Effect of IASTM on Low Back Pain Patients: Study Protocol | Chapter 4 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 9

 

Background: Since low back pain (LBP) is associated with both disability and absenteeism, it is an important public health concern that often results in referrals to medical services. LBP is positioned below the costal edge and above the gluteal curvature. Since up to two-thirds of adults experience LBP at some point in their life, it is the most common musculoskeletal ailment. The literature has documented a variety of treatment modalities for LBP, ranging from electro-physical agents to patient education, contingent on the severity of the symptoms. Even with treatment for LBP, recurrence is prevalent, necessitating the use of an increasingly effective method such as IASTM. In addition to conventional treatment for low back pain, it has been a popular therapeutic strategy for myofascial constriction in recent years. Very few publications have examined the impact of IASTM on low back pain, according to a literature search. Thus, the goal of this research is to determine how well IASTM works for those with low back discomfort.

 

Methodology: All participants coming to Physiotherapy OPD were screened as per the routine musculoskeletal assessment. Those who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study were requested to fill out the informed consent form. Those participants who fell under the exclusion criteria were excluded from the study. Participants were randomly allocated to either the Interventional group or the control group with the use of simple randomization. Once the assessment was completed the patients were treated as per the treatment protocol devised for the Interventional group or control group respectively. Patients in both groups (Interventional group and control group) received 2 days of treatment (on 1st day and 7th day) in a week.

 

Outcome Measures: Primary outcome–Modified Schober's test, Secondary outcome: Visual Analog scale, Oswestry disability index.

 

Statistical Analysis:  Both descriptive and inferential statistics were done with taking help of a Biostatistician. The latest version of SPSS software available with the Biostatistician was used for doing the statistical analysis.

 

Conclusion: This study protocol presents an RCT on the efficacy of IASTM and General Back exercises in patients with Low back pain. The results of this RCT will be helpful in contributing better insights into the efficacy of IASTM on pain levels, range of motion of the lumbar spine and activities of daily living performance in LBP subjects.

 

Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI), with the registration number for the trial being CTRI/2023/05/052764.

 

Author(s) Details

Noel Samuel Macwan
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India.

 

Vandit Gandhi
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v9/1254

 

Understanding Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Physiotherapeutic Perspective | Chapter 3 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 8

Mechanical Low Back Pain (MLBP) represents a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder that significantly affects individual well-being and workforce productivity. This chapter provides an in-depth examination of the anatomical and biomechanical contributors to MLBP and presents a structured, physiotherapy-centred framework for its evaluation and management. Emphasis is placed on multimodal treatment strategies—including manual therapy techniques, therapeutic exercise programs, pain management modalities, and ergonomic training. The chapter also explores the importance of functional rehabilitation and patient education in promoting long-term recovery and preventing recurrence. Through a holistic and evidence-informed approach, physiotherapists can effectively restore mobility, reduce pain, and empower patients to maintain spinal health and active lifestyles.

 

Author(s) Details

Mayur Kalavadiya
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

 

Drashti Raithatha
Indian Red Cross Society, Gir Somnath, Gujarat, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v8/5864

 

Understanding of Pain by Digital Tender Point Testing | Chapter 3 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 10

Digital tender point (TP) testing was one of the first quantitative sensory tests (QST) introduced to clinical practice. TP examination has been limited to a few low back pain (LBP) studies. TP examination should be taught, exercised and evaluated in LBP patients and also compared to the other types of QST. This study discusses the potential of TP examination in LBP patients for improving pain management. The study also raises a question that should be answered in future studies: Would it be more feasible in daily practice to use a questionnaire than using a TP examination in the first place? And if so, what is to be preferred, the fibromyalgia survey or CSI?

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ole Kudsk Jensen
The Spine Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v10/4514

Bertolotti’s Syndrome: A Rare Case of Low Backache | Chapter 1 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 5

Bertolotti’s syndrome was first described in 1971 and is characterized by an abnormal enlargement of the transverse process of the most caudal lumber vertebra i.e. L5. The Lumbosacral transition of the L5 vertebra is an anatomical variation. An enlarged transverse process of the L5 vertebra may form a pseudo joint with the ilium or sacrum. This may lead to low back pain, especially in young adults due to changes in biomechanical properties of the lumber spine. This condition is referred to as Bertolotti’s syndrome.

