Ivestigations on Exhaust Emissions of Insulated Diesel Engine Fuelled with Fish Oil Blended with Copper Nano Particles| Chapter 4 | Techniques and Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 8

 Fish oils are good substitutes for engine, as they are abundant, cheap, Renewable, corresponding calorific value and cetane number when compared accompanying neat engine operation. However, the disadvantages guide Fish oils such as high stickiness and surface tension causes combustion, Mixture establishment and fuel spray characteristics questions in diesel engines, that call for low heat denial (LHR) engine, consisting of air breach insulated contents and Piston. Particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen , carbon mono oxide  levels and un-burned hydro carbons (UBHC) are the exhaust emissions from a diesel. They also cause environmental belongings like small or pointless generation of greenhouse smoke (GHG) emissions and Global Warming. Hence control of these emissions is an next effect and an urgent step. The pollutants of  and  were driven at full load movement of the engine fueled accompanying Fish oil blended accompanying optimum quantity of diethyl heavenly (DEE) mixed with policeman nano particles with different injection timing accompanying both versions of the power plant such as unoriginal engine (CE) and LHR engine and distinguished with diesel movement on conventional engine. Particulate diffusions were determined by AVL Smoke rhythm, while other emissions were calculated by Netel Chromatograph multi-gas analyzer at brimming load operation. The pollutants of PM, CO and UBHC were intensely reduced accompanying Fish oil with state-of-the-art injection timing accompanying both versions of the instrument. However,  emissions raised.

Author(s) Details:

P. Srinivas Reddy,
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India and Mechanical Engineering Department, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India.

M. V. S. Murali Krishna,
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India.

Narsimhulu Sanke,
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAIER-V8/article/view/9386

Analysis of Exhaust Emissions with Low Heat Loss Diesel Engine with Alternate Fuels| Chapter 3 | Techniques and Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 7

 Gaseous fuel is an efficient and environmentally-friendly energy source over traditional fuels and are highly combustible and produce a lot of energy per unit volume.  It provides  a high energy density per unit volume and  little toxic by-products when combusted which reduces air pollution problems. Gaseous fuel help to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. For these reasons, gaseous fuel is becoming increasingly popular and is likely to continue to be used more and more in the future. Biodiesel is a form of diesel fuel derived from plants, consisting of long-chain fatty acid esters. It is a renewable and clean-burning fuel that is made from waste vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant grease for use in diesel vehicles. Biodiesel produces less toxic pollutants and greenhouse gases than petroleum diesel and it improves engine lubrication and increases engine life since it is virtually sulfur-free.The drawbacks associated with use of vegetable oils in diesel engines such as high viscosity and low volatility can be reduced to some extent by converting them into biodiesel. However, they cause combustion problems in diesel engine, due to their moderate viscosity, and hence call for low heat rejection (LHR) engine, which can burn low calorific value fuel, give high heat release rate and faster rate of combustion. The concept of ceramic coated engine is to minimize heat loss to the coolant, thereby increasing thermal efficiency. LHR engine in this investigation consisted of ceramic coated diesel engine.They are many methods to induct gaseous fuels such as port injection, carburetion technique, injection of gaseous fuel at the near end of compression stroke etc,.Investigations were carried out with biogas gas as primary fuel inducted by port injection and cottonseed biodiesel was injected into the engine in conventional manner. Particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon mono oxide (CO) levels and un-burnt hydro carbons (UBHC) are the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. They also cause environmental effects like green-house effect and global warming. Hence control of these emissions is an immediate effect and an urgent step. The pollutants of PM, NOx,CO and UBHC were determined at full load operation of the engine with varied injection timing such as recommended injection timing and optimum injection timing. NOx levels were reduced with provision of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) at optimum flow rate of 10%. The maximum induction of biogas with conventional engine (CE) was 35% of total mass of biodiesel as full load operation, while it was 45% with ceramic coated diesel engine (LHR). Particulate emissions were determined by AVL Smoke meter, while other emissions were measured by Netel Chromatograph multi-gas analyzer at full load operation. These pollutants were drastically reduced with induction of biogas and further reduced with advanced injection timing.  

