The Role of Transcriptomics in Plant Development and Stress Response | Chapter 7 | Current Advances in Plant Science, Molecular Biology and Health Sector

 

Transcriptomics is the study of the structure, function, and evolution of the transcriptome (i.e., the entirety of RNA transcripts produced by the genome) of a given organism or community of organisms under a variety of conditions. With the advancement of Genomic studies, different types of –OMICS have been developed like Genomics, Proteomics, Transcriptomics, Metabolomics and lastly DNA-Adductomes. These are used to understand complex biological processes as well as to identify different problems in growth, development, stress conditions and diseases in all organisms. One of the important disciplines, Transcriptomes or Transcriptomics, has been discussed here. The word Transcriptome was first used in 1990, and the study of transcriptomes was started in 1991 for the understanding of human brain function. In this discipline, all transcripts (messenger RNA/mRNA) having both coding and non-coding mRNA originating from DNA are dealt with. The analysis of the entire collection of RNA sequences (coding and non-coding sequences) of a cell is very important, as it will show when and where each gene is turned on or off under different conditions. With the help of RNA-seq technology, transcriptional activity can be measured easily, and can show transcriptomic changes in the secondary metabolic pathway at different developmental stages as well as variations in gene expression in different plant tissues and under diverse environmental stresses.  Transcriptome analysis is generally done through a special technique called Single Cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA seq) that has been discussed in detail. The role of Transcriptomics in plant development has been studied in the Shoot and Root Meristems of different plants. Its importance has also been discussed in plants under different stress conditions (both external and internal), such as biotic, abiotic, drought, salinity, etc. This study will help to identify Stress-responsive and Stress-tolerance genes (Priming Genes) having important applications in adaptation. Thus, transcriptomic studies have wide applications in plants to identify genes and their expression in the development of Shoot Apical Meristems and Root Apical Meristems. This technique can also be applied to understand differentially expressed genes under different environmental stresses.

 

Author(s) Details

Professor Satyesh Chandra Roy
Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study for Cell and Chromosome Research, University of Calcutta, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-989371-7-9/CH7

New Microsatellite Markers for Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton | Chapter 3 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8

 Perilla crop (Perilla frutescens L.) is respected as a health food and established food in Korea. However, there is still a lack of Perilla plain sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite textbook sets for studying genetic variety and phylogenetic connections among accessions of refined and weedy types of Perilla crop from East Asia, especially Korea. In our premature study, we obtained 15,991 SSR positions from transcriptome sequencing by RNA-seq in one refined type (PF98095) of P. frutescens var. frutescens. 37 novel Perilla SSR primer sets were created for Perilla class based on RNA sequences got from transcriptome research. These novel Perilla SSR markers were used to examine the historical diversity of 15 farmed and thin Perilla crop accessions. There were 182 verified alleles in 37 positions, with an average of 4.9 alleles per locus and varying from 2 to 9 alleles per locus. The main allele frequency (MAF) per locus different from 0.200 to 0.733, with an average of 0.463. The deoxyribonucleic acid diversity (GD) categorized from 0.391 to 0.853, with an average of 0.670. The average polymorphic facts content (PIC) was 0.624, ranging from 0.315 to 0.838. The novel Perilla SSR tombstones presented in this place work may provide acceptable markers for resolving the genetic diversity and hereditary connections of cultured and weedy Perilla crop assortments. Furthermore, novel Perilla SSR markers derived from transcriptome reasoning can be secondhand for cultivar proof of similarity, conservation of Perilla germplasm resources, and ancestral mapping and mark of relevant genes/QTLs for future Perilla agricultural development efforts.

Author(s) Details:

Ju Kyong Lee,
Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V8/article/view/12061

Single-cell Whole RNA Sequencing from Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte | Chapter 15 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 The paper presents a genetic method that combined single-cell mRNA differential display and RNA subtractive hybridization 10 years ago to uncover CD8 T-cell quiet. We utilised one comparable RNA specimen from the amplified RNA to execute RNA high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to investigate the viability of whole RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq) for gene expression at a single-cell level (RNA-Seq). We discovered that RNA-seq results were more closely connected to single-cell mRNA differential display and single-cell qPCR results. The pair correlation of gene expression levels from normalised RPKM (reads per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads) and qrtPCR among up-regulated genes (Tob, TGF-, LKLF, SnoA, Ski, Myc, ERF, and REST/NRSF complex) in the study was 0.58-0.81. T-cells are in a state of dormancy. The findings show that RNA-Seq may be used to analyse the transcriptome at the single-cell level.

Author(S) Details

Biaoru Li
Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Cancer Center, MCG, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

Yunbo Xu
Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Cancer Center, MCG, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V10/article/view/6967