We present the case of a 40-year-old male surgeon with low backache not responding to oral and intravenous pain killers which prevented him from carrying out his daily routine activities. The pain was severe, excruciating and radiating to the right buttock with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score ranging from 8/10. There was tenderness over the right sacroiliac area provoked by deep palpation. A provisional diagnosis of right sacroilitis was made. Fluoroscopy revealed anomalous articulation between the right enlarged L5 transverse process with ipsilateral ala of sacrum forming a pseudo arthrosis with maximum tenderness over it. A radiograph of the lumbar spine revealed a typical lumbosacral transition of the L5 vertebra with a large L5 transverse process articulating with ala of the sacrum. Periarticular injection at the pseudo joint with 0.1 % bupivacaine and triamcinolone 40 mg was given under fluoroscope and confirmed with dye. There was immediate relief from pain. In young individuals with chronic low back pain diagnosis of Bertolotti’s syndrome should also be kept in mind. In our case infiltration of local anesthetic and steroids into the pseudoarthrosis under fluoroscope guidance resulted in the resolution of the symptoms.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Liaquat Ali
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Clinical skill lab, Foundation University School of Health Sciences/Foundation University Islamabad, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

 

Sana Nasir
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Foundation University School of Health Sciences/ Foundation University Islamabad, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

 

Umer Ali
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Clinical skill lab, Foundation University School of Health Sciences/Foundation University Islamabad, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Khaleel Ahmed
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Clinical skill lab, Foundation University School of Health Sciences/Foundation University Islamabad, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v5/2226G

Is There a Relationship between Lumbar Spine Flexion and Low Back Pain? A Narrative Review | Chapter 7 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

This unit investigates the effects of lumbar backbone flexion on LBP and why the health care specialists criticize the lumbar backbone flexion for low back pain. Low back pain (LBP) is a widely governing chronic pain disorder associated with a extreme burden on individuals and institution. There is increasing evidence appearance that LBP prevalence is still increasing in the developing realm. Healthcare professionals warn patients to rapidly stop performing lumbar flexion whenever a patient evolves low back pain for some reason, including an harm or muscle spasm.  A few studies suggest that skilled is no relevant issue in operating lumbar flexion in LBP. The study indicates that when resolving EMG activity across healing and healthy communities, the scope of flexion regarded as confusing.

Author(s) Details:

Harmanpreet Kaur,
Department of Physiotherapy, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.

Saikripa Raman,
Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research Department, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V9/article/view/11691

Diagnosis of Lumbosacral Radiculopathy: MRI vs NCS | Chapter 8 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 5

 This branch evaluate the potential of soleus H-mechanical for diagnosis of radiculopathies along with allure comparison accompanying imaging (MRI) and clinical test.  Since Mixter & Barr initially illustrated lumbrosacral radiculopathy in 1934, it has become one of the most prevailing causes of low back pain. In the current study, we determined and contrasted the profit of MRI of the lumbosacral spine and Soleus H-Reflex study for the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy.An practical cross-sectional study was acted on 20 patients (11 females & 9 men) clinically diagnosed as lumbosacral radiculopathy at orthopaedic OPD of R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata. Soleus H-Reflex study was acted first and then they had undergone MRI of L-S backbone. All collected dossier were analyzed by SPSS programme. There may be noncompressive causes of radiculopathy that include blood deficiency, trauma, neoplastic combination, spinal infections, postradiation harm, immune-arbitrated diseases; these present with electrodiagnostic patterns alike from nerve root compression.55% victims showed radiculopathy in their MRI while H-Reflex was abnormal in 80% victims. Out of these 80%, 40% showed concerned with one side absence, 35% mutual absence and 5% decreased H size. There was significant equivalence between MRI and H-reflex study accompanying a p value of 0.013. According to kappa cooperative assessment there was moderate substance of agreement 'tween these two tests (Kappa-0.468). An interesting finding was that 5 sufferers out of 9 the one had normal MRI; had odd H-Reflex result (55.56%). The study can be concluded that H-mechanical is an efficient demonstrative tool for lumbosacral radiculopathy as evidenced by 80% bizarre result, whereas MRI displayed 55% positive results.It is a useful demonstrative tool because individuals accompanying L-S Radiculopathy exhibit an aberrant H-Reflex in 80% of cases. More than 55% of patients accompanying clinically diagnosed radiculopathy the one also have normal MRIs leave abundance of potential for further investigation into either functional change can happen former than structural oddities seen on MRI.

Author(s) Details:

Sandip Kumar Parui,

Department of Physiology, R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V5/article/view/11388

Epidural Steroid Injections in Low Backache: An Overview | Chapter 4 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

 The purpose of the member is to learn the effectiveness of epidural steroid injections in low backache. Epidural steroid injections supply reliable pain relaxation in patients with depressed back pain and radicular symptoms but not main back pain, as depicted by various studies in the article. The epidural area is introduced with steroids to reduce redness, relieve pain, and prevent using drugs or surgery. The injections are used to free back pain brought on by congested and irritated spinal nerve ancestries. The study concluded that epidural steroid injections maybe safely administered three to four periods per year, accompanying at least two weeks between injections. Two to three injections are repeatedly required to efficiently relieve pain. If the injections do not provide meaningful relief, a conference with the treating doctor is urged to discuss supplementary treatment options.

Author(s) Details:

Siddharth Jain,
Department of Orthopaedic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, M.P., India.