Author(s) Details:

B. Rama Krishna,
Mechatronics Engineering Department, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad, India.

M. V. S. Murali Krishna,
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad, India.

P. Usha Sri,
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAIER-V7/article/view/9118

Performance of a Semi Adiabatic Diesel Engine Fuelled with Jatropha Bio-diesel | Chapter 11 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 4

Background of the Issue: Due to the rapidly diminishing supply of conventional fuels, the steadily rising pollution levels caused by conventional fuels, and the increasing financial burden on developing nations brought on by the importation of crude oil at a fluctuating foreign exchange rate, research into alternative fuels is now relevant and crucial. Because they can be recycled, alcohols made from biomass and oils recovered from plant seeds are significant alternatives to traditional diesel. Plant-seed oils are equivalent to diesel fuel in terms of cetane number, a measure of the ignition quality in diesel engines, and energy fuels per mass. However, they are highly viscous and hardly fugitive. Biofuels, on the other hand, have a high transient. However, they have a low cetane number and little energy per mass. In order to decrease viscosity and improve ignition quality, biodiesel is created chemically from plant seed oils. The semi-adiabatic diesel engine, which reduces the heat transfer to the coolant, is the solution to the biodiesel difficulties.

Goal: Tests were conducted on a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine or semi-adiabatic diesel engine using an air gap insulated piston with a 3-mm air gap, a crown made of stainless steel, and an air gap insulated liner with a stainless steel insert. The conditions of the jatropha biodiesel were varied, as were the injection timing and injector opening pressure.

Study Design: Test fuels diesel or jatropha biodiesel, variable injection time, varied injection pressure, conventional engine (CE) or low heat rejection (LHR) configuration.

Creating biodiesel from raw vegetable oil is one of the goals. 2. Establishing the ideal injection timing for biodiesel-powered LHR and conventional engines, 3. Calculating performance metrics, pollutant levels, and combustion traits using biodiesel at suggested and optimal injector timings at varied injector opening pressures

Methodology: At different brake mean effective pressure readings, performance metrics were calculated. Smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollution levels were measured when the engine was operating at full load. Utilizing a TDC (top dead centre) encoder, pressure transducer, console, and specialised pressure-crank angle software programme, combustion parameters during full load operation were determined.

Brief Results: When using biodiesel at the prescribed injection timing and pressure, the LHR engine's performance improved while the conventional engine's (CE) performance declined. When compared to CE with pure diesel operation, the performance of both versions of the engine improved with enhanced injection time and greater injection pressure. When using biodiesel on an LHR engine at its optimal injection timing, as opposed to a CE engine using plain diesel at the manufacturer's suggested injection timing, peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 4%, smoke levels reduced by 4%, and NOx levels rose by 37%.

Author(s) Details:

N. Janardhan,

Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, India.

M. V. S. Murali Krishna,

Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V4/article/view/7316

Investigations on Exhaust Emissions of a Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine with Alternative Fuels | Chapter 11 | Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 6

 The search for alternative fuels has become necessary in light of the rapid depletion of conventional fuels. Because they are renewable, alcohols and vegetable oils are important diesel substitutes. Vegetable oils have a calorific value and cetane number that are comparable to diesel fuel. Alcohols have the advantage of having a high volatility and having oxygen in their chemical structure or makeup. Vegetable oils, on the other hand, have the disadvantages of high viscosity and moderate volatility. Alcohols have a low cetane number (a measure of the quality of combustion in a diesel engine) and a poor calorific value. As a result, vegetable oils and alcohols necessitate a diesel engine with a low heat rejection (LHR). It can solve the problem of vegetable oils and alcohols combusting. Exhaust emissions from various variants of low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engines, such as the LHR-1 engine (ceramic coated engine), LHR-2 engine (air gap insulated engine), and LHR-3 engine (combination of LHR-1 and LHR-2 engine) using carbureted butanol and unrefined jatropha oil, were investigated (CJO). As a result, the benefits of vegetable oil and alcohol can be used to reduce engine pollution. At full load operation, exhaust emissions of particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and aldehydes from several LHR engine designs were measured. a traditional engine (CE). Particulate matter and NOx were measured using an AVL Smoke metre and a Netel Chromatograph NOx analyzer, respectively, at full load operation. At full load operation, aldehydes such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were assessed using a wet approach known as the dinitrophenyle (DNPH) method. With carbureted butanol, LHR variants of the engine reduced exhaust pollutants significantly. In different variants of the engine, increasing the injection pressure reduced emissions even more.

Author(s) Details

Dr. M. V. S. Murali Krishna
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

Dr. V. V. R. Seshagiri Rao
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

Dr. R. P. Chowdary
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

Dr. N. Janardhan
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

Mr. N. Venkateswara Rao
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

Dr. T. Ratna Reddy
Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, Telangana State, India.

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