Exploring Factors Influencing Health Professionals’ Preparedness for Trauma Care in Accident and Emergency Departments in Selected Hospitals in Kakamega County, Kenya | Chapter 1 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 4

 

Introduction: Trauma is a physical injury of sudden onset and severity to living tissue caused by an extrinsic agent and may result in wounds, broken bones, or internal organ damage. More than 9 people die every minute from trauma and 5.8 million people of all ages and economic groups die every year from accidental injuries. Trauma is a neglected disease of the modern world. Healthcare provider preparedness contributes to trauma patient survival.

Purpose: The main objective of the study was to determine health professional factors influencing trauma care preparedness among health care providers working in the accident and emergency departments of the selected hospitals.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional Analytic study. Census sampling was used to select General Practitioner hospitals. A systematic sampling technique was used to choose study participants from 11 selected hospitals. The study participants were 183 health professionals (Doctors, Clinical Officers and Nurses) working in the selected hospitals’ accident and emergency departments.  Data was collected using structured questionnaires, and observation checklists. Data was analyzed using a statistical package for Social Science software version 22.0. Inferential statistics were used to test the strength of the association. 

Results: Health Professionals’ factors that influenced trauma care preparedness were; specific training on trauma care (p=0.002), attending Continuing Professional Development education (p=0.0008) and duration when last update was received (p= 0.04).   Trauma care preparedness which was the study outcome was defined as a score of at least 50% on the four areas that were examined i.e. feeling on being prepared to attend to mass casualties, team performing a primary survey on trauma patients, having guidelines on the primary survey on trauma patients strongly agreeing that regular courses on trauma care are useful in preparation for trauma care with each having a score of 1 and overall expected score of 4.0.

Conclusion:  Trauma is influenced by trauma-related training, trauma-related continuing medical education, and the time since the last trauma update was received. Healthcare professionals who work in accident and emergency rooms must receive regular updates on trauma care as well as trauma-related training.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Dinnah Akosa Okwiri
School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedical Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya.

 

John Martin Okoth
Department of Nursing Research, Education and Management, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya.

 

Tecla Psusma Sum
Department of Paramedical Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v4/3627G

Readiness of Community Pharmacists to Play a Supportive and Advocacy Role in the Fight against Corona Virus Disease: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study | Chapter 13 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 Background: As the coronavirus illness pandemic continues to impose a strain on healthcare systems worldwide, it is vital to analyse whether every part of the healthcare system is ready to respond.

The study sought to determine whether community pharmacists in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are willing to assist in the fight against COVID-19.

The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey as its methodology. A descriptive analysis was used to identify the demographic characteristics of the sampled population, as well as frequency tables and graphs to determine the practise, readiness, attitudes, and knowledge of community pharmacists. The means of the subset of knowledge on COVID-19 aetiology, prognosis, and management, and the practise, attitudes were compared in a one-way analysis of variance to see if the difference was significant in predicting preparedness to play a supporting role in the battle against COVID-19.

Results: Adherence to the Ministry of Health's recommended recommendations for COVID-19 treatment and control as indicated by the practise of a community pharmacist. Approximately 74% cleaned all contact surfaces on a regular basis, and 69 percent performed basic temperature checks on personnel and consumers. Community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia viewed the fight against COVID-19 positively [m = 4.08, with a reasonably small difference in percentage distribution between those who were doubtful and those who claimed to be extremely satisfied (20 percent).] Community pharmacists in KSA revealed considerable awareness of COVID-19, as all respondents (100%) were aware of the basic symptoms of COVID-19, 62 percent were aware of COVID-19 management options, and 81 percent considered the ministry's material was adequate. A p value of 0.00 suggested that the findings were significant enough to support the hypothesis that community pharmacists in KSA were eager to help battle COVID-19.

Conclusion: The data show that Saudi Arabian community pharmacists are prepared to participate in COVID-19 pandemic preparation and response.

