Postinfection-post Vaccination Autoimmune Neural Long COVID-19: A Review | Chapter 11 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

In healthy human patients, auto-antibodies and auto-reactive immune cells may be present in the normal physiological autoimmune state. A spike protein was incorporated into the virus in case of post-infection during the post-sars-cov-2 infection and post-vaccination phases. Alternatively, the peptide produced by the spike protein sequence of the human COVID-19 m The human vaccinee cells include auto-reacting epitopes for RNA vaccines. Both the vaccinee cells and the viral spike protein include molecular mimicking epitopes that either share or are mono-specific to the immune system and cause autoimmune reactions. Immune conversion states can result in single or many organ problems that show the patho-biologic traits of autoimmune long covid-19, which can cause autoimmune tissue damage. This mechanistic analysis of the lengthy CoVID-19 is supported by its placement on the list of autoimmune registry 2021. Some employees believe that autoantibodies are the cause of autoimmune long COVID-19. While there is still some debate, some researchers think that auto-antibodies and auto-reacting immune cells are both implicated. In this chapter, a literature show-case study of neural autoimmune long COVID-19 was provided, along with a recommendation for an animal model for post-infection, post-vaccination, long COVID-19. These two illness entities overlap one another.

Author (s) Details:

Ibrahim M. S. Shnawa,
Department of Anesthesia Technology, Hillah University College and College of Biotechnology, University of Qasim, Babylon, Iraq.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V4/article/view/7513

In Silico Prediction and 3D Model Analysis of Potential Epitope of Heat Shock Protein-70 (HSP70) Gallus gallus as Candidate Biomarkers for Poultry Meat Quality Tests| Chapter 8 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 5

The major goal of this study was to look for possible heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) epitopes in chickens (Gallus gallus). The epitopes are crucial for developing a vaccination that will generate antibodies against HSP70, which can then be utilised as biomarkers to evaluate HSP70 expression. There is a link between HSP70, which indicates the presence of stresses, and meat quality, according to other studies. Physical, chemical, and biological stresses can reduce the quality of bird meat before, during, and after broiler slaughter. The discovery of a possible biomarker for HSP70 will be extremely useful in determining the quality of poultry meat. In this work, the HSP70 sequences of Gallus gallus were analysed in silico to look for possible epitopes as biomarkers. The approach employed was a bioinformatics-related software-based method. Two putative biomarker candidate peptides related to HSP70, AILMGDKSENVQD and ISWLDRNQMAEKEEYEHKQKELEK, were obtained from this investigation. These epitopes can also be used to create a three-dimensional model. More study is needed to demonstrate the efficacy of these two indicators in vivo.

Author(s) Details:

Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede,
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, Jl. Majapahit 62 Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia.

Budi Indarsih,
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, Jl. Majapahit 62 Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia.

I Ketut Gede Wiryawan,
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, Jl. Majapahit 62 Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia.

Muhamad Hasil Tamsil,
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, Jl. Majapahit 62 Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia.

. Maskur,
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Mataram, Jl. Majapahit 62 Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V5/article/view/6983

COVID Epitope is Magic | Chapter 7 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 12

 Using unique modifications of the NIH Blast amino acid comparison method, we determined the amino acid sequences that are nearly identical between the COVID 19 amino acid sequence and the Platelet Factor 4 amino acid sequence. Molecular mimicry can then be used to determine which of the many potential epitopes on the surface of the Spike protein is the genuine epitope that causes the antibody response to the COVID 19 virus, resulting in platelet cross-reactivity. Molecular mimicry is a well-known phenomena in vaccinations. It has never, however, been utilised to determine the precise binding sequence generated by a vaccine.

Author(s) Details

George Pieczenik
129 Kingwood Locktown Road, Stockton, NJ 08559, Stockton, US.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V12/article/view/3664