Valuation of Two Serological Tests in the Estimation of Rabies Virus Antibodies among Free-Ranging Vaccinated Dogs in Bengaluru, India | Chapter 2 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 4

 

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease caused by an RNA virus in the genus Lyssavirus of the family Rhabdoviridae. The disease is endemic in most African and Asian countries. Globally, rabies kills tens of thousands of people annually, and domestic dogs transmit most (99%) cases. Vaccination is the practical solution for the prevention of rabies in dogs. Assessment of the immunogenicity of vaccination includes estimation of specific rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) in the target species.

 

We undertook a study to estimate the levels of VNA in free-roaming dogs with a history of rabies vaccination in Bengaluru city, India. We compared the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) and an in-house quantitative indirect ELISA (iELISA). The effectiveness of iELISA was evaluated using a two-tailed Spearman correlation analysis by comparing it with RFFIT. The study area comprised the jurisdiction of Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP), the Bengaluru civic body. The BBMP, along with several non-government organizations (NGOs), was conducting a trap-neuter-vaccinate-release program for the prevention of dog rabies. Serum samples were collected from 250 free-roaming dogs from representative regions of BBMP, of which 125 had a VNA titre of 0.5 IU or more by the RFFIT. Furthermore, 126 dogs showed percent positivity values (PP values) more than the cut-off PP value of 57.1 by the iELISA, accounting for 50.4% of satisfactory post-vaccinal serum conversion. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA was 94.4% and 95.2%, respectively. Based on these data, a quantitative ELISA may be a complementary tool for sero-monitoring immune responses of free-ranging animals after rabies vaccination. The study also recommends the need for enhanced rabies surveillance for the detection of rabies occurrence as a part of the National Action Plan for Rabies Elimination (NAPRE).

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Lekshmi J. Das
KVAFSU-CVA Rabies Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru 560024, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:-https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ibs/v4/7568B

Valuation of Two Serological Tests in the Estimation of Rabies Virus Antibodies among Free-Ranging Vaccinated Dogs in Bengaluru, India | Chapter 2 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 4

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease caused by an RNA virus in the genus Lyssavirus of the family Rhabdoviridae. The disease is endemic in most African and Asian countries. Globally, rabies kills tens of thousands of people annually, and domestic dogs transmit most (99%) cases. Vaccination is the practical solution for the prevention of rabies in dogs. Assessment of the immunogenicity of vaccination includes estimation of specific rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) in the target species.

We undertook a study to estimate the levels of VNA in free-roaming dogs with a history of rabies vaccination in Bengaluru city, India. We compared the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) and an in-house quantitative indirect ELISA (iELISA). The effectiveness of iELISA was evaluated using a two-tailed Spearman correlation analysis by comparing it with RFFIT. The study area comprised the jurisdiction of Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP), the Bengaluru civic body. The BBMP, along with several non-government organizations (NGOs), were was conducting a trap-neuter-vaccinate-release program for the prevention of dog rabies. Serum samples were collected from 250 free-roaming dogs from representative regions of BBMP, of which 125 had a VNA titre of 0.5 IU or more by the RFFIT. Furthermore, 126 dogs showed percent positivity values (PP values) more than the cut-off PP value of 57.1 by the iELISA, accounting for 50.4% of satisfactory post-vaccinal serum conversion. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA was 94.4% and 95.2%, respectively. Based on these data, a quantitative ELISA may be a complementary tool for sero-monitoring immune responses of free-ranging animals after rabies vaccination. The study also recommends the need for enhanced rabies surveillance for the detection of rabies occurrence as a part of the National Action Plan for Rabies Elimination (NAPRE).

Author(s) Details:

Lekshmi J. Das,
KVAFSU-CVA Rabies Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bengaluru 560024, India.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V4/article/view/14391

Determination of Sensitivity and Specificity of Various Serological Tests for Detection of Brucella spp. Infection in Male Goats and Sheep | Chapter 07 | Research Aspects in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 6

 Brucellosis is a zoonosis that is present all over the world and has significant public health and economic ramifications. Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis are the most common causes. The goal of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for serodiagnosis of sheep and goat brucellosis, and to compare the results with those obtained from the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and direct Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Antibodies against Brucella were found in 8 (38.09 percent), 6 (28.57 percent), and 16 (76.19 percent) of 41 serum samples (21 rams and 20 male goats) examined by RBPT, (ICA), and iELISA, respectively, in ram samples (8 (38.09 percent), 6 (28.57 percent), and 16 (76.19 percent), and in 3 (15 percent), 1 (5 percent), and 12 (60 percent) of male goats' serum samples respectively. In rams, the kappa value between iELISA and ICA was -0.08 and RBPT and ELISA was -0.01, whereas in male goats, the kappa value between iELISA and ICA was -0.06 and RBPT and ELISA was -0.14. In rams, sensitivity for RBPT and ICA was 37.5 percent and 25%, respectively, while specificity was 60 percent and 60 percent; in male goats, sensitivity for RBPT and ICA was 8.33 percent and 8.33 percent, respectively, while specificity was 75 percent and 100 percent. It can be concluded that the proposed ICA is a reliable immunodiagnostic assay that is quick, low-cost, and cost-effective, making it ideal for large-scale screening in developing nations and rural regions. The goal of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of the ICA device for ovine and caprine brucellosis serodiagnosis and compare the results to those obtained using RBPT and iELISA.

Author(S) Details

Waffa A. Ahmed
Zoonosis Diseases Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Shaimaa A. Majeed
Zoonosis Diseases Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Ameer H. Abdul Ameer
Zoonosis Diseases Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Nawal D. Mahmmod
Zoonosis Diseases Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Nawal D. Mahmmod
Zoonosis Diseases Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Nameer I. Saeed
Ministery of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Office, Baghdad, Iraq.

Luma Y. Hanaa
Vet Research & Laboratories Department, Baghdad, Iraq.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RAAVS-V6/article/view/6990