Bioactive Treasures of Crotalaria multibracteata: Cultivating Sustainable Medicine for Tomorrow | Chapter 8 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 

This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Crotalaria multibracteata within the framework of sustainable therapeutics. It explores the species’ botanical characteristics, ethnomedicinal significance, phytochemical profile, pharmacological properties, and potential applications through green technologies. Traditional medicine has long employed species of Crotalaria for treating a wide range of ailments, from fever and wounds to skin infections and digestive disorders. These uses, documented in several ethnobotanical surveys across Africa and South Asia, suggest the presence of pharmacologically active constituents, although many species, including C. multibracteata, remain underexplored in modern research. Various parts of these plants leaves, roots, seeds, and flowers are employed in poultices, decoctions, infusions, and pastes, often in combination with other herbs. Common ailments addressed include skin infections, ulcers, fever, gastrointestinal disorders, wounds, and inflammatory conditions. Integrating green science principles is critical to unlocking this potential responsibly. Eco-friendly extraction technologies such as supercritical CO₂ and subcritical water extraction can maximise yield and purity while preserving environmental integrity. By embracing interdisciplinary collaboration among ethnobotanists, chemists, pharmacologists, biotechnologists, and conservationists, Crotalaria multibracteata can transition from a largely underexplored plant to a model for sustainable phytotherapeutics. This journey exemplifies the fusion of ancestral wisdom and modern science toward healthier populations and a healthier planet.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Divya Prajapati
Sagar Institute of Research Technology and Science Pharmacy, Bhopal, India.

 

Shivani Tiwari
Sagar Institute of Research Technology and Science Pharmacy, Bhopal, India.

 

Shweta Bharade
Raghukul College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India.

 

Monika Ghodke
Gajanan Maharaj College of Pharmacy, Ch Sambhajinagar, India.

 

Akshada Khetre
Dnyan Ganga College of Pharmacy, Thane, India.

 

Vrushabh Patil
Dr. J. J. Magdum Pharmacy College, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v6/6304

Targeting Molecular Pathways for Atopic Dermatitis Therapy: An Overview | Chapter 8 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 3

 

This study provides a review of Molecular Pathways and the Future Therapeutic Implications for Atopic Dermatitis. No available treatments can provide long-term remission for patients with moderate to severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD) creating a large unmet need for effective systemic treatment. Together with asthma and allergic rhinitis, it constitutes the “Atopic Triad”. The important factors and related mechanisms for AD are the following: (a) Genetic, (b) Neurohumoral, (c) Skin barrier dysfunction, and (d) Immunological mechanisms. Much progress has been made in the understanding of its genetic background and pathophysiology through studies in genetics, epidemiology, and immunology. The cellular interactions, molecular events, and pathways for the pathogenesis of AD were integrated into a hypothesis and reported recently. As the new insights into the immune and molecular pathways of AD increase, a variety of experimental agents, particularly biological agents that target pathogenic molecules bring promise of safe and effective therapeutics. Some of the most promising biological therapies that are in development or in clinical trials are based on principles as the following: Barrier repair, Allergen-specific immunotherapy, Targeted Immunomodulating Therapies (TIT) (Anti-IgE therapy, Anti-CD20, Inhibition of T-cell responses, Th2-cell inhibition strategies/ Anti IL-4 therapies, Anti IL-5 strategies, Anti IL-31), Targeting Th22, Targeting Th17/IL-12/IL-23 pathway, Recombinant IFN-y, Anti IL-6R, Anti TNF agents, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, PPAR-gamma agonists.

All these biological therapies are at different phases of clinical trials. There has been a growing trend toward the use of targeted therapies in treating AD in recent years.  These biological agents would potentially hold great promise for the treatment of AD if they can offer advantages, i.e. low toxicity, good efficacy, improved patient compliance via weekly/biweekly/and even monthly administration, reduction of disease activity, relapse prevention, etc. In Summary, the recent advances in understanding the immunopathogenic mechanisms provide an opportunity for the development of biological therapies directed at pathways driving AD. This is possibly the beginning of an exciting era in AD therapeutics with the impending availability of drugs having low toxicity and increased patient compliance. These expected drugs will not only treat this disease but also prevent the development and relapse of new skin lesions. In this article, attempts have been made to provide an updated account of these new possibilities. The recent advances in our understanding of the immunopathogenic mechanisms implicated in AD provide an opportunity for the development of biological therapies directed at pathways driving AD.

