Digital Health: A Paradigm Shift in Healthcare Management | Chapter 5 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 8

The objective of this chapter is to explore the transformative impact of digitization on healthcare, aiming to improve patient outcomes and streamline medical processes. Healthcare, fundamentally focused on preserving and enhancing human health, has embraced digital technologies to revolutionize its landscape. The integration of binary language and information technology into healthcare practices has ushered in a new era of innovation. We delve into various facets of this digital revolution, highlighting its substantial contributions across diverse domains. Advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI and CAT scans, now leverage complex algorithms to process vast sensor-generated data. These algorithms yield actionable images, enhancing diagnostic precision while minimizing patient risks in robotic surgeries. Bioinformatics, with its capabilities in sequence analysis, genome annotation, and gene expression analysis, plays a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of human biology and disease. Meanwhile, health informatics has revolutionized how we acquire, store, retrieve, and utilize healthcare data, facilitating groundbreaking achievements such as rapid and cost-effective DNA sequencing. The benefits of DNA sequencing extend beyond imagination, including personalized medicine, targeted cancer therapy, and insights into previously enigmatic medical conditions. Moreover, the amalgamation of digital technologies has given rise to Public Health Informatics, a field dedicated to enhancing public health practice, research, and education.  This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of the myriad information technology tools and their application in healthcare, shedding light on the transformative potential that digitization holds for the future of medical care.

Author(s) Details:

Rupesh Rastogi,
Department of Business Administration, Azad Technical Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V8/article/view/12184 

Comparison of Virulence Genes in Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis Isolated from Respiratory Tract Illnesses at the Molecular Level | Chapter 6 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 Patients accompanying pharyngeal infections the one sought situation at Babylon General Teaching Hospital, Al-Hilla Hospital, and the Private Clinic of the Supervisor provided a total of two hundred and four (204) samples for reasoning. Swabs of Moraxella catarrhalis were collected from community aged 5 to 80, accompanying one set secondhand for culture and the additional set secondhand for direct DNA extraction. Ninety-three allotment (199) of the samples grew microorganisms in culture, while just six allotment (14 samples) did not. It was driven that 116/190 (61.10%) of the total isolates are Gram-positive microorganisms and 74/190 (38.90%) are Gram-negative bacteria from the 190 (100%) samples. Laboratory disease by biochemical tests, the Vitek-2 system, and microscopic detection by particular primers found that Staphylococcus aureus formed 38 (20%) of the 116 (100%) Gram-positive microorganisms, while Moraxella catarrhalis was the most governing with a portion of 44 (23.2%) of the 74 (100%) Gram-negative bacteria. Molecular study of S. aureus told that 13 strains, or 34%, possess the fnbA pathogenicity deoxyribonucleic acid. Regarding the M. catarrhalis mcaP gene, 44 exhausted 44 (100%) were positive. The fnbA deoxyribonucleic acid of S. aureus and the mcaP gene of M. catarrhalis, two together of which presented variation, were sequenced by DNA and before recorded in NCBI-deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing as initially characterized in Iraq. The adhesion genes fnbA and mcaP of grandam-positive S. aureus and grandam-negative M. catarrhalis were sequenced and analyzed utilizing DNA sequencing technology. The results revealed that local S. aureus isolates (NO. 111 and NO. 181) were closely had connection with a general S. aureus isolation recorded by NCBI-BLAST (AM749012.1), while local isolates (NO. 37 and NO. 95) were closely related to S. aureus strains from other parts of the realm (LC073768.1 and LC073762.1).

Author(s) Details:

Ilham A. Bunyan,
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq.

Safaa S. Naji,
Department of Sergury, ENT, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq.

Hiader H. Aljodoa,
Ministry of Health, Babel Health Directorate, Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital Laboratory Division, Babylon, Iraq

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V5/article/view/10484

Identification of Molecular Characteristics of Babesia spp. and Anaplasma marginale in Water Buffaloes: A Retrospective Study from Veracruz and Tabasco, Mexico | Chapter 3 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 3

 The main objective of the study was to discover, with PCR assays and ratify by DNA sequencing of amplified aim genes, the presence of Babesia and Anaplasma sp. in samples from polluted water buffaloes in Veracruz and Tabasco, Mexico. Babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis are important tick-carried diseases of oxen worldwide containing Kenya. Babesiosis and theileriosis are caused apiece protozoan freeloaders, Babesia and Theileria respectively while anaplasmosis is generated by rickettsial organism popular as Anaplasma. A cross-sectional study was administered in 2017, using a non-probabilistic inspecting method for availability. The total population of water buffaloes from two result units (PU), situated at the municipality of Sayula de Aleman, state of Veracruz, Mexico, were sampled for this study: Veracruz 1 (n = 61) and Veracruz 2 (n = 63). Similarly, the total people of water buffaloes from two production parts (PU), in the municipality of Villahermosa, Tabasco state, Mexico, was sampled for this study: Tabasco 1 (n = 58) and Tabasco 2 (n = 51), for a dignified total of 233 water buffalo samples. Specific genes encrypting the B. bovis rhoptry-associated protein (RAP-1), the B. bigemina SpeI-AvaI limit fragment, and the Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 5 (MSP5) were exaggerated using reside PCR assays. The identities of the hemoparasites were established by equating the nucleotide sequences obtained in this place study with those possible in the GenBank database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) utilizing DNA sequencing and BLASTn analysis for DNA similarity hemoparasite identification. Water confuse infection accompanying at least individual of the hemoparasites under study was discovered in 45% (105/233) of the blood samples, while a assorted infection accompanying B. bovis and B. bigemina was detected in 6.4% (15/233) of samples. For this cross-localized study, mixed contaminations with the three hemoparasites were not discovered. BLASTn analysis disclosed that the nucleotide sequences of the water buffalo isolates joint sequence similarity values ranging from 88 to 100% accompanying previously written gene sequences of B. bovis, B. bigemina, and A. marginale. The judgments of this study manifest that water buffalo are tick-carried hemoparasite carriers, just like oxen, and that they likely play a important role in the community health of bovine babesiosis in Mexico.

