Marine Collagen Peptides: A Novel Therapeutic Avenue for Musculoskeletal Disorders | Chapter 7 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 10

 

Musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and sarcopenia lead to an increasing global health burden. Marine collagen peptides (MCPs) are the most promising candidate for nutritional intervention and have significant advantages compared to their terrestrial counterparts in terms of bioavailability, immunogenicity, and sustainable exploitation using fish by-products. This chapter provides an overview of published scientific evidence on the efficacy and modes of action of M CPs for musculoskeletal health. Based on preclinical studies, done mostly in animal and in vitro models, marine collagen can prevent the progression of osteoarthritis, increase bone mineral density, and promote differentiation of osteoblasts. The underlying mechanisms were related to the suppression of pro-inflammatory and catabolic factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and promotion of anabolic genes, collagen type II alpha 1 chain (COL2A1). Nevertheless, the clinical evidence is limited, and there is an urgent requirement for more large RCTs (randomised controlled trials) of long-term to confirm these preclinical findings for the human population. In addition, there are substantial voids related to dose-response effects, comparative effectiveness across marine sources, and sequence-specific bioactive peptide sequences. Standardisation of product quality, purity and contaminant screening is a key obstacle within the field to clinical translation and public confidence. This chapter includes a review of the literature, identifies key gaps in research, and provides recommendations to advance the science to fully realise the therapeutic potential of marine collagen peptides for musculoskeletal health.

 

Author(s) Details

A. A. Zubair
PG and Research Department of Aquaculture and Fishery Microbiology, MES Ponnani College, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v10/7243

Significance of Sarcopenia and the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Elderly Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Chapter 02 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 The goal of this study was to look at the relationship between preoperative systemic inflammation, GNRI, PNI, and sarcopenia in senior ESCC patients to see whether there was a link between them and their prognosis. A total of 121 elderly individuals with ESCC had their clinical data gathered. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was produced after computed tomography (CT) was used to quantify the skeletal muscle area at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae (L3). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs).

 

A total of 121 ESCC patients over the age of 65 were included in the study. Sarcopenia was found in 65 of the patients. Sarcopenia is linked to the genes NLR, PNI, and GNRI. The prognosis of ESCC patients with sarcopenia and/or fibromyalgia. Patients with ESCC who had sarcopenia and/or NLR>2.24 had a considerably poorer prognosis. Patients with sarcopenia had a substantially worse overall survival (P0.0001) than those without sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia was shown to be associated to PNI, GNRI, NLR, and PNI. Sarcopenia and NLR are distinct prognostic factors for elderly ESCC, but when combined, they have a better predictive value.


Author(S) Details

Huajian Peng
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China.

Xiang Tan
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China.


View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V10/article/view/6954

Determination of a Possible Benefit of 4-Aminoquinoline Drugs to Reset Post-Acute Inflammation in Old Age | Chapter 14 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 Chronic low-amplitude systemic inflammation is common in the elderly, and it contributes to various aspects of the frailty phenotype, including sarcopenia, low mood, and higher degrees of reliance on others for vital activities, as well as increased all-cause mortality. Patients with this type of "inflammaging" had elevated baseline levels of many pro-inflammatory cytokines in their peripheral blood, including tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta, as well as persistently elevated C-reactive protein. There is an obvious need to find therapies, such as medicines, that can reduce inflammation by assisting the innate immune system in returning to a less inflamed state. Such qualities can be seen in a variety of pharmacological classes. The goal of this chapter is to provide a summary of the background science on the relationship between ageing, inflammation, and frailty, followed by an explanation of the established role of methyl-xanthines, particularly theophylline, as immune modulating drugs, and finally a case for the use of 4-aminoquinolines, such as chloroquine, in a similar role. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of various groups of medications are compared, leading to the recommendation that formal clinical trials of chloroquine as an adjuvant immune modulator for "inflammaging" and persistent post-acute inflammation in old age be done.

Author(S) Details

Stephen Allen
The Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Dorset, UK and Centre for Postgraduate Medical Research and Education, Bournemouth University, Dorset, UK.

Divya Tiwari
The Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Dorset, UK and Centre for Postgraduate Medical Research and Education, Bournemouth University, Dorset, UK.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V7/article/view/4539