 

Author (s) Details

 

ASM Giasuddin
Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Shafiqul Islam
Department of Dermatology, Medical College for Women & Hospital (MCW&H), MRU, MHWT Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Khadija Akther Jhuma
Department of Biochemistry, MCW&H, Member Secretary, MRU, MHWT Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

AM Mujibul Haq
Department of Medicine, MCW&H & Chairman Projects and Chairman, MRU, MHWT, Plot-4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v3/2459

Stem Cells in Neurocancerology: The Case of Teratocarcinoma and Glioblastoma | Chapter 9 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 8

 

Background: Neural stem cell research is a promising field when considering brain disease and glioblastoma therapy. Efficient strategies for glioblastoma treatment were established targeting oncoproteins or growth factors (i.e. IGF-I, AFP) present during embryonic and fetal development of nervous system tissues originating from neural stem cells.

 

Methodology and Results: In a preclinical experiment, the PCC4 stem cells (derived from teratocarcinoma), which give rise to neoplastic neural cells, were transfected in vitro with the anti-IGF-I vectors (antisense and triple helix approaches). This strategy completely hindered the synthesis of the IGF-I and converted the stem cells into immunogenic cells (expressing MHC-I and B7), inducing an in vivo anti-tumour effect. This strategy was successfully applied to glioblastoma therapy. The anti-IGF-I strategy was recently combined with nanotechnology. The application of nanotechnology in stem cell research is based on the use of nanoparticles (NP) for targeted therapeutics, including gene therapies. NP (i.e. theranostic iron oxide) and IGF-I target related signal transduction pathways that lead to cancer cell apoptosis. Other studies have demonstrated that NP loaded with chemotherapy selectively killed cancer stem cells while sparing normal cells.

 

Conclusion: Stem cell- and immunotherapies, including anti-IGF-I gene therapy combined with nanotechnology targeting glioblastoma, are in permanent progress.

 

Author(s) Details

Maryam Raja
Department of Biotechnology, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran.

Silvia J. Bueno
Faculty of Health Sciences, UNAB University, 681001 Floridablanca, Colombia.

 

Annabelle Trojan
CEDEA & ICGT (Center of Oncology Diagnostic and International Cancer Gene Therapy Foundation), 110010 Bogotá D.C., Colombia and INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, 94802 Villejuif, France. 

 

Gabriela Quintero

Faculty of Health Sciences, UNAB University, 681001 Floridablanca, Colombia and CEDEA & ICGT (Center of Oncology Diagnostic and International Cancer Gene Therapy Foundation), 110010 Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

 

Andres Christian
Hospital Bretonneau, University of Tours, 37000 Tours, France.

 

Hebert O. Siachoque
CEDEA & ICGT (Center of Oncology Diagnostic and International Cancer Gene Therapy Foundation), 110010 Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

 

Yu-Chun Lone
INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, 94802 Villejuif, France.

 

Alvaro Alvarez
Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, 130001 Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.

 

Jerzy Trojan
CEDEA & ICGT (Center of Oncology Diagnostic and International Cancer Gene Therapy Foundation), 110010 Bogotá D.C., Colombia, INSERM UMR 1197, Cancer Center & University of Paris / Saclay, 94802 Villejuif, France and National Academy of Medicine - ANM, 75272 Paris, France.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v8/5843

Advancements in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Therapy: Role of Imatinib, the First Targeted Treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia| Chapter 4 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 3

The therapeutic landscape of CML has rapidly evolved since the introduction of imatinib into clinical practice and patients are expected to have a near normal life expectancy. In the era of second or third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a personalized treatment strategy for individual patients considering comorbidities, tolerability, disease phase and goals of therapy has become the standard of care. Though newer TKIs have a definite role in the treatment of resistant disease, despite achieving quicker and deeper molecular responses no survival improvement is obtained in the front-line setting compared to imatinib. This chapter review is focused on the role of imatinib, the first targeted treatment for CML in the era of novel TKI therapy.

