Formulation of Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.) Leaf Extract-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles as Anti-Breast Cancer In vitro | Book Publisher International

Background: Indonesia, an archipelagic country with numerous volcanoes, is home to Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.), which thrives around the volcanic craters, including on Mount Tangkuban Parahu in North Bandung. Empirically, the local community uses it for salad, cosmetics, and health. Previous studies have demonstrated that Cantigi leaf extract exhibits significant cytotoxic activity against L1210 leukemia cells, though its effects on breast cancer cells have yet to be studied.

Objectives: To obtain simplicia and extracts of Cantigi leaves that meet the quality standards of simplicia and extracts; to determine the toxicity data of Cantigi leaf extract using BSLT and MTT methods on T47D and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and on normal Vero cells, and determine their selectivity index; to obtain data on volatile bioactive compounds using the GC-MS method and non-volatile bioactive compounds using the LC-MS/MS method; to formulate and obtain physicochemical data and optimum cytotoxic activity of Cantigi leaf extract-loaded gelatin nanoparticles.

Methodology: Cantigi leaves of Mount Tangkuban Parahu were made into simplicia using an oven, and the extract using maceration in stages with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The simplicia and extracts were tested and standardized against specific and non-specific parameters. The extract cytotoxic activity was prepared and tested by BSLT (Artemia salina larva) and MTT (T47D, MCF-7, and Vero cells) methods, and the selectivity index was calculated and compared. Extract phytochemicals were analyzed using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS methods. The extract was prepared and synthesized into gelatin nanoparticles by varying two process variables and three material concentrations and characterized by particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, IC₅₀ (T47D cells), FTIR, morphology, and release profile.

Results: The simplicia and extract met the specific and non-specific quality standards. The ethyl acetate extract was toxic on the BSLT test (LC50 of 320,63 ppm) and had the highest cytotoxic activity ((IC₅₀ of 75.16+3.05 ppm, the MTT test on T47D cells). GC-MS identified two main compounds (palmitic acid and stearic acid), and LC-MS/MS identified three main compounds (bufalin, trametenolic acid, and beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside), and all had cytotoxic activities on breast cancer cells. Gelatin nanoparticles can be prepared and characterized. The most optimum gelatin nanoparticles have the following characteristics: Particle size of 128.7+28.8 nm, polydispersity index of 0.293+0.00, zeta potential of 9.53+0.00 mV, entrapment efficiency of 74.87+0.00 %, and cytotoxic activity (IC₅₀) of 16.88+1.42 ppm. In general, the gelatin nanoparticles met the nanoparticle criteria.

Conclusion: The formulation of gelatin nanoparticles from Cantigi leaf extract (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Blume Miq.) as an in vitro breast cancer agent can produce gelatin nanoparticles that have optimum cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ of 16.88 ppm, and this activity is better than the cytotoxic activity of the crude extract with IC₅₀ of 75.16 ppm.

 

Author (s) Details

Kosasih Kosasih
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-84-6

Developing New Schiff Base Complexes with Pyridine Moiety as Anticancer Agents | Chapter 7 | Novel Aspects on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 4

 This stage investigated to expand New Schiff Base Complexes with Pyridine Moiety as Anticancer Agents. Cancer can result from unusual proliferation of one the different types of cells in the body, so skilled are more than a hundred different types of cancer, that can vary substantially in their nature and response to situation. The most important issue in tumor pathology is the distinction 'tween benign and diseased tumors. This study searched the anticancer studies of pyridine Schiff group of chemical elements complexes from 2015 to 2021. Information was gathered from the picked studies to analyze and focal point the importance of anticancer powers. A total of sixty six full-length articles on the subject were checked, the results were summarized, and the action against different container types was given as IC50 values or hindrance percentages. On the critical amount, we found that compared to Schiff base ligand, the alloy complexes shown excellent endeavor towards various cancer container lines (including MCF-7, HeLa, HCT-116, Hepa-2). This episode discovered that the ore complexes were more potent than the Schiff base ligands. We decide that this article will aid investigators in developing new Schiff base composites with pyridine moiety as anticancer powers.

Author(s) Details:

R. Induleka,

Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-641043, India.

M. Gowri,

Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-641043, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NACB-V4/article/view/11258

Computational Modeling of New Drugs for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) using Functional Correlations and Artificial Intelligence (AI)| Chapter 4 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 With the aid of our computer modelling techniques, the study seeks to alter the prescription drugs now used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). The half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) value is a measurement used to determine the binding affinity of newly developed medicines to protein molecules associated with Alzheimer's. This number represents the dosage at which a drug must be present in order to block a particular biological process. The predicted updated IC50 values are predicted using two methods. First, the functional graph techniques provide correlations that result in projected IC50 values for the altered drug molecules utilising the energies and the experimentally determined IC50 values.

Author(s) Details:

Nouf Masarweh,
Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Center for Molecular Design and Development, Arkansas, USA.

Jerry A. Darsey,
Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Center for Molecular Design and Development, Arkansas, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V6/article/view/8092

Exploring the Biological Potentials of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. with Special Reference Exploiting the Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities| Chapter 6 |Innovations in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol.4

The work's main goal was to unzip the constructional usage of Cissus quadrangularis Linn's biopotentials, which could lead to the discovery of new medication leads for life-threatening and difficult-to-treat disorders. The plant was obtained in the Shenbagathoppu Reserved Forest, which is located in Tamil Nadu, India's southernmost state. For extraction, three different solvents were used: ethyl acetate, hexane, and water. GC-MS was used to examine the extracts' phytochemical fingerprint. The decoctions of aqueous, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts yielded 37, 43, and 38 diverse chemicals, respectively. The biological potentials of chemicals separated from Cissus quadrangularis Linn were evaluated in this work for anticancer and antibacterial purposes. The IC50 value of ethyl acetate extract was determined to be the lowest of the three extracts, at 1.27 g/ml. Hexane extract and aqueous had IC50 values of 4.12 g/ml and 4.46 g/ml, respectively. The greatest zone of inhibition was 14 mm against Escherichia coli in ethyl acetate extract and 9 mm against Escherichia coli in hexane extract, indicating that increasing the concentration of extract increased the zone of inhibition.

Author(s) Details:

P. Samuel,
Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India.


J. Augostriena,
Department of Biotechnology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India.


T. Selvarathinam,
Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India.


D. N. P. Sudarmani,
Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IMB-V4/article/view/6226