VBiology of Nephus regularis (Sicard) on The Invasive Mealybug, Phenacoccus madeirensis (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) | Chapter 8 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 2

The mealybug Phenacoccus madeirensis (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive exotic pest with an extensive host of more than 130 genera of host plants from 51 families. P. madeirensis is considered one of the most economically significant pests of many fruits, fibre plants, food crops vegetable crops etc. The nymphal and the adult stages cause damage resulting in the withering and yellowing of the leaves. The plant protection products are not very efficient against mealybugs because they have a waxy coating on their bodies and a tendency to hide in cracks. The present study was carried out during the summer season (March-May 2019) in the laboratory of the AGPM Department, Shivaji University, Kolhapur to investigate the biology of N. regularis  on P. madeirensis under the controlled laboratory conditions (27±2ºC Temperature and 65± 5% RH). The observed mean pre-oviposition period of N. regularis  was 3.4 ± 1.07 days, whereas the recorded oviposition period was 32.6 ± 2.59 days. The post oviposition period of 20.4 ± 1.07 days was observed. The average egg-laying of 92.7 ± 8.41 eggs/ female was also noticed. The recorded mean incubation period was 5.2 ± 0.5 and the larval period lasted for about 10-13 days. The mean duration of pre-pupae and pupae was 1.5 ± 0.7 and 6.5 ± 0.8 days, respectively. The average longevity of male and female beetles noticed was 47.1 ± 1.7 and 58.4 ± 2.16 days, respectively.

 

Author (s) Details

 

S. V. Nandudkar
Department of Agrochemicals and Pest Management, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India.

 

M. V. Santhakumar
Department of Zoology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India.

 

S. S. Chavan
Department of Agrochemicals and Pest Management, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India.

 

A. D. Jadhav
BVS, LMK, College of Agriculture Kadegaon, Sangli, MS., India.

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v2/4725

Study of Some Biological Parameters of Phonoctonus lutescens (Guérin Meneville and Percheron), a Predator of Dysdercus voëlkeri (Schmidt, 1932), in Burkina Faso | Chapter 2 | Food Science and Agriculture: Research Highlights Vol. 1

Phonoctonus lutescens, the predatory bug of D. voëlkeri, belongs to the Hemiptera order, Heteroptera suborder, Reduviidae family, Phonoctonus genus and Phonoctonus lutescens species. P. lutescens is an organism that feeds on pests. It is also one of the main predators of the red cotton bug (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

The cotton bug Dysdercus voëlkeri belongs to the order Hemiptera, suborder Heteroptera, family Pyrrhocoridae, genus Dysdercus, species Dysdercus voëlkeri, which is a harmful organism (pests) that damages cotton crops at the end-of-cycle in Burkina Faso. The control of this harmful cotton bug is based on chemical use only. For alternative solutions, a biological control method was investigated by using P. lutescens which is D. voëlkeri natural enemy, in order to develop a biological control method. The essence of this work is to know some biological parameters of P. lutescens before any use in biological control. The biological control of this pest requires knowledge on P. lutescens predator of D. voëlkeri. The study was carried out at Farako bâ experimental station in Bobo Dioulasso on the biological parameters of P. lutescens. Newly emerged P. lutescens individuals in metal cages are transferred in Petri dishes and fed with D. voëlkeri individuals under laboratory conditions. D. voëlkeri is fed on cotton seeds of the FK 37 variety. Rearing was used to study reproductive potential and survival potential (larval survival rate and adult lifespan). The development cycle, including 5 larval stages, lasted 57.23 ± 5.81 days. Larval survival rates ranged from 92% to 97.47%. Adults lived an average of 87.5 ± 27.99b days for males and 107.97 ± 24.21 days for females. The number of eggs laid per female was 366.73 ± 27.43 with an average egg-laying frequency of 38.1 ± 9.21. These results may enable us to better manage this predator by giving possibilities for the development of biological control and agroecological management strategies for this predator.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sow Issa
INERA/Programme Coton, Station de Farako-Ba, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

 

Hema S. A. Omer
INERA/Programme Coton, Station de Farako-Ba, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

 

Sanon Antoine
UFR-SVT, Universite de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Hema Tiemogo
INERA/Programme Coton, Station de Farako-Ba, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/fsarh/v1/4199

Management of Bacterial Wilt disease of Brinjal by P. fluorescens Based Bioformulation: Experimental Investigation | Chapter 9 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 This experiment was completed activity to explore the aptitude of an indigenous strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens as a biography-control agent in the administration of bacterial wilt ailment of brinjal under local conditions. Bacterial sag is a major warning to brinjal production. Different natural materials were judged for their potential as substrate carriers in the expression of P. fluorescens based biopesticide. It was discovered that vermicompost and farmyard fertilizer significantly comprehensive the shelf life of the biocontrol microorganisms. In pot and field experiments, formulations of P. fluorescens established carboxy methyl cellulose and substrate one who carries or transmits something were used in differing ways to test their efficiency in preventing bacterial sag of brinjal. CVPf formulation and children + root + soil method of request performed considerably better than others providing 83.33% control of bacterial fail of brinjal in field experiment conducted by Completely Randomized Block Design. The yield and yield traits of CVPf-treated brinjal plants were further noticeably above those of other expression-treated brinjal crops. The P. fluorescens-located organic expression's capability and opportunity as a PGPR are indicated by allure successful control of the bacterial wilt of brinjal and bettering of yield and yield attributes under local conditions.