Author(s) Details:

José Juan Lira-Amaya,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Rebeca Montserrat Santamaria-Espinosa,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Roberto O. Castañeda-Arriola,
Sitio Experimental Pichucalco, CIRGOC, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Km. 8, Carretera Pichucalco-Teapa, Pichucalco, 86040, México.

Grecia Martínez-García,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Diego J. Polanco-Martínez,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Carmen Rojas-Martínez,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Jesús Ántonio Álvarez-Martínez,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Julio V. Figueroa-Millán,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Carretera Federal Cuernavaca Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, 62550, México.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V3/article/view/9761

Use of Molecular Methods for DNA Detection of Babesia canis vogeli in Blood Samples and Rhipicephalus sanguineus Ticks Collected in Dogs from Mexico | Chapter 11 | Newest Updates in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 1

 Three various subspecies of Babesia canis have been discovered on a global scale: B. canis canis in Europe, B. canis rossi in Africa, and B. canis vogeli, whose appearance has been habitual in America.  However, B. canis rossi has recently existed reported in the United States, and B. canis vogeli has currently been recognized in South Africa and Europe. The objective of this work search out optimize two forms for the molecular discovery of the B. canis subspecies causing dog babesiosis in Mexico. Canine babesiosis is reported as a worldly-wise tick-carried disease moving domestic dogs, and allure distribution is had connection with vector vicinity being more prevalent in domains with equatorial and subtropical climates.  Blood samples and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, 30 blood samples, and 18 tick samples were taken from dogs accompanying clinical proofs compatible accompanying canine babesiosis and a record of exposure to ticks.  The reasoning of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms in PCR-amplified and endured DNA with limit enzyme TaqI and HinfI (PCR-RFLP) admitted the detection of the matching pattern for the B. canis vogeli subspecies (DNA fragments of 203 bp, 171 bp and 26 bp) in two blood samples and individual of the tick specimens ticks liable to be subjected the PCR-RFLP analysis. Three ancestry samples and three of the ticks that were examined for the B. canis vogeli subspecies were raise to have the 192 bp fragment of interest using a reside PCR assay. Although B. canis's presence in Mexico has former been proved microscopically, this is the first report of the subspecies B. canis vogeli's microscopic detection in the country that has happened verified by DNA sequencing.

Author(s) Details:

Jose J. Lira-Amaya,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carretera Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, 62550, México.

Carmen Rojas-Martínez,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carretera Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, 62550, México.

J. Antonio Álvarez-Martínez,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carretera Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, 62550, México.

Alfredo Pelaez-Flores,
CENAPA–SENASICA–SADER, Carretera Cuernavaca Cuautla No 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, C.P. 62550, México.

Francisco Martínez-Ibañez,
CENAPA–SENASICA–SADER, Carretera Cuernavaca Cuautla No 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, C.P. 62550, México.

Diego Perez-de la Rosa,
CENAPA–SENASICA–SADER, Carretera Cuernavaca Cuautla No 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, C.P. 62550, México.

Julio V. Figueroa-Millán,
CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carretera Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Jiutepec, Morelos, 62550, México.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NUAVS-V1/article/view/8564

A Handbook on Geohelminths | Book Publisher International

 Non-segmented helminthes are nematodes (roundworms). They feature symmetry on both sides, a complete digestive tract with oral and anal openings, and taper at both ends. Because of their cylindrical, non-segmented bodies, they are easily distinguished from other helminthes. Most nematodes are dioecious, with male and female reproductive parts placed in different sexes' body chambers. The problems induced by adult parasites are less than those generated by parasite larvae. Ascaris lumbricoides spreads to vital organs, causing severe symptoms. Anemia is caused by Ancylostoma duodenale sucking up human blood on a regular basis. There are a variety of approaches that are commonly employed in parasite molecular biology. Because of their thick cuticles, helminth DNA and RNA can be recovered via freeze-thawing lysis. Finding the causal agent has traditionally been used to diagnose parasite illnesses, and it is the most effective strategy when dealing with infections in persons. Parasitic infections cause the host to generate a normal immune response against the parasite, however this reaction does not result in the parasite being eliminated. Helminths do not reproduce within the bodies of their vertebrate hosts. Most helminths have life cycles in which larval stages travel around the host's body before adults settle in their final locations.

Author(s) Details

Nicholas J. Kavana
Senior Lecturer in Parasitology and Medical Entomology, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara, Tanzania.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/AHG/article/view/2961