Evaluation of Cowpea Cultivars for Resistance to Cowpea Mottle Virus in Mokwa, Nigeria | Chapter 2 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

An evaluation of cowpea cultivars for resistance to cowpea mottle virus (CPMoV), a virus in the Carmovirus genus, was conducted at the Screen House of Niger State College of Agriculture. Five cowpea cultivars—Langbazo, Ezomilkigi, Ezobokun, Ezokapangi, and IT07K-277-2—were assessed for resistance to CPMoV. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments plus an un-inoculated control, replicated three times. Data on disease incidence, plant height, and leaf number were collected at 3, 6, and 9 weeks post-inoculation (WPI) from randomly selected, tagged plants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16 to evaluate variance (ANOVA). Results indicated that control plants treated with buffer exhibited significantly better growth metrics than the virus-inoculated plants. Among the virus-inoculated cultivars, Langbazo and IT07K-277-2 showed significantly higher plant height and leaf number, suggesting they possess resistance traits. These resistant traits could potentially be incorporated into high-yielding genotypes to create CPMoV-resistant cowpea varieties. Additional studies are recommended to further investigate these cultivars’ defensive properties for potential use in hybridization programs.

 

Author (s) Details

 

A. S. Paiko
Department of Pest Management Technology, Niger State College of Agriculture, PMB, 109, Mokwa, Nigeria.

 

L.Y. Bello
Department of Crop Production, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.

 

A. C. Wada
National Cereals Research Institute, Yandev Station, Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v9/3124

Textbook of Microbial Diversity | Book Publisher International

The Textbook of Microbial Diversity is a comprehensive book that explores the diverse world of microorganisms. It covers various groups of microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and protists, emphasizing their unique characteristics, classification, and ecological roles. The book often integrates information from microbiology, ecology, and genetics to offer a detailed understanding of how these organisms contribute to the environment, human health, and industrial applications. The key topics covered in this book include microbial classification and taxonomy, diversity of microbial life exploring the immense variety of microbial species found in different ecosystems, microbial ecology that discusses the fundamental interactions between microbes and their environment and their role in nutrient cycling, biotechnological applications of microbes in various sectors and outline of the use of various modern techniques require to study microbial diversity. The book aims to provide readers with a foundational understanding of microbial life and the methods used to study and appreciate its complexity and importance. It serves as a useful resource for degree students, researchers, and teachers interested in microbiology, botany, ecology, and other related fields.

 

Author (s) Details

Dr. Dipak Kewalramji Koche
Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Akola (MS), India.

 

Dr. Rupali Prakash Shirsat
Department of Botany, Shri Dr. R. G. Rathod Arts & Science College, Murtizapur District Akola (MS), India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-64-0

Evaluating Public Bathroom Stall Safety: Occupancy Patterns and Disease Transmission Risks during COVID-19 | Chapter 6 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 4

 The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of hygiene in public spaces, particularly in frequently used areas such as public bathrooms. COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases can be transmitted through contact with shared surfaces such as those found in public bathrooms. High-touch surfaces such as door handles, flush levers and toilet paper dispensers can potentially contribute to spreading disease-inducing viruses and bacteria. The risk of contamination and subsequent disease transmission in public bathrooms underscores the need for stringent hygiene practices. One strategy to mitigate this risk at an individual level is to use the least used bathroom stall, with less human traffic and potentially fewer pathogens. This study looked at occupancy rates of bathroom stalls in a public facility. Observation of stall occupancy was recorded at separate times. Only times when at least 1 stall was occupied were recorded. There were three stalls in a row. Stall 1 was located at one end, with one partition of this stall against a wall and the other partition was shared with the middle stall. Stall 2, the middle stall, shared a partition with Stall 1 and 3. Stall 3 shared a partition with Stall 2 and the other partition was adjacent to an open common area in the restroom. There was a total of 37 observations. Stall 1 was occupied 62% of the time, Stall 2 occupied 30% of the time and Stall 3 occupied 32% of the time. Stall 1, Stall 2 and Stall 3 accounted for 50%, 24% and 26% of overall occupancy. Stall 1 was significantly more likely to be occupied than Stall 2 or 3 (62% vs 30%, p = 0.0051 and 62% vs 32%, p = 0.0104). Stall 2 had the lowest occupancy, but statistically equally likely as Stall 3 to be occupied (30% vs 32%, p = 0.802). In conclusion, in a bank of 3 stalls, the least used one was the middle one and the most used was the end one with an adjoining wall. Higher occupancy rates mean greater usage and potentially greater chances of disease transmission. The stall with the greatest privacy was used the most.

