Economic Impact and Adoption Barriers of Drone Technology in Indian Paddy Cultivation | Chapter 9 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

Agriculture remains the backbone of India's economy, with nearly 47 percent of the population relying on it for their livelihood. Indian agriculture is the backbone of the nation, feeding over 1.4 billion people and employing nearly half of the population. Yet, it grapples with mounting challenges—declining productivity, labor shortages, outdated practices, and climate-induced uncertainties. Paddy cultivation, a staple crop for millions, remains heavily reliant on labor-intensive methods that limit efficiency and profitability. Enter drone technology—an innovation poised to transform the agricultural landscape. Drones, equipped with advanced sensors and imaging capabilities, are revolutionizing farming by providing real-time insights into crop health, soil conditions, and pest infestations. This precision-driven approach empowers farmers to optimize water, fertilizers, and pesticides, ensuring maximum yield with minimal waste.

Our study, conducted in Tamil Nadu, unveils the staggering economic benefits of drone-assisted paddy farming. The results are striking—economic efficiency surges by 90%, cultivation costs drop by 30%, and farmer incomes soar by an impressive 41%. These gains stem from targeted interventions, reduced resource wastage, and healthier crops that withstand pests and diseases more effectively. By shifting from conventional farming to drone-powered precision agriculture, farmers can secure higher yields, superior produce quality, and greater financial stability. Despite its game-changing potential, drone adoption in India faces hurdles—high initial costs, limited technical know-how, and regulatory constraints. Overcoming these barriers through supportive policies, subsidies, and farmer training programs is crucial to unlocking the full potential of this cutting-edge technology. The future of Indian agriculture lies in innovation, and drones are at the forefront of this transformation.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Malaisamy A
Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College & Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Gowri Shankar R
Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College & Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Raswanthkrishna M
Department of Computer Science and Engineering (AI), Amrita University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v8/4372

Farmers' Perception of the Effects of Climate Change on Vegetables in Ebonyi State, Nigeria | Chapter 10 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

 

In recent times, vegetable production has suffered from adverse climatic events resulting in poor yields. The study examined the challenges faced by vegetable farmers regarding climate change in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling method was used to select 240 vegetable farmers using a questionnaire. Primary data were sourced and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the probit regression model. Results show that reduced yield (100%), reduced income (96.7%), reduction in quality (93.3%), pests and diseases (95.8%) and increased production costs (97.9%) were perceived effects of climate change on vegetable plants. Age, gender, farm size and extension contacts were significant factors influencing vegetable farmers' vulnerability to climate change. Perceived constraints of vegetable farmers include; increasing transportation (96.3%), labor supply cost and availability (92.5%), shortage of farming lands (89.6%), insufficient extension personnel (91.7%) and land fragmentation (100%). Farmers were recommended to practice climate-smart vegetable production to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

E. E. Osuji
Department of Agriculture, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Abakaliki, Nigeria.

 

E. U. Eze
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

G. N. Ben-Chendo
Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

M. N. Osuji
Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

R. N. Nwose
Department of Agriculture, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Abakaliki, Nigeria.

 

A. C. Tim-Ashama
Department of Agricultural Science, Alvan Ikoku University of Education Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

N. E. Umeh
Department of Agriculture, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Abakaliki, Nigeria.

 

J. E. Orji
Department of Agriculture, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Abakaliki, Nigeria.

 

