Harad (Terminalia chebula Retz.): A Potential Candidate for Reversible Contraception in Male | Chapter 8 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 7

 

Aims: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the contraceptive potential of Harad (Terminalia chebula Retz.) with respect to dose and reversibility in male albino mice.

Study Design: Aqueous bark extract of Harad was administered orally at 100 (G III), 300 (G IV) and 500 (G V) mg/kg BW to males for 35 d. At the end of the experiment, partially anesthetized animals in treated groups (G I-V) were sacrificed at 24 h after the last treatment, while those in recovery groups (G VI-VII) were sacrificed together at 42 d after the last treatment after recording their final body weights.

Methodology: A total of 35 adult (age 12-14 w) male laboratory albino mice of proven fertility belonging to the Parkes (P) strain weighing 28-38 g were used in the investigation. The effect of Harad treatment was studied by evaluating alterations in the histology of the testis and accessory sex organs, sialic acid and fructose levels, sperm, and fertility parameters. Toxicological and recovery studies were also carried out.

Results: Harad treatment caused dose-related histological alterations in reproductive organs accompanied by reductions in weights, a decrease in the height of germinal epithelium as well as the diameter of stage VII tubules, and an increase in the percent frequency of affected seminiferous tubules in testes. Treatment showed an adverse effect on biochemical and sperm parameters; libido was not affected, but fertility was suppressed significantly in Harad-treated males compared to controls. However, 42 d after treatment withdrawal, alterations in reproductive end points and fertility recovered to control levels. Body and organ weights, histoarchitecture of vital organs, levels of ALT, AST, and creatinine, and hematological parameters remained unchanged after Harad's treatment.

Conclusion: The results suggest that Harad causes dose-dependent reversible contraception in male albino mice without any toxicity.

 

Author (s) Details

Mr. Prakash Chandra Gupta (Assistant Professor)
Department of Zoology, Keshav Prasad Mishra Rajkiya Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Bhadohi-221 301 (Affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith), Varanasi, India.

 

Prof. (Dr.) Laxmi Yadav
Department of Zoology, Keshav Prasad Mishra Rajkiya Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Bhadohi-221 301 (Affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith), Varanasi, India

 

Please see the link :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v7/1054

Cooperative Effects of Semen and Seminal Fluid of Immunized Males on Embryo Development| Chapter 6 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 6

 The differential impact of spermatozoa and original liquid of male CD1 mice vaccinated with KLH antigen (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) on the advancement of pre-and post-implantation undeveloped organisms (16 days) were examined. We show that vaccination of male mice decreases the progress of in vitro treatment and the endurance of undeveloped organisms at the blastocyst stage. Openness of proxy moms to the fundamental liquid of inoculated guys not just wipes out the adverse consequence of vaccination on spermatozoa, yet in addition animates the development pace of undeveloped organisms because of the upgraded conveyance of maternal assets. These outcomes highlight potential situations for the effect of antigen challenge on male conceptive capability, including inoculation or viral diseases.

Author(s) Details:

G. V. Kontsevaya,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

L. A. Gerlinskaya,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Y. M. Moshkin,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

M. V. Anisimova,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

A. K. Stanova,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

T. I. Babochkina,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.

M. P. Moshkin,
Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia and  Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V6/article/view/7912

Copulation duration Allometry in Worm-like Millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Helminthomorpha) | Chapter 5 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 Copulation duration variance in mate-guarding worm-like millipedes was examined as one of many determining factors of copulation duration across arthropods. In worm-like millipedes, the goal was to compute copulation duration allometry. The null hypothesis was that mean copulation duration and variance were unaffected by body mass. The length of copulation and the standard deviation squared for 20 millipede populations were taken from the literature. The length of copulation was highly associated to variation (r=0.87, Z score= 5.74, n=21, p0.01). These included forest species such as Gigantowales chisholmi (0.09) and Alloporus uncinatus (Mazowe-Hwange) (4238.01). (C. anulatus, C. inscriptus, C. ruber). Female mass (r=0.68, Z score=2.89, n=15, p0.01) was shown to be linked with copulation duration variance (r=0.68, Z score=2.89, n=15, p0.01). Male mass (r=0.80, Z score=3.85, n=15, p0.01) was shown to be linked with copulation length variance (r=0.80, Z score=3.85, n=15, p0.01). These relationships were not significantly different (z=-0.67, n=15, 15, p=0.50). Male mass was only slightly linked with copulation duration (r=0.40, Z score=1.55, n=16, p=0.06). Female mass was not associated to copulation duration (r=0.33, Z score=1.22, n=16, p=0.11). These correlation coefficients were identical (z=0.23, n=16, 16, p=0.82). When intraspecific variation in copulation length was controlled, it was shown that it was negatively related to size and connected with the severity of sperm competition (equal). The duration of copulation is controlled by males based on the mass and intensity of sperm competition.

Author(s) Details:

Mark Cooper,
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5867

The Copulation duration Allometry in Centrobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae)| Chapter 4 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 Copulation duration variance in forest millipedes was examined as one of the deciding elements of copulation duration across arthropods. The goal was to figure out how much variance there was in copulation time. The null hypothesis was that mean copulation duration and variance were unaffected by body mass. In the literature, copulation duration and standard deviation squared for four millipede populations were found. Copulation duration and variance were associated (r=0.95, r2=0.90, n=5, p=0.01). C. anulatus had the shortest duration (34.9 minutes) and C. inscriptus had the longest (303 minutes) The variance in copulation length was linked with female mass (r=0.95, z-score=1.86, n=4, p=0.03). Millipedes, like several arachnids, had a correlation between copulation duration and variance in copulation duration and intra-specific size variation. Female mass and copulation time were associated (r=0.99, z-score=2.71, n=4, p0.01). Male mass was associated to sexual size dimorphism (r=-0.97, z-score=-2.17, n=4, p=0.01). Longer copulation duration was thought to be connected to sperm competition intensity and female control of copulation duration. Females regulate the length of copulation dependent on their bulk.

Author(s) Details:

Mark Cooper,
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5866