 

Author(s) Details

Jeyanthi Ramanarayanan
Department of Internal Medicine, Nancy and J.C. Lewis Cancer Research Institute, St. Joseph Candler/ Wayne Memorial Hospital, Jesup, Georgia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v3/1238

Evaluating the Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Marecipe AV) in the Treatment of Viral Infections in Animals: A Case Study on ASF, Avian Influenza, and Canine Diseases | Chapter 4 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 5

Background: For more than a century, numerous medical researchers have attempted to discover remedies for viral illnesses. Unfortunately, except for vaccination, no safe and efficient cure has been discovered. There is still no effective treatment for acute viral infections. Marecipe AV therapeutics, a prescription compound of various herbs, has been utilized at our clinic for many years in the treatment of viral infectious diseases and has shown therapeutic effects. In order to obtain clear evidence of efficacy a series of experimental treatments with Marecipe AV has been conducted on animals with lethal viral infectious diseases.

Methods: The oral administration of Marecipe AV has been used to treat several naturally infected viral infections with high morbidity and mortality in animals. The efficacy was measured by comparing mortality rates between treated and untreated animals. An analysis of variance was performed on each data set. The Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test was utilized for comparisons of death between treatment groups. Statistics were performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 for Windows.

Results: The mortality was 28.57% versus 100% among treated and untreated naturally infected pigs with ASF. The mortality was 0% versus 100% for treated and untreated cases when treatment was administered in the early presymptomatic stage.

The mortality was 39.04% versus 100% in treated and untreated naturally infected ducks with Avian influenza, and 0.86% versus 99.83% for treated and untreated ducks when treatment is given in the early presymptomatic stage. For chickens, the mortality was 4.60% versus 85% for treated and untreated, respectively. All surviving ducks and chickens ultimately achieved complete recovery.

For dogs with canine distemper and/or canine parvovirus, the mortality was 10.11% and 82.88% among the treated and untreated. For dogs infected with parvovirus only, the mortality was 0% for treated and 87.5% for untreated. Among dogs simultaneously infected with parvovirus and canine distemper, the mortality was 15.25% and 96.84% for treated and untreated, respectively. All surviving dogs fully recovered.

Conclusions: The findings indicate that Marecipe AV can save lives from several deadly viral infections and cure these viral infections. Marecipe AV therapeutics presents a new effective treatment Opportunity for acute viral infections. Further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and confirm its effectiveness through well-designed clinical trials.

 

Author (s) Details

Jiangnan Feng
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

Zhenghua Ma
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Hua Wu
Department of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

 

Chengsheng Yi
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Meiying Gao
Department of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

 

Dengbin Zhu
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Minghai Ma
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Rui Cheng
Department of Medicine, Taipei Branch of Rui Peng Pet Hospital / Linjiang Branch of Kedao Animal Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

 

Xia Liua
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Xue Feng
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Xianfu Li
Department of Medicine, Zhongde Institute of Psychology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

 

Yu Yan
Department of Medicine, Tongrun Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Nanchong City, Sichuan, China.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v5/2814

Therapeutic Options to Covid-19: A Perspective on Pharmacological Properties and Safety | Chapter 3 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 7

 The aim concerning this chapter is to resolve therapeutic alternatives to try Covid-19, that combine antiviral adding an antagonistic-inflammatory drug, procuring efficiency and security.Coronavirus ailment 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious threat to community health and is in urgent need of specific drugs. There are no pieces of advice for the pharmacological management of COVID-19 ailment, although a number of cures are being evaluated daily investigation of the best healing approach. Some antiviral medications, such as danoprevir, favipiravir, darunavir, nelfinavir, remdesivir, umifenovir, and the alliance of lopinavir and ritonavir, have been judged thus far. Others are drugs targeting instigative mediators such as meplazumab, siltuximab, tocilizumab, azithromycin and corticosteroids. Also included in this place array of tested drugs are those accompanying pleiotropic actions against SARS-CoV-2 infection like chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide, supposed as inhibitors of several phases of bug life cycle. When SARS-CoV-2 contamination is identified, it is important to start a situation plan based on available antiviral substitutes, properly controlled in a suitable medical scene. We recommend that medications that mark inflammatory mediators be overthrown by an enemy into consideration in addition to antiviral alternatives.

Author(s) Details:

Omar F. Carrasco ,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Jesús Enrique Morales-Ríos,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Hugo Juárez Olguín,
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico and Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico.