G. U. Ugochukwu
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

O. M. Okechukwu
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

P. C. Abana
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

A. H. Odor
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

J. A. Okuwa
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v9/474

Empowering Farmers with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) through Effective Technology Communication | Chapter 9 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is acknowledged as a comprehensive approach to agricultural pest management, aiming to reduce pest populations while considering environmental sustainability. Despite its recognized importance, the practical implementation of IPM remains challenging, particularly in developing countries. This paper reviews the literature on IPM adoption, communication strategies, and challenges encountered in its dissemination. It discusses the information needs of farmers regarding IPM, highlighting the multifaceted strategies required for successful adoption. The role of communication, particularly through avenues such as mass media and Farmers Field Schools (FFS), is explored in facilitating IPM dissemination. Challenges in IPM adoption, including knowledge gaps, outreach limitations, socio-economic factors, institutional barriers, and others, are identified and categorized. The paper emphasizes the necessity for effective science and technology (S&T) communication to bridge the gap between stakeholders' understanding and the complexities of IPM. This review underscores the importance of tailored communication approaches in promoting IPM adoption and addressing the challenges hindering its widespread implementation.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

K. B. Bhushan
Department of Science & Technology, First Floor, Vigyan Prasar, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, India.

 

Amit Kumar Goswami
Division of Fruit and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.

 

Avilekh Naryal
Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/racas/v8/3231G

The Simplex Method Approach to Linear Programming Solutions | Chapter 2 | Research Updates in Mathematics and Computer Science Vol. 6

 

The SIMPLEX METHOD (SM) is a fundamental technique in the optimization field [1, 2], designed specifically to solve linear programming problems manually with high efficiency and accuracy by understanding limitations, specifying decision variables,creating objective functions and defining the feasible region by using slack variables, tableaus, and pivot variables as a means of finding the optimal solution to an optimization problem.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Ghada A. Ahmed
Department of mathematics, Faculty of Science, AL-Baha University, ALBaha,
ALBaha, Saudia Arabia.

 

Please See the book here :-   https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rumcs/v6/28

The Challenges of Status Reporting during the Construction of Capital Projects in South African State-Owned Companies | Chapter 9 | Managing Higher Education and Enterprises in Developing Countries Beyond COVID-19: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Business and Management Dynamics

There are prominent parastatals that play a critical role in the everyday life of most South Africans, through freight logistics and electricity provision. Their project portfolios are worth hundreds of billions of Rands. Considering the amount of taxpayers’ money invested by SOCs into projects each year there is a pressing need to ensure that challenges facing status reporting during the construction of capital projects are addressed. Capital infrastructure investments will go a long way in yielding fruits through achieving the desired developmental goals, stimulating job creation and boosting the country’s economy, which is particularly needed considering the persistent, volatile economic climate which is stunting job creation and hampering GDP growth. However, within these SOCs, billions of taxpayers’ Rands are invested into hundreds of capital projects that are frequently delayed (Yelland, 2016; Groenewald, 2017). A project status report summarises the position or condition of a particular project during a stated period of time. Zulch (2014) has shown the importance of stakeholder communication in realising the project deliverables. This paper deliberates the challenges of status reporting faced by SOCs during capital project construction.

Author(s) Details:

Malusi K. Luthuli,
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Bibi Z. Chummun,
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/MHEEDCBCPICBMD/article/view/13200

Strategies for Coping with the Stress among Students: Running with the Hare and Hunting with the Hounds | Chapter 9 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 2

 The present study proposed to investigate stress happenings associated with working and examining concurrently, and procedures for coping with the stress among graduates in the University of Education, Winneba (UEW), located in the Efutu Municipality of the Central Region of Ghana. The standard saying “running with the coney and hunting accompanying the hounds”, means that charming in two or more irreconcilable roles together is highly intolerable or unrealistic. In modern occasions, obtaining bigger formal education appears to be the key to asserting one’s status or stopping on top of one’s career contest.The study used an explanatory research paradigm and a qualitative record of what happened methodology. Twenty (20) MPhil undergraduates from UEW, including 10 first-year and 10 second-period students, were sampled for the to a certain extent-structured interview guide.  The study persistent that the main cause of students combining their academic and hiring activities was fiscal difficulties. The study also erect that working and examining at the same time can cause stress-related syndromes such as extreme blood pressure, discontent, headaches, back pain, and appetite loss. The study more showed that the undergraduates used assertiveness, common exercise, diet monitoring, and projected absences from work and school to deal with their stress. It is therefore urged to the university’s enjoining centre to educate occupied students on how to correctly manage the academic and work-accompanying stress they experience on daily support. This could be contained in the orientation programmes organised for students when they are recently admitted to the academy.

