Anticancer Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Garlic (Allium sativum) Derived Allicin and Z-Ajoene | Chapter 3 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 9

 

Garlic (Allium sativum) derives much of its anticancer properties from sulfur-containing metabolites generated when cloves are crushed, including Allicin and its more stable rearrangement product Z‑Ajoene. Despite its rapid degradation, Allicin induces mitochondrial-driven apoptosis, changes the Nrf2 pathway to alter cellular redox balance, and inhibits drug efflux proteins (such as P glycoprotein) to render chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells more susceptible. Z‑Ajoene has multiple effects, including triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress_(upregulating BiP/GRP78 and activating the PERK/ATF4/CHOP axis blocking Wnt/β_catenin signaling through CK1α-mediated β-catenin phosphorylation, reducing oncogenic drivers like c-Myc, disrupting vimentin filaments to impair invasion, and selectively targeting cancer stem cells through AKT, TGF_β, Notch, and ERK/p38 pathways. Recent translational efforts include nanoformulation of Allicin for better stability and delivery, as well as combination regimens matching these drugs with traditional chemotherapeutics (e.g., 5-FU, paclitaxel), which demonstrate synergistic tumour suppression and lower systemic toxicity. Nanocage-based delivery systems, such as Al₁₂N₁₂ and B₁₂N₁₂, enhance allicin’s stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery, significantly improving its therapeutic potential.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Shivani L. Bhuse
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PES Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi-411044, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

Pallavi M. Patil
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PES Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi-411044, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

Rajat R. Durbule
Department of Quality Assurance Technique, PES Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi-411044, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

Prathmesh B. Parkale
Department of Quality Assurance Technique, PES Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi-411044, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v9/6041

In-vitro Evaluation on the Antimicrobial Potential of Allium sativum L. (Garlic) and Allium cepa L. (Onion) against Clinically Relevant Bacterial and Fungal Strains | Chapter 6 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 8

Synthetic drug adversities and emerging multi-drug-resistant microbial invasions pose a serious threat in unveiling natural counterparts of which phytochemicals are the best choice. Antimicrobial studies (disk-diffusion method) tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter species, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using onion and garlic fresh extract, aqueous dilution as well as by combining both pure extracts (1:1) proves its potentiality with significant antimicrobial activity. Both extracts can serve as a powerful broad-spectrum antibiotic having comparable or even better activity to that of the control. Pure onion extract exhibits better activity against Enterococcus species (19.3mm against 17mm) whereas pure garlic extract (1:1) shows remarkable activity (18.3mm against 17mm) for Enterobacter species. Moreover, aqueous garlic extract shows a pronounced effect even against the selected gram-positive species also compared to its pure counterpart. Synergism records an appreciable activity against all the selected bacterial as well as fungal species comparable to that of the control itself proving its potentiality as a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Nivetha. S.
Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna College, Aralvoimozhy, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v8/3522

Ayurvedic Treatment and Home Remedies for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus | Chapter 31 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Diabetes disease is rapidly affecting people. There is no sure cure for this disease. Person can live a healthy life only by controlling it. This disease occurs when the pancreas is unable to use a hormone called insulin properly. This hormone is necessary to control sugar in the blood. There is no cure for diabetes and patients have to depend on medicines to keep blood sugar under control. There are many ways to prevent diabetes, including consuming foods with a low glycemic index and engaging in some form of physical activity. Some Ayurvedic remedies can also be useful for diabetes patients, which are Turmeric and fenugreek water, Fenugreek powder, Gurmar, Periwinkle, Pterocarpus marsupium, Tinospora cordifolia, Cinnamon, Fig leaves, Grape seeds, Olive oil, Garlic, Jamun seeds, Neem, Amla, Aloe vera and Bitter gourd.

Author(s) Details:

Arti Kumari,
Department of Zoology, C. M. Science College, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12749

Effecting Factors on Large Scale Production of Medicinally Active Compound in Garlic (Allium sativum) | Chapter 02 | New Visions in Science and Technology Vol. 11

 The goal of this study was to "determine the cause of variations in medicinally active compounds, such as Alliin/Allicin concentration, in various Allium species cultivated in various Indian states." Alliin/Allicin, Di-allyl Disulfide, 2-vinyl-4H-1, 3-dithiin, and Ajoene are medicinally active chemicals found in garlic.

Alliin (Allicin) is an antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering supplement.

Alliin is an amino acid that, in the presence of the enzyme Alliinase, converts to Allicin, which gives garlic its distinctive scent.

Garlic samples (varieties) were obtained from various locations (climatic condition), and alliin was calculated from various portions of the plant.
 
Author(S) Details

Rajesh Kumar Singh
Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), Monad University, Panchshil Nagar, Hapur (U.P.), India.

S. N. Hiremath
Pravara College of Pharmacy, Pravara Nagar, Loni, Dist. Ahmadnagar (MH), India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVST-V11/article/view/5234

Effect of Garlic as Feed Additive on Performance and Economy of Production of Cockerel Chicks | Chapter 13 | Current Strategies in Economics and Management Vol. 5

The growth performance, feed digestibility, economy of production and blood parameter of cockerel chicks fed diets with Garlic as feed addictive (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%) was evaluated in a trial that lasted 8 weeks. Two hundred and forty (240) day old cockerel chicks of the black strain were used; they were randomly allotted to four treatments each representing the level of Garlic addition, with 60 chicks per treatment of three replicates each. The four diets were almost isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Feed and water were offered to the birds daily and data were collated on feed intake, weight gain digestibility of nutrients, serum metabolites and haematological parameters. All data were subjected to ANOVA. The treatments had comparable levels of initial body weight (90.0 g), daily weight gain per bird (6.02 ± 0.39 g) and feed conversion ratio (5.43 ± 0.5 g), while the daily feed intake per bird was significantly (P<0.05) varied and least at 4.5% inclusion level, with corresponding highest (#25,489) profitability and best (P<0.05) digestibility of crude protein, NFE and ether extract. Highest (P<0.05) PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC and lymphocyte was obtained at 4.5% level of inclusion, with corresponding high level of plateles and significantly (P<0.05) depressed urea (3.13 g/dl). The use of garlic in cockerel chicks’ nutrition up to 4.5% is beneficial, for the enhancement of growth, digestibility wellbeing and profitability. 

Author(s) Details

Dr. Kehinde, Abiodun SolomonDepartment of Wildlife and Ecotourism, Forestry Research Institute of Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Babatunde, Taiye Oluwasola
Department of Forestry Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Kehinde, Olujide Johnson
Onigambari Forest Reserve, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/199