Monica Punzo Soto,
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V7/article/view/11432

First Identification in Forensic Dentistry Endorsed by the American Justice | Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 8

 In 1849, Webster cancelled Parkman. The latter’s body had never existed found but his dental prostheses had. Webster was jailed and was prosecuted for the murder. The analysis of the dental prostheses completed activity by Parkman’s personal dental surgeon, positively identified the earlier prostheses and which instantly condemned Webster to passing. This was the first case of identification in judicial dentistry which was signed by American courts.

Author(s) Details:

Xavier Riaud,
French Academy of Dental Surgery, 145, Route de Vannes, 44800 Saint Herblain, France.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V8/article/view/9905

A Case Report on Diagnostic, Genetic and Therapeutic Challenges in Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia | Chapter 2 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 We describe a unique B/T/myeloid MPAL case with MLL-AF4 gene rearrangement that was successfully treated with an AML-oriented strategy after pre-phase steroid therapy failed to remove leukemic blasts. MPAL is diagnosed by combining the expression of lymphoid (B- or T-cell) and myeloid markers, which may reveal a B/T lymphoid, B/myeloid, T/myeloid, or even a trilineage B/T/myeloid commitment. Pancytopenia, several bluish-purple skin lesions, gingival bleeding, fever, and night sweats were among the symptoms that landed a 34-year-old Palestinian social worker in Augusta Victoria Hospital in September 2018. Two weeks later, the patient was readmitted for consolidation chemotherapy with 3000 mg/m2 high dosage cytarabine (HIDAC) on days 1, 3, and 5. ALL-oriented chemotherapy has been shown to be more effective, and steroid response may indicate the need to transition to an AML-based strategy.

Author(S) Details

Noran Qawasmeh
College of Medicine, Al-Quads University, Abu-Dies, Palestine.

Mohammed Abu-Rayyan
Hematology Department and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Cancer Care Center, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Mamdouh Skafi
Hematology Department and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Cancer Care Center, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Moien Atrash
Hematology Department and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Cancer Care Center, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Ibrahim Yaghmour
Laboratory Department, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Ahlam Mujahed
Laboratory Department, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Hamdi Al-Janazreh
Hematology Department and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Cancer Care Center, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel.

Fortunato Morabito
Hematology Department and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Cancer Care Center, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem, Israel and Biotechnology Research Unit, Aprigliano, Cosenza, Italy.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V9/article/view/4581

Search for Therapeutics against COVID-19: A Recent Approach | Chapter 5 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13

 Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infect the upper and/or lower respiratory system, causing respiratory illnesses. HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU-1, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are the six human coronaviruses that have been found so far. Four of these coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU-1) are known as circulating common coronaviruses that are prevalent in the human population on a continuous basis and cause largely common colds with a few severe instances. During an epidemic in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, a novel human coronavirus, now known as SARS-CoV-2, was discovered. COVID-19 is the name given to the illness spectrum caused by this virus (Coronavirus Infectious disease 2019). This unique coronavirus has spread around the world, culminating in a global epidemic that is still raging. SARS-CoV-2 has a high case morbidity and fatality rate, making it a serious threat to the elderly, immune-compromised people, and people with other serious illnesses including heart disease, diabetes, and so on.

Our goal is to create a better treatment that can overcome the drawbacks of the current COVID-19 antiviral methods. In summary, our goal is to build a broad-spectrum nano-polymer-based medication candidate that is extremely effective against Coronaviruses, and its mutations are unlikely to be able to escape these drug candidates.

We describe the most recent knowledge on the epidemiology, aetiology, and clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 in this review, as well as address current scientific and pharmacological breakthroughs for clinical treatment of this pandemic new coronavirus.

Author(S) Details

Ashok Chakraborty
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Jayant Tatake
Nano Viricides, Inc., Shelton, CT, USA.

Vijetha Chiniga
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Rajesh Pandey
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Preetam Holkar
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Neelam Holkar
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Vinod Arora
AllExcel, Inc., West Haven, CT, USA.

Randall Barton
Nano Viricides, Inc., Shelton, CT, USA.

Anil Diwan
Nano Viricides, Inc., Shelton, CT, USA.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V13/article/view/5026