Author(s) Details:

Prince Kwame Affum,
Guidance and Counselling Centre, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana.

Cecilia Tutu-Danquah,
Department of Education, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG25, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Eva Atika Bakuri Dinye,
Guidance and Counselling Centre, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V2/article/view/10526

Highlighting the Constraints Faced by the Tribal People in the Bio-Diversity Conservation of Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India| Chapter 1 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 6

 The objective of the ongoing review was to figure out the requirements looked by the ancestral individuals in protection of bio-variety in Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu. The review was completed in two blocks to be specific Pethanaickenpalayam block in Salem area and Jawadhu slope block in Thiruvannamalai regions separately. A review of 182 ancestral respondents in the exploration district and the planning of a rundown of requirements connected with the preservation of biodiversity were both embraced. The unpredictable evacuation of trees, transformation of backwoods land to horticulture, expanded utilization of plant security and creation synthetic compounds, development of human settlements in ecologically delicate regions, and land discontinuity were viewed as the primary impediments to the safeguarding of biodiversity. Reasonable ideas to defeat the recognized limitations are Permit for brushing in to the woodland guarantees the dirt wellbeing as well as decreases soil disintegration and it increments soil fruitfulness, making mindfulness about the significance of the backwoods, which will forestall the deforestation and felling of trees in the timberland region, severe limitation of infringement of backwoods cover for both ancestral and non-ancestral individuals, guideline of the practices like abundance use of synthetic compost and pesticides and advancement of ITK practices to guarantee the bio-variety preservation.

Author(s) Details:

R. Kanimozhi,
Department of Agricultural Extension &Rural Sociology, TNAU, Coimbatore, India.

P. Balasubramaniam,
Department of Agricultural Extension &Rural Sociology, TNAU, Coimbatore, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V6/article/view/7906

Constraints and Challenges of Local Operationalization of the National Leishmaniasis Control Program by Health Professionals: A Pioneer Study in Morocco | Chapter 02 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 Background: The goal of this study is to examine health professionals' understanding of leishmaniasis in order to establish the strengths and weaknesses in local leishmaniasis control efforts, as well as to identify the factors that contribute to underreporting of cases. This study also aims to reveal health professionals' understanding of leishmaniasis, as well as their role in the program's peripheral management and their experiences with leishmaniasis patients. Morocco wants to be free of leishmaniasis by 2030. These conditions can be cutaneous or visceral, and they constitute a major public health concern. These parasites are being fought as part of a statewide leishmaniasis control effort that includes free treatment. On the other hand, the screening rate in public health facilities does not exceed 35%.

Objective: To contribute to the analysis and understanding of the factors that contribute to underreporting and the development of scientific recommendations to improve leishmaniasis screening and control activities, determine the knowledge and experience of social actors directly involved in the fight against leishmaniasis.

Methods: During April and May 2019, we performed an exploratory survey among all health professionals working in public health structures in the province of ELHajeb in central Morocco, using a self-administered questionnaire.

The majority of health professionals had an excellent understanding of the clinical indicators of each variety of leishmaniasis, but they had incorrect information about the disease's true vector, reservoirs, and mechanism of transmission. Only 17 percent got ongoing education whereas 76 percent were aware of the national leishmaniasis control programme. The curative parts of the programme were the emphasis of 85 percent of these specialists. Patients do not adhere to antileishmaniasis treatment in 47% of cases, and the populace uses the term "Hboub of Chniwla" to refer to cutaneous leishmaniasis in 25% of cases.

Conclusion: The study found that operationalizing the leishmaniases control program's operations reveals some flaws that explain the underscreening of cases. Improvement of this condition necessitates the establishment of ongoing caregiver training and citizen awareness-raising activities that should focus on the route of transmission, reservoir prevention, sand flies bites, and detection of lesions utilising the disease's popular names as a starting point.

