Atomic Force Microscopy Characterization of Thin Films: A Review| Chapter 9 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 5

 Metal chalcogenide films have fascinated excellent attention by way of their singular physical, ocular, and energetic characteristics. The obtained films displayed wonderful absorption cooperative, direct band breach and good transparency in the seeable portion. Therefore, these matters maybe used in ocular bows, opto-electronic designs, cosmic containers, radiation detectors, visual modulators and shade resembling such a color detector. In this work, the terrain of the able films was intentional using tiny force microscopy method based on picked article review. The findings marked that the morphologies of the surface forms of thin films change with the dethroning methods and experimental environments.

Author(s) Details:

Ho Soon Min,
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V5/article/view/8971

Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of Thin Films: A Review| Chapter 2 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 5

 Thin films possibly used in solar cell, indication of light devices, ocular waveguides, optoelectronic ploys and temperature sensors. These films were deposited taking advantage of various methods to some extent sputtering, chemical generally deposition system, electro dethroning method, pulsed indication of light deposition, vacuum separation, thermal evaporation, spray pyrolysis, e-beam separation, chemical mist dethroning and spin coating method. Characterization of the received films could be studied through picture of inside a body photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray dissemination, Raman spectrometry, Rutherford Backscattering spectrometry, tiny force microscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission capacity microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and substance dispersive X-ray analysis. The SEM technique hold produce images by scanning the surface of the samples following focused energized matter beam. These electrons must communicate with atoms (in the inclined films), produce various signals, contained very main facts such as surface terrain and arrangement. The SEM keep reach resolution better than 1 nanometer, and the samples could be discovered indifferent environments (extreme emptiness, low emptiness or wet environments). In this work, the semantic of the prepared films was stated established the selected research review. It was shown that seed amount, thickness and grain shape authority depended on the distinguishing environments.

Author(s) Details:

Ho Soon Min,
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V5/article/view/8895

Applications of Transmission Electron Microscopy Technique to Thin Film Studies: Review| Chapter 4 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 5

 There are two ordinary deposition methods, that is to say chemical deposition pattern and physical deposition method could be used to produce thin films. The structure, makeup, optical, compositional and electrical characteristics of the obtained films were studied utilizing atomic force microscopy, scanning energized matter microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometer, x-ray dissemination, energy dispersive x-ray study, scanning probe microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, radioactivity fluorescence, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Transmission power microscopy technique was used to investigate the clear structure, crystal introduction, grain size and time of crystalline materials. In this work, the arrangement of thin films using various types of dethroning methods was reported. In addition, the characteristics of the obtained films were studied utilizing transmission electron microscopy method based on selected information review. Experimental results confirmed that film deposition process can powerfully affect the crystal construction, crystallite size and phase of lucid.

Author(s) Details:

Ho Soonmin,
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai - 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V5/article/view/8856

Grain Size and its Influence on Transport Properties of Soils in the Dream Cave, Bantimurung–Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi | Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 8

This study examines how soil transport parameters, such as hydraulic conductivity and water permeability, are affected by grain size in the Dream Cave, Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi. The soil samples were collected from the Dream Cave along 6 different paths, each of which was 100 metres long and began at the cave's entrance. After being removed from the caverns, soil samples are examined in a lab to ascertain the soil's hydraulic conductivity, permeability, and particle size. According to experimental findings, the soil of South Sulawesi's Dream Cave Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park is made up of soil grains that range in size from dust to very coarse sand and have a diameter of (0.002 - 2.0) mm. The size of the soil's pores has an impact on the soil's water permeability, but so does the texture of the soil. Since sand contains bigger holes that enable the transport of water and other things more quickly, its soil permeability will be greater than that of other textures (such as clay). Because of its clay texture, the soil at Dream Cave has a poor hydraulic conductivity and low permeability.

Author(s) Details:

Muhammad Arsyad,

Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Kampus UNM Parangtambung Jl, Daeng Tata Raya Makassar 90224, Indonesia.

. Fatmainnah,

Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Kampus UNM Parangtambung Jl, Daeng Tata Raya Makassar 90224, Indonesia.

Agus Susanto,

Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Kampus UNM Parangtambung Jl, Daeng Tata Raya Makassar 90224, Indonesia.

Pariabti Palloan,

Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Kampus UNM Parangtambung Jl, Daeng Tata Raya Makassar 90224, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V8/article/view/7404

The Mamfe Formation, South Eastern Nigeria, Its Paleoenvironments and Paleoclimatic Settings: Evidence from Petrography and Grain Size Distributions | Chapter 2 | Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 4

 The Mamfe formation's sediments were analysed petrographically and texturally to identify their provenance, paleoclimate, and paleoenvironment. Sedimentological research included grain size analysis, pebble morphometry, and thin section petrography on these sediments. Grain size analysis produced average values of 0.94, 1.30, 0.1, and 1.20 for mean grain size, inclusive standard deviation, graphic skewness, and kurtosis, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the sandstones contain fine to coarse grain size representation; they are poorly sorted, with a positive skewed dominance, implying a river origin for the sediments. Bivariate analysis also reveals that fluvial processes had a significant influence on sediment transit and deposition. The elongation ratio (ER), flatness ratio (FR), maximum projection sphericity index (MPSI), oblate-prolate index (OPI), and sphericity (S) values for pebbles all fall within acceptable bounds for fluvial deposits. This shows that fluvial activities predominate during deposition. Plots of sphericity vs. OP index, as well as a triangular plot of particle form, show that the pebbles were shaped mostly by fluvial activity. According to petrographic study, feldspar and rock fragments contributed less to the sediment framework elements than quartz did. As a result, the sandstones are classified as texturally and mineralogically immature arkosic to subarkosic arenites derived from uplifted basement rocks and deposited in a humid climate.

Author(s) Details

A. Otele
Department of Petroleum Engineering and Geoscience Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

E. E. Okon
Department of Geology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.

N. U. Essien
Department of Geosciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/MAGEES-4/article/view/1047