Exploring Nevus Lipomatosis: Case Studies of a Rare Cutaneous Anomaly| Chapter 1 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 9

 

Nevus lipomatosis cutaneous superficialis is a rare benign skin condition with an excellent prognosis following surgical excision. In this chapter, we present a case series of four instances of this uncommon anomaly to enhance awareness and recognition of the disease.

Author (s) Details

Monica Puri
ILBS Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India.

 

Neelam Gupta
Department of Pathology, M.M. Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v9/2273

Minor Salivary Gland Tumours: A Retrospective Study of Cases Treated in a Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria | Chapter 12 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 13

Background: Tumours of the minor salivary glands occurring in the oral cavity are uncommon. The oral cavity has many tiny salivary glands, which occur in the lip, palate, floor of the mouth, cheeks, tongue and pharynx. Tumours could develop from any of these minor salivary glands. The tumours of the minor salivary glands have an insidious onset, oftentimes noticed when the tumour interferes with oral functions such as swallowing, speech, and breathing or when there are associated pains. The incidence of these tumours varies with age, sex and ethnicity.

 

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the nature, clinical features, pathology, and treatment of these tumours in North-West, Nigeria.

 

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients with minor salivary gland tumours that were treated at Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. The study covered a period of eleven years from January 2009 to December 2019. Information was extracted from case files of patients. Data collected includes: age of patient at presentation, sex, location of tumour, clinical features, treatment, complications and histological diagnosis. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 20.0.

 

Results: The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 70 years, with the mean SD = 43.0 ± 6.6 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1:2. Benign tumours were the most common compared to malignancies. The palate was the commonest site of occurrence; followed by the upper lip. The treatment was surgical excision. Malignant cases received post-surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Palatal fistula was the most common complication of the surgery.

 

Conclusion:  Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common tumour in this study.  Tumours in the palate interfere with oral functions and destroy maxillary bone resulting in untoward debilitating effects.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Omisakin Olatunde Oluleke
Department of Surgery, Dental/Maxillofacial Unit, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Ayuba Iko Godwin
Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Fomete Benjamin
Department of Dental Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Ogunsina Modupe
Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

 

Sannom Yates
Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v13/4927

Histopathological Features and Variants of Cardiac Myxoma: A Comprehensive Review | Chapter 15 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 3

Cardiac myxoma is a primary benign neoplasm and accounts for 75% of surgically excised cardiac masses. Although rare, atrial myxomas constitute the most common benign cardiac tumors. Atrial myxoma presents a fascinating problem because of its rarity, manifestations and curability. Symptoms may be related to the hemodynamic effects of obstruction, to embolic phenomena or to systemic manifestations which may mimic collagen disease. This study is a comprehensive review of Cardiac myxoma. Echocardiography is currently the most important noninvasive diagnostic modality available for imaging cardiac tumors. They have an excellent prognosis following surgical excision with occasional recurrence. We report thirteen cases of atrial myxoma in seven females and six males of the 14-66-year age group, with ten in the left atrium and three in the right atrium. Two-dimensional Color Doppler Echocardiography revealed pedunculated masses protruding into atrial chambers. All patients underwent successful surgical excision of the tumor and are asymptomatic since then. None of the patients had recurrence. Surgery is a potential cure for myxomas. The rate of operative mortality ranges from 0–3%.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Anand Deodhar
United CIIGMA Hospital and Research Centre, Auranganbad, Maharashtra, India.

 

Dinesh Kulkarni
Saurabh Histopathology Centre, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v3/152 

 

Outcomes of Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA): Experience from a Single Center in Iraq| Chapter 10 | Perspective of Recent Advances in Medical Research Vol. 3

 Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA); is a transluminal everyday orifice medical procedure, truly scar free and includes minimal postmortem, thus happening in excellent beautifying results in comparison to conventional open thyroidectomy and different endoscopic thyroidectomy procedures. This stage aimed to interpret the outcome, patient delight, and complications afterwards hemithyroidectomy for benign thyroid knots by TOETVA in comparison accompanying the open approach. This study was conducted in Al-Shiffa General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq from August 2017 to June 2019. Fifty inmates with favorable thyroid nodules the one are candidates for hemithyroidectomy were contained in the study; they were divided into two groups in accordance with the method for thyroidectomy which was either unoriginal open or TOETVA based on the patient's inclinations. The results of this study demonstrated that 24 (48%) of them were conducted upon by TOETVA, while the remaining 26 (52%) sufferers have been conducted upon by the open thyroidectomy approach. TOETVA stated a longer mean event of surgery distinguished to open thyroidectomy (93±8.34 min.) and (48±7.45min.).  It stated a higher rate of vindication scores in bodily pain (BP), social functioning (SF), and role-heated (RE), (99.7±0.21), (99.8±0.10) and (99.6±0.13) compared to (78.4±0.22), (44.8±0.64) and (77.3±0.43) for open thyroidectomy. Two cases of transitory recurrent laryngeal nerve friendly were reported in this place study. 1(4.16%) case was in TOETVA and 1(3.84%) case was in open thyroidectomy. Other reported difficulties in this study that were unique for TOETVA, were interim mental nerve friendly in 1 case (4.16 %), cervical subcutaneous emphysema in 1 case (4.16%), and conversion to open thyroidectomy in 1 case (4.16%).In conclusion, the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach is a secure and feasible process with an superior cosmetic consequence and better patient satisfaction. At present, it is a relatively behind procedure and, thus, candidate cases with a forceful motivation for scar-free enucleation are recommended.