 

Author (s) Details

Thomas F Heston
Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA and Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v4/3993

The Old Meets the New: Efficacy and Mechanisms of Biophotonic Therapies in Viral and Microbial Illness | Chapter 10 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

The present Brief Communication is established retrospective analysis and review of patient effects using biophotonics and bioelecrromagnetic healings as a primary treatment menu for patients accompanying confirmed HIV, antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and additional infectious disease. A member of the Coronaviridiae family, the currently discovered coronavirus SARS-COV-2 is well known to cause respiring, gastrointestinal, and other ailments in both humans and mammals. It has been connected to the COVID-19 illness.1,2 The coronavirus strain that causes Covid-19 is also innately related to few zoonotic viruses isolated from pangolin, bats, and camels that have earlier caused respiratory disease in humans, in spite of the SARS-COV-2 viral strain's precise inception or source has not still been determined.  Thus, in theory the human infections likely manage have occurred from an intermediate animal host by way of incidental interspecies broadcast or other unconfirmed epidemiological inceptions as is believed to have happen with the MERS strain. Prior to January 2020, the coronavirus Sars 2-Cov-19 universal first appeared in Wuhan, China, and then swiftly spread throughout the globe from spring to fall of that same year.2 Millions of nation were affected general by the newly labeled virus by year's end, and the contamination has persisted through the day. During this time, various infectious COVID-19 mutations have progressed, some of which have a bigger potential for infection than the original bacterium. There have been ongoing outbreaks of the circulating quickly mutants, which frequently perform to bypass former variants and immunities developed through vaccinations.  These situation modalities have happened utilized successfully for many age both for the situation of infectious illnesses and for the washing of PPE and other patient-connected requests, prior to the incident of antimicrobial and antiviral pharmaceutic agents as the current standard of care similarly present-day remedies for infectious diseases.  Several earlier undefined healing benefits of sunlight exposure have happened practiced in many educations for thousands of years, long before the finding of the photon and introduction of countless recently discovered microscopic biological approaches in the treatment of human ailment and disease, and accompanying the contributions of modern healing approaches are likely to persist well into the next millennia.

Author(s) Details:

George P. Einstein,
University of Science Arts & Technology, Montserrat and Einstein Medical Institute, USA.

Avtandil Anaushvili,
Einstein Medical Institute, USA and Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation.

Orien L. Tulp,
University of Science Arts & Technology, Montserrat and Einstein Medical Institute, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V4/article/view/10136

Promising Antimicrobial Activities of Malpighiaceae Family and Its Outcome for Oral Cavity Infectious Diseases | Chapter 10 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 Current medical therapies for oral infectious diseases are limited by the specificity and tolerance of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, necessitating the production of novel substances. Plants have long been a source of active chemical agents; however, in the case of Malpighiaceae, a flowering plant family with secondary metabolites that have shown a range of pharmacological effects with promising results, further research is still needed. Because of the importance of oral infections to global human health and their effect on the complications of patients with some chronic conditions, the purpose of this contribution is to provide an overview of the extracts and active constituents isolated from Malpighiaceae species, with a focus on their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities in recent years. Similarly, we study the possible production of dosage forms for Malpighiaceae-derived potential products.

Author (s) Details

Maira Huerta-Reyes
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del SeguroSocial, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas
Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Microbiología Oral, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Getsemaní Sinaí Villanueva-Amador
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del SeguroSocial, Ciudad de México, Mexico and Laboratorio de Patología Clínica y Experimental, División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Luis Alberto Gaitán-Cepeda
Laboratorio de Patología Clínica y Experimental, División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V1/issue/view/38