Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Using Raw Sewage and Cheese Whey | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

 

The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) using raw sewage has been previously attempted to derive value from waste; however, the yields of PHAs were low. Therefore, we attempted to increase the yield by applying different strategies, such as supplementation of sewage with additional carbon sources, dilution of high-carbon-containing wastewater (cheese whey) with low-carbon-containing wastewater (sewage), and concentration of sewage to improve the available carbon source. After applying these strategies, the PHA production capacity of the bacterium Bacillus sp. CYR1 is enhanced 22-fold. CYR1 incubated using cheese whey (CW) diluted with sewage showed higher PHA production than those incubated using CW diluted with distilled water. The PHA produced in this study was identified as poly-𝛽-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and the characteristics of the produced PHB were comparable to those of standard PHB. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because we show the potential of CYR1 strain in PHB production using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater. The reuse of sewage will help to reduce the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale.

 

The increasing burden placed by plastic waste on the environment has necessitated the protection of our planet from environmental disasters. Thus, switching from limited natural and fossil resources to PHAs for plastic production matches today's concrete initiatives to reach the global Climate and Sustainable Development Goals. On a related note, the constant generation of sewage in our daily activities accounts for a high proportion of the environmental load, and the energy and cost required for sewage treatment are extensive. Thus, the reuse of sewage is essential for reducing the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale. Consequently, painstaking efforts have been taken to transform waste management into resource management. Our group has been working on the production of bioplastics using rejected materials. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to enhance PHA production from sewage by applying different strategies using Bacillus sp. CYR1. A high rate of glucose consumption (83.6%) was also observed. Higher phaC gene expression levels were observed in high-carbon-containing sewage but at lower nitrogen concentrations. Based on these analyses, it was confirmed that the CYR1 strain can be useful for producing PHA using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Young-Cheol Chang

Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan..

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/7908C

 

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Using Raw Sewage and Cheese Whey | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) using raw sewage has been previously attempted to derive value from waste; however, the yields of PHAs were low. Therefore, we attempted to increase the yield by applying different strategies, such as supplementation of sewage with additional carbon sources, dilution of high-carbon-containing wastewater (cheese whey) with low-carbon-containing wastewater (sewage), and concentration of sewage to improve the available carbon source. After applying these strategies, the PHA production capacity of the bacterium Bacillus sp. CYR1 is enhanced 22-fold. CYR1 incubated using cheese whey (CW) diluted with sewage showed higher PHA production than those incubated using CW diluted with distilled water. The PHA produced in this study was identified as poly-β-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and the characteristics of the produced PHB were comparable to those of standard PHB. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because we show the potential of CYR1 strain in PHB production using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater. The reuse of sewage will help to reduce the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale.

The increasing burden placed by plastic waste on the environment has necessitated the protection of our planet from environmental disasters. Thus, switching from limited natural and fossil resources to PHAs for plastic production matches today's concrete initiatives to reach the global Climate and Sustainable Development Goals. On a related note, the constant generation of sewage in our daily activities accounts for a high proportion of the environmental load, and the energy and cost required for sewage treatment are extensive. Thus, the reuse of sewage is essential for reducing the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale. Consequently, painstaking efforts have been taken to transform waste management into resource management. Our group has been working on the production of bioplastics using rejected materials. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to enhance PHA production from sewage by applying different strategies using Bacillus sp. CYR1. A high rate of glucose consumption (83.6%) was also observed. Higher phaC gene expression levels were observed in high-carbon-containing sewage but at lower nitrogen concentrations. Based on these analyses, it was confirmed that the CYR1 strain can be useful for producing PHA using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater.