Author(s) Details:

Sadq Ghaleb Kadem,
Department of Surgery, Al-Shiffa General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq.

Sabah Abdulsahb Mohamd,
Department of Surgery, Al-Shiffa General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq.

Zainab Taher Ibrahim,
Department of Radiology, Al-Shiffa General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PRAMR-V3/article/view/9069

Histopathology of Nephrectomy Specimens in a Tertiary Care Hospital, India: A Review | Chapter 25 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

 This study was conducted retrospectively over a two-year period at the Department of Pathology at GMC Jammu to identify the Histopathological spectrum of illnesses detected in these collected nephrectomy tissues and compare it to other studies. A total of 70 nephrectomy specimens were obtained. Males made up 40 percent of the cases (57 percent), while females made up 30 percent (43 percent ). The cases ranged in age from three to seventy years. Patients between the ages of 41 and 50 had the highest percentage of patients. Non-neoplastic tumours were the most common (62 cases), followed by malignant tumours and benign tumours, with benign tumours being the least common. Chronic pyelonephritis was the most common inflammatory condition for which nephrectomy was performed (30 instances). Clear cell renal carcinoma was the most prevalent malignant tumour, with three incidences. Pain in the flanks was the most common clinical complaint. Non-neoplastic lesions outnumbered neoplastic lesions. Chronic pyelonephritis was the most prevalent histology diagnosis. Renal cell carcinoma was the most common type of malignant tumour.

Author(S) Details

Bharti Devi Thaker
Department of Pathology, GMC, Jammu, India.

Kailash Singh
Department of Surgery, GMC, Jammu, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V1/article/view/6315

Differential Diagnosis of Focal Hepatic Lesions Using Ultrasound Confirmed with Histopathology: Recent Advancement | Chapter 3 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 Over the last few decades, advances in imaging technologies have helped to better characterise hepatic abnormalities. The goal of this study was to distinguish localised hepatic lesions based on ultrasound (U/S) features and compare the results to histology. A descriptive retrospective research of 100 patients with localised hepatic lesions was conducted at King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, from 2012 to 2019. Adult Saudi patients aged 18 and up met the inclusion criteria. The investigation used LG-9 and Philips ultrasound equipment with 3.5 MHz transducers. The 55 to 80 year old age group accounted for 44% of the total, with a mean age of 49 years and 92 percent of married people. In histology, 86 percent of well-defined lesions margins were benign (p=0.00), 61 percent of ill-defined margin lesions were malignant (p=0.02), and 73 percent of hyperechoic lesions were hemangioma (p=0.02). When it came to the nature of hepatic lesions during U/S, 87 percent of solid lesions (p=0.03) were malignant, while 89 percent of cystic lesions were benign (p=0.03). Sixty-one percent of hypoechoic lesions were cancerous. Under colour Doppler, 80 percent of vascular lesions were benign. The sensitivity and specificity of the U/S test were 93.5 percent and 98 percent, respectively. U/S is a valuable tool for distinguishing cystic hepatic lesions from solid lesions in the liver. (p=0.03). To create a data base for hepatic lesions, comparable studies with large samples must be conducted in the Taif region. With a high degree of sensitivity and specificity, the majority of chosen hepatic lesions with suspicious characteristics were confirmed as malignant in histopathology.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Rania Mohammed Ahmed
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

Ms. Sharifah Alkathiri
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

Ms. Waad Altalhi
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

Ms. Hatun Eid
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

Ms. Manar Alshalawi
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

Ms. Sara Alotaibi
Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, KSA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V9/article/view/2237

A Rare Case of Intraoral Palatal Lipoma | Chapter 13 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasms that develop in the human body from adipose cells. Intraoral lipomas are extremely rare, accounting for less than 5% of all head and neck cancers. Nonetheless, lipoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for swellings of the oral cavity. The mainstay of treatment for intraoral lipoma is surgical excision. Due to the abundance of fat, the buccal mucosa is the most common site of an intraoral lipoma, followed by the tongue, lips, floor of the mouth, and gingiva, with the palate being the rarest due to a lack of adipose tissue. In this case study, the lipoma was found to have originated from the soft palate. To determine a definitive diagnosis, it was surgically excised in its entirety and histopathological examinations were performed. This case is being documented because an intraoral lipoma is unusual, and even more so when it occurs in the palate.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Anuya Satyaprakash Gupta
Department of E.N.T., Symbiosis Medical College for Women & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre, Symbiosis International University (SIU), Lavale, Pune, India.

Dr. Girija Amit Ghate
Department of E.N.T., Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V2/article/view/1359