Pankaj Kumar Mishra,
Department of Orthopaedic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, M.P., India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V4/article/view/9936

Assessment of Anterior Pelvic Tilt in Persons with Low Back Pain, Tamilnadu, India- A Cross Sectional Study| Chapter 5 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 10

 Anterior pelvic tilt was raised in low back pain victims (male - 14.15∘ and female - 16.26∘). The link between sons and the visual parallel scale (VAS) was not significant in this study. Female prior pelvic tilt and VAS, on the other hand, presented a significant link (p<0.01). According to the findings concerning this study, there is an increase in prior pelvic tilt among subjects suffering from depressed back pain. In females, anterior pelvic tilt and VAS were well associated, but not in men.

Author(s) Details:

D. Malarvizhi,
SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kancheepuram District, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.

R. Sai Kishore Varma,
SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kancheepuram District, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V10/article/view/8799

Identifying Relations between Posture and Pain in Lower Back Pain Patients | Chapter 14 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 "The body's attitude or the arrangement of the limbs when standing or sitting" is how posture is defined. There are several other positions to choose from, including lordotic, swayback, flat back, and anterior pelvic tilt. Everyone views pain to be an unpleasant feeling or sensation in other elements of their lives. Low back pain, in particular, can be debilitating and frightening for many people, who can often recover without the help of a doctor or any medication by simply changing their posture or completing the action. A range of factors, in addition to the postural defect, contribute to low back discomfort, including age, sedentary lifestyle, anxiety, and sleep. When it comes to back discomfort, though, posture has become deeply ingrained in people's minds. Back pain can be alleviated by correcting one's posture, according to health professionals. Our posture deteriorates as we age, yet this does not appear to be a source of pain. If you can't move your body, it's not because you have a posture problem; it's because you have a mobility problem. According to a study, there is no variation in the lordotic angle of people who suffer from LBP. The range and speed of the movement done has decreased. It's your mobility, not whether you're standing or sitting, that counts. The study's main purpose was to see if there was a link between static posture and discomfort. Researchers looked into whether there was a link between low back pain and posture in patients with low back pain. According to current research, there is no link between posture and low back pain. This evidence has been backed up by numerous studies. When doing a big deadlift, landing a leap, or engaging in any physical exercise, we allude to the importance of posture and alignment. As a result, the motivation to produce a paper on this subject arises from a desire to change the mindset of many people who are concerned about their postural defects or appearances by offering knowledge about varying their static posture to conform to some ideal and staying active to improve function.

Author(S) Details

Sai Kripa
Department of Physiotherapy, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.

Harmanpreet Kaur
Department of Physiotherapy, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V3/article/view/6343

Advanced Study on Pregnancy-Related Low Back Pain Relief after Maximum Static Flexibility Program | Chapter 14 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 Low back pain (LBP) caused by pregnancy has an effect on the pregnancy. Pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP) affects many pregnant women's everyday lives [1] and is characterised by lower-back pain that causes physical and emotional disabilities. Flexibilizing allows for smoother movement, which improves posture and relieves pain.

The aim of this study was to look at the effects of a maximum static flexibility programme on LBP during pregnancy.

Clinical prospective randomised controlled trial was used as the process.

Prenatal treatment provided by the Brazilian Governmental Health Program.

Participants: 40 pregnant women between the ages of 20 and 31 weeks, with or without LBP, were randomly allocated to either the experimental (EG) or control (CG) groups: EG n = 20 (E1 with LBP and E2 without LBP) and CG n = 20. (C1 with LBP and C2 without LBP).

The EG intervention consisted of static flexion sessions. CG was given standard medical attention. The pain level was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The statistical tests used were Chi-square, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal-Wallis.

Results: In terms of percent variation (%), E1 reduced LBP by 56.4 percent, while E2, C1, C2 increased LBP by 2.9 percent, 0.1 percent, and 0.5 percent, respectively. Wilcoxon test results comparing pre- and post-test pain severity levels in experimental and control groups showed substantial E1 p 0.05. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed p 0.05 when contrasting post-test C1 with E1 with E2 and C2 (C1 post vs. E1 post: p = 0.006; C1 post vs. E2 post: p 0.0001; C1 post vs. C2 post: p = 0.002), indicating that the experimental procedure had a meaningful impact.

Conclusion: Gains in LBP for EG indicate that static flexibility exercises help to avoid and minimise pregnancy-related LBP. Static exercises helped reduce or avoid LBP in pregnant women who participated in this Family Health Program. The traditional treatment for LBP in pregnancy, which consisted of drug therapy and rest, yielded no substantial results.

Author (s) Details

Helena Andrade Figueira
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Wilma Ferreira Guedes Rodrigues
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Alan Andrade Figueira
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Joana Andrade Figueira
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Estélio Henrique Martin Dantas
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Renata Franco Maciel
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Ryan Fernando Menezes
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Beatriz Martins Carvalho
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Christiano Lima De Lucena
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Alessandra Isabella Santiago Silva Moura
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Ana Maria Ribeiro Fonseca
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Luise Oliveira Ribeiro Da Silva
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Victoria Guerra Abdias
Laboratory of Biomedical Human Kinetics (LABIMH), Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V4/article/view/563