Globally and regionally in Sub-Saharan Africa, accessibility
to safe and clean water remains a cradle component to mediate the high demands
for water. One water point center with quality safe, and clean water supply to
population health and others in one health concepts of health around us, at the
community health level. However, over 37% of the developing world’s population
has limited access to affordable clean water. 2.5 billion Population health,
have limited access to improved affordable basic sanitation and hygiene
infrastructures. Over 780 million population health still have increased uptake
of unsafe drinking water, associated with increased low uptake or access to
quality hygiene and sanitation practices, Thus, contrary to the 8th ELEMENTS of
primary health care PHC resolutions, passed in the WHO conference at Alma Ata
Declaration in 1978. Which is one of the pillars of global health. Trans Nzioa
County like many Counties in Kenya faces considerable challenges to accessing,
affordable clean, and safe water and sanitation infrastructures and
non-infrastructures, as one of the key Millennium Development Goals (MDGs),
Sustainable goals and universal coverage target objectives on Primary
Prevention better than cure. The County has four Sub counties namely Bondeni,
Suwerwa, Kaplamai, and Waitaluk, which are blended with inadequate access to
affordable safe clean water and sanitation services, coupled with poor hygiene
practices at the lower Community households, which, kill and sicken vulnerable
cohorts in the wide burden of diseases, in society, specifically women,
adolescence and under-fives children. Who majority spend 4–5 times per day,
fetching water from unprotected springs, rivers, or boreholes and thus, are
overwhelmed with various health risks of the burden of water-related
communicable diseases. It was these reasons that led to the study Role of
community participation in integrated Water Hygiene and Sanitation (WASH)
programs in the Supply of Accessible Safe and Clean Water to Community Households
in Trans Zioa County to enable the sustainability of structures, through
synergistic partnership of the National Government of Kenya, County government
of Transnzioa, in partnerships with kind Development partners mainly WHO,
UNICEF, USAID and UN-Habitat, to form integrated water resource management
programs, for supplying accessible and affordable safe and clean water to its
community households, to prevent control water-related communicable diseases.
Descriptive Cross-sectional and triangulation designs of mixed research methods
were used in data collection. A sample size of 297 respondents participated.
Purposive, census, and quota sampling techniques were adopted, using sampling
frames of community households in each Division with limited access to safe and
clean water services. Structured questionnaire tool was utilized in
quantitative surveys, Key Informant Interviews (KII) guides, Focus Group
Discussion, (FGD) guides were used, Qualitative interviews to discuss themes
into saturations to achieve the values of findings, using triangulation design.
Data was statistically managed by MS Excel and SPSS version 27. Analysis was by
cross-tabulation of descriptive and inferential statistics, to measure central
tendency, and dispersion respectively. Results showed secondary attained
households are critical for efficient implementation of safe and clean water
supply compared to primary attained households, male participation in water
issues was minimal (41%). Accessibility to safe water from one source, by the majority
of residents,’ remains low (30 %). Hand washing after visiting latrine is still
low (43%). However, the majority of households (88%) utilized latrines. Global
health participation in the integrated programs was 37% in the County. Need for
more grants and well-wishers for Public Private Provision programs in water
resource management, and also policies put in place, to increase male
involvement in community participation in integrated accessibility of safe and
clean water supply to community households, Water Sanitation and Hygiene WASH
programs in Trans Nzioa County is timely required due to their limited
involvement as noted in the study.
Author(s) Details
Maurice Barasa Silalia
Mount Kigali University, Rwanda.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpassr/v4/1951