Author(S) Details

Ali Alshararni
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, TU, P.O. BOX: 888, Haweiah 21974 Saudi Arabia.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/ETDHR-V5/article/view/6151

COVID-19 Pandemic Preparedness and Control Measures by India: The Nationwide Lockdown and Impact | Chapter 4 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 10

 The year 2019 was drawing to a close, and a new coronovirus would usher in the New Year. COVID-19, a new Coronavirus, was declared a PHEIC and then a Pandemic on March 11th, 2020. The disease's symptoms are similar to those of the flu (influenza) or a common cold, both of which are significantly more common than COVID-19. In more serious cases, an infection may show as pneumonia or abrupt onset dyspnea, with transmission occurring through direct contact with respiratory droplets. The Indian government was important in swift action from the time this illness was simply an epidemic and had yet to be declared a pandemic. The Indian government (GOI) began taking initiatives to improve the situation. Screening of international travellers, surveillance through the IDSP network, 14-day entry quarantine, suspension of entry of any foreign nationals from the PRC, establishment of a control room, and other measures are being taken to postpone the inevitable outcome and buy time for the health department to implement mitigation measures. The Government of India had proactively responded to the ‘Test, Track, and Treat' plan. It included expanding lab facilities, including the business sector, declaring masks and sanitizers as vital commodities, establishing RRTs in states, testing at the most number of places possible, contact tracing of positives, and active monitoring in a select areas of the country. India has learned a valuable lesson. Learning from other nations, the social vaccine was adopted as a temporary remedy until the vaccine was available. The benefits of non-pharmacological therapies were recognised and disseminated to the general public through a variety of IEC initiatives. All of these steps were performed prior to the enactment of the ‘LOCKDOWN' on March 24, 2020. Although the lockdown had many unintended repercussions, the GOI saw it as the only preventive step available to stem the tide. The lockdown had no effect on the delivery of life-saving medical services. All government and private health care facilities were inspected. The social vaccination was adopted as a temporary treatment until the vaccine was ready, based on lessons learned from other countries. Through a number of IEC activities, the benefits of non-pharmacological therapy were recognised and conveyed to the general public. Prior to the enactment of the 'LOCKDOWN' on March 24, 2020, all of these stages were completed. The GOI saw the lockdown as the only preventive measure available to stem the tide, despite its many unforeseen consequences. The lockdown had no impact on the provision of life-saving medical assistance. All health-care facilities, both public and private, were inspected.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Saurabh Rattan
CMO Office, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Dr. Anmol Gupta,
Department of Community Medicine, IGMC, Shimla, India.

Dr. Gopal Ashish Sharma
Department of Community Medicine, IGMC, Shimla, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CDHR-V10/article/view/2542

Recent Research on Teachers’ Preparedness in Integrating Information Communication Technologies in Public Primary Teacher Training Colleges in Kenya | Chapter 1 | New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 2

This study investigated teachers’ preparedness in integrating ICTs in public primary teacher training colleges in Kenya. Integration of ICTs brings revolutionary changes in teaching methodologies. The innovation lies not per se in the introduction and use of ICTs, but in its role as a contributor towards students-centered form of teaching and learning. Teachers’ preparedness was measured in; types of ICTs available, teacher’s training levels, teacher attitudes towards ICTs and challenges faced on ICTs integration. A descriptive survey design was used in the study which was conducted in four (4) public primary teacher training colleges in Central region of Kenya. These provided an ideal population for the study. The obtained data was analyzed systematically using descriptive statistics and presented with the help of frequency tables, figures and percentages. The study findings revealed that the types of ICTs available were inadequate; there was lack of proper training in the use of ICTs and preparedness on integration of ICTs was at an infant stage with several challenges on attempts to integration.  

Author(s) Details

Alice Omariba
School of Education, Murang’a University of Technology, P.O.Box 75-10200, Murang’a, Kenya.

View  Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/215