Author(s) Details:

Gargi Chakravarty,
Department of Botany, Dakshin Kamrup College, Mirza, Kamrup Assam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V2/article/view/10047

Some Biological Parameters of Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Its Natural Enemy Acerophagus papayae Noyes et Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) | Chapter 1 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 3

The papaya mealybug is a parasitic insect that feeds on papaya. Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara De Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive bug that attacks a variety of host plants, inflicting significant damage to crops, particularly those of considerable economic value. The natural adversary of this mealybug, Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff, is released in the field to control it biologically (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The goal of the study is to determine the developmental time and mortality rate of different stages of P. marginatus, as well as the daily fecundity and pre-, oviposition, and post-oviposition times of a female P. marginatus, as well as the total average number of emerging individuals of the hosts parasitized in 24 hours by a female and the total average development time of A. papayae.

The average daily fecundity of a female P. marginatus and the average number of offspring of a female A. papayae were determined in this study, which was done in the laboratory at 28.2°C, 75.5% RH, and 12:12 LD. The findings revealed that a female P. marginatus has three stages of reproductive activity, namely pre-oviposition, oviposition, and post-oviposition, each lasting 7.74 1.26, 6.13 3.02, and 7.45 4.27 days on average. A female P. marginatus lays an average of 25.262 11.16 eggs every day during oviposition and 224.32 29.99 eggs during the course of her lifespan, which is 18.44 3.31 days. Also, during the pre-imaginal phases of the genesis of P. Margatus showed substantial death rates of 61.40 0.05 and 52.8 0.025 in the first and second larval stages, respectively, however in the third stage, the rate is 35.02 0.03 for the female and nil for the male. The female had a total development time of 25.98 4.47 days while the male had a total development time of 29.70 5.58 days. The progeny of its natural nemesis A. papayae, on the other hand, averaged 8.22 4.676 males and 10.53 4.43 females each day, for a total of 18.75 9.087 offspring per day. A female A. papayae generated an average of 205.96 9.87 progeny in an average development time of 13.82 0.013 days during its lifetime (13.02 0.08 days).

Author(s) Details:

Seth Wolali Nyamador,
Ecology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 1 B. P. 1515, Togo.

Yawavi Eyram Gnomou,
Ecology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 1 B. P. 1515, Togo.

Komina Amevoin,
Ecology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 1 B. P. 1515, Togo.

Obinna Ajuonu,
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, IITA-Benin, 08 BP 0932, Cotonou, Benin.

Georg Goergen,
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, IITA-Benin, 08 BP 0932, Cotonou, Benin.

Isabelle Adolé Glitho,
Ecology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 1 B. P. 1515, Togo.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V3/article/view/7043

A Captured Adult Female Mantis Religiosa (Insecta: Mantodea) Laid Four Oothecas under Laboratory Conditions: An Observational Approach | Chapter 7 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 5

 The Mantodea (Insecta) (Burmeister, 1838) is a well-studied insect due to its numerous outstanding traits. The quantity of oothecas laid by a female Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) has not been documented, to the author's knowledge. A collected female Mantis religiosa was bred in the laboratory of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Forensic Entomology, Ankara, Turkey, during September and October 2019. The goal of this research is to estimate how many oothecas a female Mantis religiosa can lay. This female has given birth to four oothecas while in captivity. These oothecas' offspring can be artificially selected to be reared as biological control agents when they develop.

Author(S) Details

Cem Turaman
Free lance Public Health Consultant, Entomologist, Izmir Caddesi 7/12 Kizilay Cankaya Ankara, Turkey.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V5/article/view/4606

Study on Preparation of Bio-fertilizer with the Help of Microorganism for Insects Free Agriculture | Chapter 11 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 Biological control is an ecological process that occurs naturally. Which can be successfully utilised in pesticide management and can be a balanced, long-term, and cost-effective pest control solution. Microbial control refers to the use of microorganisms as insecticides. This is a new type of biological control in which pesticide-resistant microorganisms are used to manage pests. By using them for pesticide control, which is obtainable by marking professionals and accessible, their number may be enhanced by looking for microbial control of insects and looking after the natural enemies of pests. In essence, we can address this problem in this manner. On the weakening of the life cycle of the hazardous insect, it is important to carefully calculate the timing of the use of microorganisms. Because of their use, their individual age, i.e. life cycle, is shortened; note the pre-production procedure. Microorganisms are naturally within our control; nonetheless, we must employ the microscope in a number of experiments. This study demonstrates the potential for some microbes to help plants that are categorised as vulnerable, endangered, or even critically endangered to improve their conservation status.

Author(S) Details

Harsha Sharma
Motherhood University, Roorkee, India.

Kalpana Sharma
Motherhood University, Roorkee, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V2/article/view/4416