Adipocytes as a Risk Factor for Metastasis in Patients with Gastric Cancer and Normal Weight | Chapter 5 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 5

 

The study's objective was to determine how the density of cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) influences the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) of patients with gastric cancer (GC) who are normal weight (BMI25) and who have the metastatic process. The instability of the tumor microenvironment caused by an excess of CAA density in tumors limits the capacity of cancer cells to spread and develop metastases. However, the majority of these studies focus on obesity, and nothing is known regarding the potential impact of CAAs on metastasis in individuals with GC who have a BMI of 25 or above. Patients with GC were enrolled in the study, and tumor tissue was examined using immunohistochemical techniques. It was discovered that the frequency of DTC availability in BM increased with a statistically significant probability in patients with GC at BMI 25 and tumors distinguished by an excess of CAAs (P 0.05). According to studies, patients with GC and a BMI below 25 who have tumors with a high CAA content are at a greater risk of spreading. Further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the metabolic symbiosis between cancer cells and CAAs in GC patients with BMI25.

Author(s) Details:

L. Bubnovskaya,
R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

I. Ganusevich,
R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

S. Merentsev,
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Str.69, Kiev-03115, Ukraine.

D. Osinsky,
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Str.69, Kiev-03115, Ukraine.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V5/article/view/7653

Bone Marrow Involvement in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Chapter 7 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 17

 Disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) have been found to be distant metastasis progenitors. The finding of DTCs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will provide critical information on metastatic characteristics, as well as the possibility of uncovering new targets for NSCLC treatment. The study's purpose is to examine if DTC can be found in BM and to figure out how often BM involvement is in NSCLC patients, as well as how it affects the lymphocyte population in the BM. 62 bone marrow samples from NSCLC patients were examined using morphological and immunological methods. Flow cytometry (FACS Canto II, USA, Kaluza Analysis v2.1 software) was used to analyse DTCs. Monoclonal antibodies to CD45, EPCAM, CD133, lymphocyte populations CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16, and CD27 were directly labelled with various fluorochromes. In 43.5 percent of patients, EPCAM+CD45- (DTCs) were identified in the BM (threshold level: 1 cell per 10 million myelocaricytes). In 33.3% (9/27) of the instances, CD133+EPCAM+CD45-cells were discovered. DTC presence had no correlation with tumour size, lymph node status, or tumour stage. Stages IA and IIA had the highest rates of DTC detection: 60.7 percent and 58.3 percent, respectively. BM involvement was observed in 45 percent of instances of adenocarcinoma and 37 percent of samples of squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.501). Highly differentiated tumours had a higher prevalence of DTCs (p = 0.023). There are no significant links between the presence of DTCs in the BM and the parameters of the myelogram. In 4 percent of BM involvement, the number of granulocytic lineage cells decreased (p = 0.036). With BM injury, the level of CD16 + CD4-NK-cells (p = 0.002) and CD27 + CD3 + T-cells (p = 0.015) subpopulations increased significantly. DTCs can be found in the BM of NSCLC patients, according to the findings. The BM accounted for 43.5 percent of the participants. DTCs are observed even in the early stages of NSCLC. A relationship between BM involvement and the degree of tumour differentiation was established. Squamous cell lung cancer exhibited a higher rate of BM involvement than adenocarcinoma of the lung. The link between DTCs and BM lymphocyte populations was discovered: CD16 + CD4-, CD27 + CD3+ subpopulations.

Author (S) Details

Stilidi Ivan
Federal State Budgetary Institute “N.N. Blokhin National medical research center of oncology” of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow; Kashyrskoe sh.24, Moscow, 115478, Russia and Pirogov N.I. Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, 1, Ostrovitianova st., Moscow, 117997, Russia.

Kononetz Pavel
Federal State Budgetary Institute “N.N. Blokhin National medical research center of oncology” of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow; Kashyrskoe sh.24, Moscow, 115478, Russia.

