In vitro Capability of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone on Killing Cancer Cells | Chapter 14 | Diagnostic and Treatment Advances in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

Oxidized and polished multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were dispersed in aqueous solution, providing a highly stable suspension of purified, shortened, and functionalized carboxylic acid nanotubes. A gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), which was overexpressed in the plasma membrane of several types of cancer cells, was covalently anchored onto the surface of the oxidized MWCNTs via an amide linkage. The MWCNTs modified with GnRH (MWCNTs–GnRH) were characterized by UV–vis and emission spectra, and elemental analysis. Red-shift in the optical spectra consisting of the UV–vis absorption and emission spectra with the attraction of GnRH on the surface of the MWCNTs was observed due to the attraction of GnRH on the surface of the MWCNTs via 𝝿 stacking, however, there was no property for a direct mixture of MWCNTs and GnRH, supporting the successful modification. Elemental analysis revealed that the sidewall coverage of MWCNTs by the GnRH was about 0.7% of the available surface area. The non toxic GnRH and MWCNTs can separately enter the DU 145 cells. In contrast, GnRH–MWCNTs entered the cells and showed toxicity in the malignant cells. These results showed that the newly formed toxic material had potential ability to kill the malignant cells with just a simple covalent bonding of the two.

Author(s) Details:

Bo-Zhang Yu,
Nanobiology Centre, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.

Jian-She Yang,
Nanobiology Centre, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.

Wen-Xin Li,
Nanobiology Centre, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/DTACSC/article/view/9566

The Immune Response of Carbon-based Nano Light Vaccines to SARS-CoV-2 | Chapter 10 | Diagnostic and Treatment Advances in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

 

Elucidating the panoramic mechanism of coronavirus-host immune interaction is a strategy for disease surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and immunity assessment of COVID-19. A robust carbon-based nano light vaccine technology system contributes to achieving the core scientific issues of this strategy. In this review, we state the latest prevention and control strategy of carbon-based nano light vaccine, and their broad-spectrum resistance to high transmissible and pathogenic variants. Furthermore, we cover the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 under carbon-based nano light vaccine intervention, and finally evaluate the efficacy of carbon-based nano light vaccines and their interactive mechanisms. The search for highly efficient, conserved T cell epitopes provide a basis for development of a new generation of T cell vaccine.

Author(s) Details:

Qiang Wang,
Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, China.

Fenfen Zhang,
Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, China.

Jianshe Yang,
Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, China and Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/DTACSC/article/view/9561

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Acidizing and RNA Lyase-Modified Carbon Nanotubes Combined with Photodynamic Thermal Effect | Chapter 6 | Diagnostic and Treatment Advances in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

 The first patient suffering from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Physicians and scientists consequently diagnosed and identified this case of SARS as COVID-19, which was caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus. To date, it has spread as a global pandemic, with more than 2.5 million confirmed patients and 175 thousand deaths. Unfortunately, we have yet to find a specific effective therapy; although, some maintenance therapies are known to improve symptoms, partially referencing the experiences from anti-SARS-CoV and the Middle East respiratory syndrome. In addition, many clinical trials are completed or ongoing. Accordingly, a new strategy for development of therapeutic drugs is urgently needed. Here, we propose to prepare a kind of carbon nanotube with functions to exert acidification for cytoplasmic and local cellular temperature-rising through photothermal conversion, according to the physical and chemical nature of carbon nanotubes having been well applied to facilitate such a response. Dexterously, we will put the above effects into practice to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication with respect to the biological nature of coronavirus.

Author(s) Details:

Jianshe Yang,
Central Laboratory of 3rd Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/DTACSC/article/view/9556

Oxygen Electroreduction on Catalysts Containing Platinum Deposited on Carbon Nanotubes Modified by O, N and P Atoms| Chapter 8 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 Platinum established on scattered fabrics has been the most standard catalyst for produce cathodes for a variety of electrochemical capacity sources. The purpose of this research search out look into the effect of O, N, and P atoms on the fundamental, electrocatalytic, and corrosion possessions of as-synthesised monoplatinum catalysts. The examined Pt/CNTmod incentives demonstrated improved electrochemically active light surface area and electrical generated power, as well as raised catalytic activity in soluble electrolytes during the oxygen reduction response (ORR). The half-wave potential reaches 0.89 V for nitrogen-doped and 0.88 V for planet seen at dawn-doped CNTs, that is comparable to a commercial stimulant. The increased characteristics of Pt/CNT catalysts are related by changes in the composition and amount of groups produced on the CNT surface, in addition to their electronic construction. Pt/CNTHNO3+N and Pt/CNTHNO3+NP are the most hopeful catalysts for use as cathode materials in salty medium based on the total of the major possessions.  The influence of the platinum mass (10, 20, 40, 60 wt %) on the balance, electrochemical characteristics and the backlash path of ORR in an soluble electrolyte has been studied. The capital selectivity in ORR to water is noticed for catalysts combined on nitrogen-doped CNTs and increases due to the tumor of the Pt surface on the electrode. The closeness of hydrogen peroxide and a decrease in stability are noticed at a low content of light. Thus, according to the entirety of the results of this study, catalysts accompanying 60 and 40 wt. % Pt/CNTNaOH+N, as well as Pt/CNTHNO3+N and Pt/CNTHNO3+NP are ultimate promising stimulants for alkaline fuel cells.

Author(s) Details:

Vera Bogdanovskaya,
A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Inna Vernigor,
A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Marina Radina,
A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Vladimir Andreev,
A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Oleg Korchagin,
A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8697

Synthesis, Optical and Electrical Properties of PANI-MWCNT-ZnS Nanocomposites | Chapter 1 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 11

 Polyaniline (PANI)-MWCNT-Zinc sulphide (ZnS) nanocomposites were created by in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of MWCNT and negatively charged ZnS nanoparticles. The nanocomposites were classified using HRTEM, FTIR, UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. HRTEM was used to determine the particle sizes of several nanocomposites, which were found to be about 3.21 nm. The introduction of ZnS nanoparticles in PANI-MWCNT caused a red shift in the band gap, according to absorbance studies. For these samples, the Holstein model nonadiabatic tiny polaron model is appropriate.

Author (s) Details

Mrinmoy Goswami
Department of Physics, Sanaka Educational Trust’s Group of Institutions, Durgapur, Durgapur-713212, West Bengal, India.

Ranajit Ghosh
CSIR, Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur-09, West Bengal, India.

Ajit Kumar Meikap
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur –71309, West Bengal, India.

View Book : https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V11/article/view/1239

Preparation and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline-MWCNT-CdS Nanocomposites | Chapter 11 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 10

 The chemical oxidative polymerization reaction was used to create a polyaniline-CNT-CdS nanocomposite. Nanocomposites have particle sizes ranging from 2.5 to 4.9 nanometers. Within the temperature range of 77T300K, the dc electrical transport property of Polyaniline-CNT-CdS nanocomposites was investigated. The 3D variable range hopping (VRH) model is used to calculate the dc conductivity. The nanocomposite's I-V characteristics display a nonlinear pattern.

Author (s) Details

Mrinmoy Goswami
Department of Physics, Sanaka Educational Trust’s Group of Institutions, Durgapur, Durgapur-713212, West Bengal, India

Ranajit Ghosh
CSIR, Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur-09, West Bengal, India

Ajit Kumar Meikap
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur –71309, West Bengal, India

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V10/article/view/760