Ecological and Biomedical Significance of Soil and Aquatic Microbes in River Deltas| Chapter 3 |Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 

The world's deltas are home to a vast array of distinct soil and aquatic microbes, most of which take the form of bacteria, fungi, parasites, archaeans, actinomycetes, viruses, etc. They support the ecosystem in many ways, helping to preserve the equilibrium of the natural elements, the biogeological components, and the ecological components. In addition to offering plants environmental and natural defense against pests and diseases, soil microbes also help plants thrive. They play a critical role in converting nutrients and nitrogen into forms that plants can eat. The various functions that aquatic and soil bacteria play are decomposition, oxygen production, evolution, and symbiosis. Certain River Deltas have the highest concentrations of the saline soil-dependent bacterial and fungal community, whereas other River Deltas are enhanced with certain microbes that aid in soil remediation. In certain instances, variations in the C, N, and P ratios are caused by specific kinds of bacteria that break down hydrocarbons. Given that bacteria also produce various allergens and antigens, which are the primary causes of a variety of infectious diseases, some bacteria are used in research studies to produce anti-allergens and medicinal drugs.

 

Author(s) Details

Rajrupa Ghosh
Department of Allied and Health Science, Institute of Management Study, Affiliated to MAKAUT, E.M Bypass, 93 Mukundapur Main Road, West Bengal, Kolkata-700099, India.

Rituparna Acharya
Netaji Subhas Open University, DD-26, Sector-I, Salt Lake City, West Bengal, Kolkata-700064, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v5/1412

Determination of Power Quality Events Using DWT and DTCWT Wavelets | Chapter 3 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 8

 This chaoter judge PQ event algorithm seeing dual tree wavelets and the results are distinguished with wavelets. Power quality disturbances (PQ) are produce with the growth of nonlinear loads, to a degree solid-state switching supplies, electronically switched ploys, industrial rectifiers, and inverters. Warped voltage waveforms unfavorably affect electronic ploys, such as electrical method failures, disk crashes, and microcontroller breakdowns It is shown that the shift invariant feature of dual tree wavelets is beneficial for classifying events in a variety of PQ signals accompanying non-stationary occurrences. The strength levels of the Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) are able to distinguish between many occurrences as well as various sags, swells, tone of sound, interrupts, and flickers.  The classification veracity using DTCWT energy bands is enhanced by more than 90%. DTCWT filters selected in this place paper are suitable for PQ event discovery as well as classification. The recommendation PQ signal with PQ event to a degree sag, swell, transient, harmonics and flicker happen at random intervals in actual time for action or event. The feature detection algorithm needs to discover the presence of event from the physiognomy detected from sub bands and too characterize the occurrence by providing information on time of incident, event duration, force and gradient.

Author(s) Details:

E. Prathibha,
Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia.

A. Manjunatha,
Sri Krishna Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

R. Likhitha,
Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India.

Md. Irfan Ali,
Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V8/article/view/11539

Study on Decomposition and Transformation of Calcite-1 by Shearing at High Pressure | Chapter 05 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 5

 Transmission Calcite-1 was gently sheared at high pressure up to 16 GPa parallel to the (101) plane and in the [2-1-1] direction at room temperature, resulting in X-ray diffraction patterns on imaging plates. There were 22 large diffused circles visible. We may say that the produced chemicals are in an amorphous state based on the appearance of the rings. Except for graphite2H, CaO, and CaC2, the patterns revealed that majority of the rings do not relate to calcite-1, but to high-pressure compounds. They were supposed to have formed as a result of the polymorphism's disintegration and transformation. Atmospheric pressure is maintained. Despite the fact that the aforementioned results appear to contradict scientific consensus, the text mentions phenomena that support the findings. A compound decomposes into simple substances and compounds made up of the original complex's constituents when subjected to severe discontinuous dry rubbing. Calcite-I, when sheared at high pressure, not only changed its polymorphism but also broke down into compounds and simple chemicals.

Author(S) Details

Hiroshi Furuichi
Furuichi Laboratory, 400-0001 Wadamachi 2878-1, Kofu, Japan.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V5/article/view/5349

Decomposition Techniques in Mathematical Programming Applied to Energy-Aware Traffic Engineering Optimization | Chapter 3 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 10

 

The growing energy consumption has already become a global concern and nowadays more than forty countries are involved in researches and programs aiming to develop mechanisms related to energy saving. This work deals with the Energy-aware Traffic Engineering problem applied to the backbone of an IP network in which the used routing protocol is a SPF (Shortest Path First) one. The proposed approach considers the problem of turning off nodes (routers) and circuits, for energy saving; and it also considers the problem of ensuring a maximum circuit utilization level, towards to assure QoS requirements. The core idea of the approach here proposed is, rather than solving the formulated optimization problem by means of heuristic methods, finding the best solution by a direct processing applying Benders decomposition, which crumbles a complicated and hard to solve problem into several smaller ones whose resolution is simpler and whose convergence is faster.

Author (s) Details

Debora Andr ´ ea de Oliveira Santos ´
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Luiz Alencar Reis da Silva Mello
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Marco Antonio Grivet Mattoso Maia
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

View Book :-  https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/250