Chulkova Svetlana
Federal State Budgetary Institute “N.N. Blokhin National medical research center of oncology” of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow; Kashyrskoe sh.24, Moscow, 115478, Russia and Pirogov N.I. Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, 1, Ostrovitianova st., Moscow, 117997, Russia.

Tupitsyn Nikolay
Federal State Budgetary Institute “N.N. Blokhin National medical research center of oncology” of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow; Kashyrskoe sh.24, Moscow, 115478, Russia.

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CXCR4 Expression in Gastric Cancer and Bone Marrow | Chapter 4 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that is specific for stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1, CXCL12) and is involved in the spread and progression of a number of different tumors. Although evidence suggests that CXCR4 and SDF-1 expression can be used to assess the risk of gastric cancer progression, their impact on the occurrence and progression of gastric cancer (GC) requires further investigation. The current study examined the relationship of CXCR4 expression in both GC and bone marrow (BM) with clinical characteristics using immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, NMR-spectroscopy, and zymography, as well as overall The overall survival (OS) of 65 GC patients was studied. CXCR4 was found to be expressed in 78.5 percent of GC specimens and was associated with tumor hypoxia (p0.05), VEGF expression (p0.01), and gelatinase activity (p0.05). CXCR4-positive cells in the GC were found in 80 percent of patients with disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the BM. CXCR4 expression in the brain was linked to DTCs, particularly in patients with M0. Patients with CXCR4-positive tumors had a lower overall survival (OS) than those with CXCR4-negative tumors (p=0.037). CXCR4 expression in the brain was not linked to OS. Patients with M0 and both CXCR4-positive BM and DTCs have a higher risk of a poor outcome (P = 0.03).

Author (s) Details

Dmitry Osinsky
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Street 69, Kiev 03115, Ukraine.

Larissa Bubnovskaya
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasylkivska Street 45, Kiev 03022, Ukraine.

Dr. Irina Ganusevich,
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasylkivska Street 45, Kiev 03022, Ukraine.

Lesya Mamontova
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasylkivska Street 45, Kiev 03022, Ukraine.

Sergej Merentsev
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Street 69, Kiev 03115, Ukraine.

Professor Sergej Osinsky
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasylkivska Street 45, Kiev 03022, Ukraine.

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Detailed Research on Disseminated Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow of Gastric Cancer Patients: Correlation with Tumor Hypoxia and Clinical Relevance | Chapter 12 | Innovations in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

Aim: The evaluation of the clinical relevance of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and their association with primary tumor hypoxia.  Methods: It was used immunocytochemistry (detection of DTCs, VEGFR-1 expression in BM); immunohistochemistry (CD68, CD34, VEGF, and VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) expression); NMR spectroscopy (level of tumor hypoxia), zymography (MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity, both in tumor and BM). Results: DTCs were detected in 51.4% of GC patients with M0. There was significant correlation between frequency of DTCs in BM and level of tumor hypoxia (P<0.024). DTCs presence was accompanied with Flt-1 positivity of BM. The correlation between DTCs and tumor VEGF expression in patients with M0 was shown (P<0.0248). Activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in BM was linked with DTCs in BM in patients with M0 (P<0.05). Overall survival (OS) of patients with category M0 and DTCs in BM was shorter than that of patients without DTCs (P=0.0497). OS of patients with DTCs and Flt-1positive BM was shorter than that of patients without DTCs but with Flt-1-positive BM (P=0.0437). Conclusion: Appearance of DTCs in BM correlates with hypoxia level in primary tumors. Detection of DTCs in GC patients may be relevant indicator for adjuvant chemotherapy using.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Larissa Bubnovskaya,
Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

Dr. Irina Ganusevich,
Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

Dr. Victor Mikhailenko
Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

Dr. Dmitry Osinsky,
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Str.69, Kiev-03115, Ukraine.

Sergej Merentsev
City Clinical Oncological Center, Verchovynna Str.69, Kiev-03115, Ukraine.

Professor Sergej Osinsky,
Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vasilkovskaya Str. 45, Kiev-03022, Ukraine.

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