Inhibitory Effects of Differentially Cultivated Carrots on AOM/DSS-Induced Colorectal Cancer Via Modulation of Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Gut Microbiota | Chapter 1 | Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Functional Foods

 

Background: Carrot (Daucus carota) is a widely consumed vegetable rich in dietary fibre, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant compounds. Carrots contain fibre and bioactive phytochemicals that have been associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities in preclinical settings. Beta-carotene, a prominent carotenoid in carrots, has been reported to modulate immune-related pathways in experimental models; however, the extent to which these observations translate to reduced colorectal cancer risk in humans remains to be determined.

 

Objective: This study investigated whether cultivation methods influence the bioactivity of carrot extracts in an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced murine model of colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis, with emphasis on apoptosis-related markers, inflammatory responses, and gut microbiota alterations.

 

Methods: Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (~20 g) were maintained under SPF conditions (12-h light/dark cycle; 23 ± 2 °C; 50 ± 5% humidity). After one week of acclimatisation with ad libitum food and water, mice were randomly allocated to six groups (n = 10/group). The normal and AOM/DSS control groups received saline, whereas the Conventional Fertiliser Carrot (CFC), Seawater Fertiliser Carrot (SFC), Trace Element Fertiliser Carrot (TFC), and Deep-sea Water Mineral fertiliser carrot (NFC) groups received the respective carrot extracts (50 mg/mL). Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were quantified and analysed using GraphPad Prism 9.4.1.

 

Results: Among the cultivation conditions tested, carrots produced with deep-sea water mineral fertiliser (NFC) were associated with increased expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins in colon tissue, including p53, p21, Bim, Bad, Bax, Bak, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3. NFC treatment was also associated with lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, NF-κB, and iNOS) measured across serum, spleen cells, and liver tissues. Gut microbiota profiling indicated a compositional shift in carrot-treated mice relative to controls, including increased relative abundance of taxa previously linked to anti-inflammatory or anti-tumour-associated profiles (e.g., Lachnospiraceae and Mucispirillum schaedleri).

 

Conclusion: In this AOM/DSS mouse model, carrot extracts—particularly those derived from carrots cultivated with deep-sea water mineral fertiliser—were associated with reduced tumour-related endpoints alongside coordinated changes in apoptotic and inflammatory markers and gut microbiota composition. These findings support further investigation into cultivation-dependent differences in carrot bioactivity and encourage additional studies to clarify mechanisms and assess translational relevance in humans.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Yanni Pan
Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China.

 

Yeon-Jun Lee
Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

Jin Hyeop Kim
Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

Min Ji Song
Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

KyuBum Kwack

Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

Seung-Hwan Park
Organic Anti-Cancer Agriculture Institute, iCOOP Natural Dream Company, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.

 

Sin-Il Sin
Organic Anti-Cancer Agriculture Institute, iCOOP Natural Dream Company, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.

 

Ji Hyung Chung
Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

Kun-Young Park
Graduate School of Integrative Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-998509-0-3/CH1

Evaluation of the Effect of Biostimulants Based on Beneficial Microorganisms on the Amino Acid and Elemental Composition of Carrot Roots | Chapter 11 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 6

 The result of products accompanying the optimum content of vegetable protein and the essential macro- and microelements is an main task for farming. Biostimulants containing the microorganisms Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and the fungus Trichoderma harzianum were used to evolve carrots on soddy-podzolic soil in the Moscow Region. The compound of amino acids in the of age root crops was determined on the Kapel-105 M analyst, as well as the basic arrangement using inductively connected plasma bulk spectrometry on a Nexion 300 D ploy (Perkin Elmer, USA). The determination of 17 amino acids in reward roots presented that the amount of essential amino acids in the variant accompanying biostimulants was 46.3% higher than in the control variant, and totalled 5.12 g/kg DM, while in the control - 3.50 g/kg DM. At the same time, the compound of 11 amino acids increased (g/kg of DM): aspartic acid (from 3.73 to 4.12), serine (from 0.93 to 1.08), proline (from 0.03 to 0.04), valine (from 0.003 to 0.046), isoleucine (from 0.02 to 0.67), leucine (from 0.75 to 0.82), tyrosine (from 0.55 to 0.64), phenylalanine (from 0.62 to 0.72), histidine (from 0.42 to 0.52), lysine (from 0.02 to 0.69), arginine (from 0.05 to 1.00). The situation carrots granted the increased level of alive macroelements (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium) and microelements (iron, metallic mineral, silicon, manganese, law enforcement officer, chromium, nickel, vanadium, iodine, sea color).

Author(s) Details:

S. P. Zamana,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow-105064, Russia.

T. D. Kondratieva,
Bioelements limited Office G56, The Bio Centre, Innovation Way, York Science Park, YO10 5NY, United Kingdom.

V. I. Savich,
Russian State Agricultural University,49, Timiryazevskaja St., Moscow-127550, Russia.

T. G. Fedorovsky,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow-105064, Russia.

S. A. Sokolov,
State University of Land Use Planning, 15 Kazakova St., Moscow-105064, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V6/article/view/10188

Organic Matter Intake of Three Different Diets Fed to Deer (Axix axis) | Chapter 5 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 3

A successful spotted deer breeding facility may be established by giving high-quality feed and sufficient nutrients such as organic matter in the diet. The major goal of this study was to look at the feed organic matter consumption of a group of 21 deer and 9 deer fed three different diets (carrot, feed concentrate, and elephant grass). The three diets were fed for three weeks, with a different diet being fed each week. During the first week of the trial, a group of 21 deer were fed carrot (Diet-1), feed concentrate (Diet-2) during the second week, and elephant grass during the third week (Diet-3). The deer had unrestricted access to water every day. The deer were given a two-day adaptation period for new feed, and the intake of organic matter in feed and the palatability of feed were measured five times each week. The data on feed organic matter consumption was analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (Anova). There was a significant difference in organic matter consumption (p0.05) across the three different diets. Those 21 deer ate 12kg of carrot organic matter per day, 13kg of feed concentrate per day, and 4kg of elephant grass per day, respectively. Elephant grass takes a longer time for deer to consume than carrots or concentrates. The variation in organic matter consumption between the three diets investigated was inferred to be related to differences in nutritional content and palatability of the feedstuffs.

Author(s) Details:

. Ismartoyo,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

Anie Asriany,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10
Tamalanrea, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

. Syahriani,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

. Islamiyati,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

. Fitrawati,
Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea, Makassar-90245, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V3/article/view/7047