Author(s) Details:

Young-Cheol Chang,
Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/7908C

Degradation Methods of Plastics to Tackle Environmental Pollution and Save Our Life | Chapter 6 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 6

 Our Earth is being stained by plastic, which is strangling our oceans, menacing human health, and injuring ecosystems that are essential to our lifestyle. Need to beat plastic contamination. Most microorganisms are both employed as the action for bioplastic products and by way of of degrading plastics. Even while amount made of bioplastic are more high-priced than those made of artificial flexible. A few bio-polymers have again won widespread support and are once being made. Plastic bag decomposition is more time-consuming than a thousand times. Microbes have so gambled a significant function in both putrefy and the result of polymers. Biodegradable plastics have existed developed as a result of the issues guide plastic waste. More expressly, biodegradable bioplastics are polymers that, when subjected to sure microorganisms' enzymatic exercise, mineralize into CO2, CH4, H2O, inorganic composites, or biomass. Because of allure rigidity, it perform widely in the modern world. However, utilizing too much flexible can have an impact on the environment and human growth. The demand for biodegradable flexible has been increasing day-to-day. This type of plastic can dissolve in the environment through the action of normally occurring microorganisms. Due to biodegradable plastic's talent to putrefy fast and hence preserve the surroundings, there is a excellent need to make it.

Author(s) Details:

Pushpa Yadav,
Nova College of Pharmacy, Lucknow, U. P., India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V6/article/view/11159

Production of Biodegradable Bioplastic from Industrial and Agricultural Waste| Chapter 1| Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 9

 Ghee slag is the dark, bulk-like silt taken after the purified fat is elicited by way of habit of method of heating the fat. Much concerning this fat slag is frequently taken in all dairies. The silt has no akin use and is dropped withinside the land field. However, the Ghee debris includes many phenolics and, accordingly, can be secondhand as a supply of element and nitrogen in distinguishing habits.The up-to-date-era invention has connection with bioplastics from the waste taken from buttery corporations and farming. This growing bioplastic is appropriate for dry food packaging.The present creation has existed checked for allure pliable strength via electromechanical supplies. It is stated to have pliable strength of 41.539 MPa and 29.031 MPa, for the bioplastic created from land waste-Raw Banana peel and dairy waste-Molten fat extract, individually.Similarly, the extension allotment enhances calculated as 104% and 218%, individually.Its migration test utilizing n-heptane as a impetus for 30 notes of meeting at 38∘C enhances established as 0.6 mg/dm2 (Industrial waste) and 0.5 mg/dm2 (Agricultural waste). The ghost of phenolic compounds is effective in maintaining the full food secure accompanying a very depressed flight degree distinguished to the artificial polymers.It is surely referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect the environment in water (<24 hours) and in soil (20-30 days nearly). After biodegradation, it can be a part of a biography-fertilizer in fields for increasing plants

 Author(s) Details:

Rasheeda Khanam,
Department of Microbiology and Food Science and Technology, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V9/article/view/8830

Production of Bioplastic from Phycocolloids| Chapter 8 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 8

 The main aim concerning this study was to label the potential use of agar (Phycocolloids) in the making of bio flexible. Biodegradable and edible fabrics from plants and animals, including peptides, polysaccharides, and lipids, are advantageous alternatives to artificial packaging films. Bioplastic is a type of plastic that is to say created completely or primarily from polymer create from biological sources like sugarcane, vegetables, or starch. It is either biobased or referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect the environment, or it combines both values. A colloid made from kelp is referred to as a phycocolloid; a colloid is a non-crystalline meaning with huge molecules. Phycocolloids are therefore just kelp gums. According to the findings of the current study, agar maybe successfully working to create bioplastic. The use of bioplastic is expanding fast as a result of their definite advantages over conventional flexible. Bioplastic can be secondhand in the packaging sector to generate baby toys, mobile cases, dose and capsule capsules, and more.

Author(s) Details:

Rukmini D. Potdar,
Department of Biotechnology, V. G. Shivdare College, Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur (PAHSUS), India.

Avanti P. Karande,
Linq Therapeutics Pvt LTD, Pune, India.

Mahananda B. Gurav,
Department of Biochemistry, Kolhapur University, Kolhapur, India.

Sneha M. Patil,
Department of Biotechnology, V. G. Shivdare College, Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur (PAHSUS), India.

Sandip S. Fundipalle,
Department of Biotechnology, V. G. Shivdare College, Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur (PAHSUS), India.

Mahadev S. Mhetre,
Department of Biotechnology, V. G. Shivdare College, Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur (PAHSUS), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V8/article/view/8665