Combustion Characteristics of a Semi-Adiabatic Diesel Engine with Plastic Oil with Supercharging | Chapter 8 | Techniques and Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 1

 Plastic waste cannot biodegrade. It poses health risks to both people and livestock. Researchers discovered that it has natural carcinogenic properties. Oil made from plastic can be used in internal combustion engines. The need for alternative fuels has become urgent given the rapid depletion of fossil fuels, the continuous rise in pollution caused by fossil fuels, and the rising cost of importing crude oil, which could have been invested in other crucial areas like agriculture, health, and poverty alleviation. Due to their renewable nature, vegetable oils and alcohols are crucial diesel fuel replacements. Alcohols have a high volatility but a low calorific value and cetane number, which is a gauge of the quality of the combustion in a diesel engine. Vegetable oils, on the other hand, have comparable cetane numbers and calorific values. However, they are both highly viscous and quite stable. Plastic oil, which can be produced from waste materials using a process called pyrolysis and has qualities that are similar to those of diesel fuel, is an excellent substitute for diesel fuel. Plastic oil, however, has a high viscosity. The plastic oil was supplemented with diethyl ether (DEE) in the recommended quantity (15%) to lower viscosity and increase cetane number. These viscous fuels can be burned efficiently in semi-adiabatic diesel engines or low heat rejection engines (SADE). The goal of SADE is to create hot combustion chambers appropriate for burning highly viscous fuels by minimising heat loss to the coolant. The SADE's powerplant was air gap insulated. If the architecture of the combustion chamber was altered from a standard combustion chamber to an insulated combustion chamber, it is important to determine or assess the combustion characteristics of the test fuels. This report's objective was to identify the combustion characteristics of peak pressure (PP), time of peak pressure (TOPP), and maximum rate of pressure rise (MRPR) during full load operation of the engine using both versions of the engine, such as conventional engine (CE) and SADE with and without supercharging and with different injection timing. Supercharging is the process of adding more (oxygen) air at a high pressure to the engine's inlet manifold in order to increase engine output. The TDC (top dead centre) encoder was linked to the extended portion of the extended shaft of the dynamometer, and the piezoelectric transducer was connected to the top portion of the cylinder head. The TDC encoder and transducer were both attached to the console. The console transforms the magnetic signal from the TDC encoder and the pressure signal from the transducer into an electric signal that is fed to the computer. When operating at full load, the computer reads the combustion parameter data. An electronic sensor was used to change the injection timing. SADE's enhanced injection time improved the combustion characteristics at full load operation.

Author(s) Details:

Aditya Seshu Machiraju,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osmania University, India.

M. V. S. Murali Krishna,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, India.

P. Ushasri,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAIER-V1/article/view/8179

Performance of a Semi Adiabatic Diesel Engine Fuelled with Jatropha Bio-diesel | Chapter 11 | Technological Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 4

Background of the Issue: Due to the rapidly diminishing supply of conventional fuels, the steadily rising pollution levels caused by conventional fuels, and the increasing financial burden on developing nations brought on by the importation of crude oil at a fluctuating foreign exchange rate, research into alternative fuels is now relevant and crucial. Because they can be recycled, alcohols made from biomass and oils recovered from plant seeds are significant alternatives to traditional diesel. Plant-seed oils are equivalent to diesel fuel in terms of cetane number, a measure of the ignition quality in diesel engines, and energy fuels per mass. However, they are highly viscous and hardly fugitive. Biofuels, on the other hand, have a high transient. However, they have a low cetane number and little energy per mass. In order to decrease viscosity and improve ignition quality, biodiesel is created chemically from plant seed oils. The semi-adiabatic diesel engine, which reduces the heat transfer to the coolant, is the solution to the biodiesel difficulties.

Goal: Tests were conducted on a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine or semi-adiabatic diesel engine using an air gap insulated piston with a 3-mm air gap, a crown made of stainless steel, and an air gap insulated liner with a stainless steel insert. The conditions of the jatropha biodiesel were varied, as were the injection timing and injector opening pressure.

Study Design: Test fuels diesel or jatropha biodiesel, variable injection time, varied injection pressure, conventional engine (CE) or low heat rejection (LHR) configuration.

Creating biodiesel from raw vegetable oil is one of the goals. 2. Establishing the ideal injection timing for biodiesel-powered LHR and conventional engines, 3. Calculating performance metrics, pollutant levels, and combustion traits using biodiesel at suggested and optimal injector timings at varied injector opening pressures

Methodology: At different brake mean effective pressure readings, performance metrics were calculated. Smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollution levels were measured when the engine was operating at full load. Utilizing a TDC (top dead centre) encoder, pressure transducer, console, and specialised pressure-crank angle software programme, combustion parameters during full load operation were determined.

Brief Results: When using biodiesel at the prescribed injection timing and pressure, the LHR engine's performance improved while the conventional engine's (CE) performance declined. When compared to CE with pure diesel operation, the performance of both versions of the engine improved with enhanced injection time and greater injection pressure. When using biodiesel on an LHR engine at its optimal injection timing, as opposed to a CE engine using plain diesel at the manufacturer's suggested injection timing, peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 4%, smoke levels reduced by 4%, and NOx levels rose by 37%.

Author(s) Details:

N. Janardhan,

Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, India.

M. V. S. Murali Krishna,

Mechanical Engineering Department, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500 075, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TIER-V4/article/view/7316