Author(S) Details

K. El-Mouhdi
Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco and ISPITS-Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Technics Meknes, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Morocco.

A. Chahlaoui
Natural Resources Management and Development Team, Laboratory of Health and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco.

M. Fekhaoui
Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V6/article/view/6414

Impact of National Horticulture Mission on Socio-Economic Status of Beneficiaries in Davanagere District of Karnataka | Book Publisher International

 The research study, titled 'effect of National Horticulture Mission on socio-economic condition of beneficiaries in Davanagere district of Karnataka,' was carried out in all six blocks of Karnataka's Davanagere district, namely Channagiri, Honnali, Harihar, Jagalur, Harapanahalli, and Davanagere. In each taluk, four villages with the highest number of NHM beneficiaries were chosen for the study. Six beneficiaries were chosen at random from each of the 24 villages, based on the criteria that the farmers who were beneficiaries under the NHM programme from 2008-09 to 2013-14 met. As a result, the study's overall sample size was 144 people. The information was gathered from the respondents in the sample using a pre-tested interview schedule. Statistical tests such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and chi-square were used to analyse the data. The study used an ex-post facto research design. According to the findings, NHM beneficiaries' social standing improved by 197.73 percent between before and after participating in the programme. When comparing before and after participation in the NHM programme, value addition in education increased by 178.12 percent, followed by investment in social functions (68.19 percent), annual income (30.53 percent), investment in savings (21.80 percent), employment generation (20.79 percent), and investment in assets (which increased by 6.82 percent). The entire mean value before the NHM programme was found to be 1241.80, compared to 2194.16 following participation in the NHM programme, suggesting a 76.69 percent increase in mean value, demonstrating a favourable impact of the NHM programme. Annual income, social standing, employment generation, value addition in education, and investment in social functions were all determined to be highly significant at the 1% level of significance in the statistical analysis of data. Investment in savings, on the other hand, was shown to be significant at a 5% level, while investment in assets was determined to be non-significant. At 1%, the overall dimensions of standard of life were determined to be significantly significant. The majority of the beneficiaries considered high horticulture crop production costs (95.83 percent, Rank I) to be the most significant constraint, followed by poor personnel follow-up (90.97 percent, Rank II), less subsidy (86.80 percent, Rank III), low horticulture crop productivity (86.11 percent, Rank IV), high post-harvest and handling losses (76.39 percent, Rank V), fewer trainings (47.92 percent, Rank VI), and (4.86 percent , Rank X). Beneficiaries' suggestions for effective implementation of the NHM programme include increasing subsidies (77.78 percent, Rank I), followed by proper follow-up of activities (29.16 percent, Rank II), increasing training programmes (16.67 percent, Rank III), providing more technical information under the NHM programme (08.34 percent, Rank IV), and the need for integrated farming system approaches under the NHM programme (06.25 percent , Rank V).

Author(s) Details

J. Raghuraja
ICAR-Taralabalu Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Davanagere, Karnataka, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/INHMSESBDDK/article/view/5953

An Empirical Analysis on Acumen of Farmer Members on Farmer Producer Companies | Chapter 6 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 The current study was done in Maharashtra, India, with the goal of analysing farmers' attitudes of Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs). The bulk of Indian farmers, who make for more than 86 percent of the farming population, continue to suffer numerous obstacles. The study's sample respondents were farmers who were members of the organisation. According to the findings of this study, 96.66 percent of farmers in category I, 82.73 percent of farmers in category II, and 77.50 percent of farmers in category III reported an increase in yields after joining a producer business. It was also noted that the quality of the produce had improved, and the majority of the farmers were satisfied with the price they received for their produce after joining FPCs. It was also fascinating to see that the farmers' problems were different in each of the three FPC groups. However, the manipulation of quotas and quality criteria by some corporations was a widespread problem for farmers in categories II and III. The SWOT analysis found that the primary strengths identified by farmers were more or less the same in the selected FPCs, such as provision of inputs and production services, higher yields due to better management, reducing price risk, and better bargaining for small holders. As regarded by the farmers, the adoption of new production technology was a shared weakness, and pro-government policy was a key opportunity for all producer enterprises. The challenge of sustaining long-term operations, cutthroat competition among organisations, and societal and cultural restraints are all recurrent threats to producer companies of all types.

