticles: A Review | Chapter 05 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 8

 Plants have been employed as a therapeutic agent since the dawn of time, and their applications have evolved alongside human civilization. Plants' healing potential was discovered by trial and error, and the knowledge was passed down verbally and through practise from generation to generation. Plants or plant parts were used as medicine before the 16th century, and during the 16th and 18th centuries, a mixture of plants or plant parts was employed as medication. Pure chemicals have been extracted from plants and utilised as medicine since the beginning of the 18th century. Today, over 6,00,000 plant-derived chemicals have been isolated from various plants, and 11 percent of the WHO's 252 basic and necessary medications are completely of plant origin, with a considerable proportion of synthetic drugs generated from natural precursors. Because of their unparalleled structural characteristics and functional diversity, plant-derived medications have been proven to be more stable, have fewer adverse effects, and have pleotropic druggability. Furthermore, plant-derived chemicals are generated within the living system and evaluated and adjusted periodically throughout time as part of the evolutionary process. Plants are the finest synthesisers of nanoparticles with a variety of medicinal properties, in addition to phytomolecules. These functional groups may bond with metal ions and produce nanoparticles in herbal medicines or plant extracts, such as C=C – alkenyl, C=N – amide, O=H – phenolic and alcohol, N=H – amine, C-H and COO – carboxylic acid, and so on. Cu, Co, Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Zn, Mn, Ti, Ni, Fe, and other metal nanoparticles, as well as alloys of Au, Al, and Zn, were effectively biosynthesised. The versatility of plant-derived drugs in various aspects such as historical background, plant-derived drugs in modern medicine, importance of medicinal plants in drug discovery, plant-derived drugs - advantages and disadvantages, characteristic features of plant-derived drugs, major challenges in plant-derived drug discovery, value and market potential, approaches to plant-derived drug discovery, importance of phytochemical and pharmacological screening, drug discovery .

Author(S) Details

S. Sreekumar
Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Division, Saraswathy Thangavelu Centre, KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Puthenthope, Thiruvananthapuram, Pin 695 586, Kerala, India.

N. C. Nisha
Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Division, Saraswathy Thangavelu Centre, KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Puthenthope, Thiruvananthapuram, Pin 695 586, Kerala, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V8/article/view/5646

India’s New Drugs and Clinical Trial Rules: Perception and Perspectives of Indian Researchers | Book Publisher International

 Background/Purpose: Few studies have examined investigators' and ethics members' understanding of previous guidelines, as well as their perspectives on them. No study, however, has looked into the perceptions and viewpoints of Indian researchers on the most recent medications and clinical trial regulations for 2019. (NDCTR-19). The current study's goal is to find a solution to this problem.

Methods: The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys was used to create a web-based online survey using a widely approved Google form with an already verified questionnaire. Participants were given a web URL to use in order to respond to the survey. Between July and September 2019, the data was gathered by emailing the link to several researchers across India. The perceptions and viewpoints of Indian scholars were expressed as a percentage (%) and a mean (%). (standard deviations).

The NDCTR-19 was perceived by 75 (70.8 percent) of the 106 researchers, including those from all zones (100 percent, p.0001). Changes to the timeframe, open post-trial drug passage, and embracing equality were all approved by 36 (63.2%), 32 (53.1%), and 31 (54.5%) of respondents, respectively. 37 people agreed that recent developments in severe adverse effects and compensation were beneficial (64.9 percent ). Furthermore, the majority of respondents felt that sharing the NDCTR-19 with other researchers, particularly those from the central zone, would impact the working atmosphere (100 percent, p.0001, respectively).

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the NDCTR-19 can help speed up clinical trials and expand India's pharmaceutical sector. The findings will be of interest to investigators as well as stakeholders from pharmaceutical corporations on a national and worldwide level.

Author(S) Details

Vishal Vennu
School of Pharmacy, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/INDCTRPPIR/article/view/3787