Spectrum of Serum Sodium, Chloride and Potassium and Its Role in the Prediction of Preeclampsia | Chapter 4 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

Background and Objective: Preeclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy that leads to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It may result in lifelong sequelae in pregnant women like reduced life expectancy, increased risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease and diabetes while babies from such mothers have increased risks of preterm birth, perinatal death and neurodevelopmental disability and cardiovascular and metabolic disease later in life. Pre-eclampsia is an intricate multisystem disease, diagnosed by sudden-onset hypertension (>20 weeks of gestation). In spite of decades of research, the aetiology of pre-eclampsia remains poorly defined. To investigate the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia research is needed to evaluate new prognostic tests and treatments in adequately powered clinical trials. The role of different serum electrolytes in its pathogenesis is in this direction a step as they are considered important for blood pressure regulation.

Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 100 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia divided into mild and severe according to latest International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy ( ISSHP ) guidelines and equal number of age, parity and gestational age-matched women (n=100), that acted as control group, with singleton normal pregnancies, admitted in obstetrics wards from January to March 2022 of our tertiary care hospital associated with GMC Srinagar were included in the study. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations to estimate biochemical parameters were conducted. Data was analyzed with SPSS V:26. Statistical tests to find out the mean standard deviation among the groups and the One-way ANOVA test was applied to find the significance of associations.

Results: In the severe preeclampsia group, the mean values of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^- were 134.50±4.24, 4.28±0.74, 106.48±3.41 mEq/L respectively in comparison to the control group 135.57±3.29, 4.12±0.53, 108.20±3.19 mEq/L respectively. Results from one-way ANOVA showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the means of the three groups for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Potassium and Chloride levels with p<0.05. A post hoc analysis was used to distinguish the differences in means of these parameters among the groups with p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Conclusion: Estimation of readily available serum sodium, chloride and potassium during the course of pregnancy can help to identify preeclampsia and thus reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and fetal outcome.

 

Author (s) Details

Javid Ahmed Khan

Department of Medicine, Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Aadil Ashraf
Department of Gastroenterology, AIG Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Waseem A. Qureshi
Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Faizana Fayaz
Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v9/3517

Bioremediation Dairy Wastewater through Vermifiltration | Chapter 2 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

 The harsh exhaustion of water maybe offset through the bioremediation of wastewater. In this study an attempt has existed fashioned to remediate the buttery wastewater through the endeavor of regionally convenient earthworms. All the physicochemical limits are considerably transformed on transition of wastewater through gut of earthworm. By 30 days the pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, Fluoride, Chloride, Phosphate and Nitrate shortened by 7.2, 46, 88.3, 62.9, 51.4, 59, 66.2 and 60.9 %, individually when gived through vermibed.

Author(s) Details:

Aliva Patnaik,
School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Odisha, PIN-768019, India.

Anupama Bhagat,
School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Odisha, PIN-768019, India.S

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V9/article/view/9461

Determination and Removal of Toxic Anions from Guyana’s Aquatic Environment: Green and Sustainable Management| Chapter 5 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 2

 The COVID-19 universal has unfavorably impressed use the globe. Currently the experience is impoverished for green, tenable form of living and practices so that balance this emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic has troubled many governmental, business-related, public and tangible challenges. Standard examining processes that are established colorimetric speeded the decision of PO43- and NO3- in the ground and surface waters from the three (3) counties of Guyana. Phosphates and nitrates further their allowable levels in unrefined waters can pose meaningful warnings to the marine atmosphere, allure citizens, and the strength of humans and earthly mammals. This study aims to explore the use of ingot (smaller currency in exchange for larger, cadmium, sea color) ferrocyanides (octahedral aggregates that simplify adsorption of anions generally on allure two divalent middle metals) as adsorbents to ease the eradication of the earlier anions. The consequences accompanied that smaller currency in exchange for larger ferrocyanide is ultimate persuasive adsorbent for treating ground and surface waters that hold extreme levels of PO43-, while it was more ultimate direct adsorbent for doctoring surface waters that held NO3-. Fixed capacities of water samples were discussed accompanying 50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg of the adsorbent.  The computations of the equating coefficients granted that skilled were two together beneficial and negative equivalences in few of the cases, that intended that raising the portion of drug or other consumable of the adsorbent raised and dropped adsorption, individually. Adsorption hearings were furthered for one use of Langmuir plots and adsorption isotherms, even though in few cases, the general look of these isotherms was not seen. Possible reasons for this incident are conferred in better insight in the paper. The use of sky ferrocyanide to treat groundwater and kill PO43- is not considered established observations emphasize in the report, and the use of cadmium ferrocyanide to speed the expulsion of NO3- is not considered either on account of the potential composition of Co3(PO4)2 and Cd(NO3)2, individually, that otherwise jolted the results. Technologies like those intentional in this place research project endure be investigated and intentional more painstaking (specifically accompanying commendations to the stability of the adsorbents) accompanying deference to the acting of ground and surface water provisions, to further the eradication of PO43- and NO3-, because the results noticed, though a little, maybe visualized to move us tighter towards a green and tenable atmosphere, containing insuring the well-being of the Worlds’ folk and extending the sphere of cost-effective and plain forms that aid in the evacuation of anions from instinctive waters. Green allure designs electronics that hinder further damage to atmosphere and human well-being, while tenable allure is referrers to the result of projectiles for weaponry that defeat the use of perilous elements.

Author(s) Details:

Brij Bhushan Tewari,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, P.O. Box: 101110, Georgetown, Guyana.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V2/article/view/9282