Author(S) Details

S. B. Ramya Lakshmi
National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad-500030, Telangana, India.

G. Jaya
National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad-500030, Telangana, India.

K. C. Gummagolmath
National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad-500030, Telangana, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IST-V1/article/view/5080

Constraints Study in Sugarcane Cultivation: A Micro Approach | Chapter 1 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 A hundred respondents were randomly picked from a district block using a multistage stratified, purposive cum random selection process. Primary data was gathered using a personal interview technique, while secondary data for the reference was obtained from records kept at district and block offices. The inferences were cooked using a simple tabular, functional analysis employing the Garrett ranking approach. According to the findings and conclusions drawn from the investigation, a lack of technical knowledge ranks first, followed by labour constraints during peak hours. Technical knowledge comprises the ability to obtain input, market understanding, and mechanised techniques, among other things. Unavailability of seeds was ranked third, followed by irrigation and financing facilities, which were ranked fourth and fifth, respectively. The rest of the issues were discovered afterwards. In rural societies, proper remedies should be applied in order to control the decline of a significant economic crop.

Author(S) Details

Bhartendu Yadav
CSAUA and T, Nawabganj Kanpur – 208002, India.

R. R. Kushwaha
CSAUA and T, Nawabganj Kanpur – 208002, India.

Ram Singh Yadav
CSAUA and T, Nawabganj Kanpur – 208002, India.

Pavan Kumar Singh
CSAUA and T, Nawabganj Kanpur – 208002, India.

Arun Kumar Yadav
CSAUA and T, Nawabganj Kanpur – 208002, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V3/article/view/4617

Study on Appraisal of Animal Health Constraints along the Dairy Value Chains in Kenya | Chapter 06 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 The study took place in the counties of Nairobi, Kiambu, Kericho, Kilifi, and Uasin Gishu.

The study's overarching purpose was to identify and document the roadblocks to successful dairy value chain management. The identification of constraints will aid in the creation of dairy productivity and profitability initiatives. The following are the results of a stakeholder survey among value chain stage actors, which gathered primary and secondary data: Institutional constraints hampered the effective control of animal health at research organisations and vaccine manufacturers.

Agro-vets served as crucial points of contact for livestock industry participants, and hence have the ability to transmit animal health information. Some of the Agro-vets were run by amateurs, lacked adequate medicine storage facilities, offered unlawful substandard pharmaceuticals, had insufficient input capital, and charged exorbitant interest rates on loans, all of which hampered their capacity to operate. The three Regional Veterinary Investigation Laboratories (VILs) that were visited served 33 counties. Counties that were close to VILs submitted more samples for testing than counties that were further away.

45,040 samples were gathered during 11 years, with 6,971 in Eldoret, 11,975 in Kericho, and 26,091 in Mariakani. The top ten illnesses identified accounted for over 85% of all diagnoses. Mastitis was the most common issue, accounting for 41.9 percent of all patients, with ECF accounting for 10.6 percent and nematodes accounting for 4.5 percent.

Author(S) Details

John A. Kidali
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

T. Karanja
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

E. O. Mungube
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

M. W. Maichomo
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

J. C. Njanja
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

J. M. Mugambi
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

E. Thuranira
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

F. M. Muriithi
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

L. W. Wamae
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

S. O. Nyamwaro
Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization, P. O. box 00902-32 Kikuyu, Kenya.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V2/article/view/4406