Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Using Raw Sewage and Cheese Whey | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

 

The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) using raw sewage has been previously attempted to derive value from waste; however, the yields of PHAs were low. Therefore, we attempted to increase the yield by applying different strategies, such as supplementation of sewage with additional carbon sources, dilution of high-carbon-containing wastewater (cheese whey) with low-carbon-containing wastewater (sewage), and concentration of sewage to improve the available carbon source. After applying these strategies, the PHA production capacity of the bacterium Bacillus sp. CYR1 is enhanced 22-fold. CYR1 incubated using cheese whey (CW) diluted with sewage showed higher PHA production than those incubated using CW diluted with distilled water. The PHA produced in this study was identified as poly-𝛽-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and the characteristics of the produced PHB were comparable to those of standard PHB. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because we show the potential of CYR1 strain in PHB production using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater. The reuse of sewage will help to reduce the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale.

 

The increasing burden placed by plastic waste on the environment has necessitated the protection of our planet from environmental disasters. Thus, switching from limited natural and fossil resources to PHAs for plastic production matches today's concrete initiatives to reach the global Climate and Sustainable Development Goals. On a related note, the constant generation of sewage in our daily activities accounts for a high proportion of the environmental load, and the energy and cost required for sewage treatment are extensive. Thus, the reuse of sewage is essential for reducing the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale. Consequently, painstaking efforts have been taken to transform waste management into resource management. Our group has been working on the production of bioplastics using rejected materials. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to enhance PHA production from sewage by applying different strategies using Bacillus sp. CYR1. A high rate of glucose consumption (83.6%) was also observed. Higher phaC gene expression levels were observed in high-carbon-containing sewage but at lower nitrogen concentrations. Based on these analyses, it was confirmed that the CYR1 strain can be useful for producing PHA using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Young-Cheol Chang

Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan..

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/7908C

 

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Using Raw Sewage and Cheese Whey | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) using raw sewage has been previously attempted to derive value from waste; however, the yields of PHAs were low. Therefore, we attempted to increase the yield by applying different strategies, such as supplementation of sewage with additional carbon sources, dilution of high-carbon-containing wastewater (cheese whey) with low-carbon-containing wastewater (sewage), and concentration of sewage to improve the available carbon source. After applying these strategies, the PHA production capacity of the bacterium Bacillus sp. CYR1 is enhanced 22-fold. CYR1 incubated using cheese whey (CW) diluted with sewage showed higher PHA production than those incubated using CW diluted with distilled water. The PHA produced in this study was identified as poly-β-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and the characteristics of the produced PHB were comparable to those of standard PHB. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because we show the potential of CYR1 strain in PHB production using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater. The reuse of sewage will help to reduce the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale.

The increasing burden placed by plastic waste on the environment has necessitated the protection of our planet from environmental disasters. Thus, switching from limited natural and fossil resources to PHAs for plastic production matches today's concrete initiatives to reach the global Climate and Sustainable Development Goals. On a related note, the constant generation of sewage in our daily activities accounts for a high proportion of the environmental load, and the energy and cost required for sewage treatment are extensive. Thus, the reuse of sewage is essential for reducing the ecological burden and energy consumption on a global scale. Consequently, painstaking efforts have been taken to transform waste management into resource management. Our group has been working on the production of bioplastics using rejected materials. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to enhance PHA production from sewage by applying different strategies using Bacillus sp. CYR1. A high rate of glucose consumption (83.6%) was also observed. Higher phaC gene expression levels were observed in high-carbon-containing sewage but at lower nitrogen concentrations. Based on these analyses, it was confirmed that the CYR1 strain can be useful for producing PHA using low- or high-carbon-containing wastewater.

Author(s) Details:

Young-Cheol Chang,
Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/7908C

Determining the Impact of Genetic Engineering on Replacing Petroleum Based Non-Biodegradable Plastic | Chapter 12 | Innovations in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 1

 Petroleum-based plastics and their non-biodegradable derivatives can't be overlooked because they're used in almost every aspect of our lives, including packaging, textiles, agriculture, electronics, medical, building construction, injection, and moulding. Consumption of these materials is increasing every day, resulting in increased pollution, global warming, and waste management costs, as well as a threat to biodiversity and life on Earth. Because our planet, among the countless planets in space, is the only one with life, it must be protected by reducing pollution and implementing other regulatory measures. Biodegradable plastics should so be used instead of non-biodegradable plastics. Within the poly-hydroxyalkanoates family, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) has been extensively studied and is the best-characterized biodegradable plastic. It's used in a variety of household and packaging items, as well as medical devices. Despite the fact that biodegradable PHB is environmentally friendly and does not require fossil fuels, it has traditionally been prohibitively expensive to manufacture using bacterial fermentation processes involving recombinant E. coli. Recombinant diatoms and transgenic plants have also been investigated for efficient PHB synthesis. However, increasing PHB yield to the theoretical maximum level has proven to be extremely difficult, making industrial scale production impossible. The goal of this chapter is to emphasise the importance of metabolic pathway manipulations in recombinant E. coli in order to address these issues. The main benefit of using genetically engineered E. coli is that PHB granules are not degraded once synthesised, unlike native producers, because they lack PHB degradation pathways. Other advantages of using recombinant E. coli include their ability to I use a variety of low-cost carbon sources, (ii) accumulate large amounts of polymers with higher productivity, (iii) maintain high-cell density fermentation, and (iv) efficiently recover PHB. Because no single technique has yet been proven to be sufficient for producing PHB industrially, this chapter has also shed light on the development of sophisticated and integrated ways for efficient PHB production in order to compete with non-biodegradable petrochemical plastics.

Author (S) Details

Md. Mohiuddin Kabir
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology East West University, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/IMB-V1/article/view/3770