Dahlia Tuber Extract and Bacillus subtilis Encapsulation in the Ration of Broiler Chickens: Combined Effects on Blood Fat Profile and Live Weight | Chapter 4 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 4

 

Background: Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) as a growth promoter has been banned in Indonesia since 2017. This has prompted the search for alternative antibiotics to support poultry products' health, productivity, and safety. This makes probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics potential alternatives to replace AGP.

 

Aim of the Study: This study aims to test the effect of adding encapsulated dahlia tuber extract as a prebiotic and Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic on blood lipid profiles and live weight of broiler chicken.

 

Methodology: The research was conducted from October to December 2023, at the Poultry Cage and the Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia. In this investigation, 200 unsexed Ross strain broilers aged 8 days with an average body weight of 194.53 ± 3.46 g were used. The treatment feed was administered at the age of 8-35 days, containing encapsulated dahlia tuber extract as a prebiotic and Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic (EDTEBs). Dahlia tuber extract and Bacillus subtilis were mixed in a 50:50 ratio. The study used a completely randomised design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, each consisting of 10 broilers. The treatment given was T0: basal ration, T1: basal ration + 0.1% EDTEBs, T2: basal ration + 0.2% EDTEBs, T3: basal ration + 0.3% EDTEBs. The parameters measured were blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and live weight. Data were analysed using the JASP program.

 

Results: The results showed that the addition of dahlia tuber extract encapsulation and Bacillus subtilis encapsulation had a significant effect on cholesterol levels (P < 0.001), triglycerides (P<0.001), HDL (P = 0.002), LDL (P = 0.001), and live weight (P < 0.001) in broilers. The addition of EDTEBs at a concentration of 0.1% yielded optimal results in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels, while also increasing HDL levels and live weight in broilers.

 

Conclusion: The effectiveness of the combination of Dahlia tuber extract and Bacillus subtilis can be reduced in the digestive tract, as the bioactive compounds and probiotic bacteria may be damaged by acidic gastrointestinal conditions. The addition of encapsulated dahlia tuber extract and Bacillus subtilis at a 0.1% level improved the blood lipid profile of broiler chickens by reducing cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels while increasing HDL levels and live weight. The best results were obtained in the 3% addition treatment.

 

Author (s) Details

Mulyono Mulyono
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

 

Istna Mangisah
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

 

Vitus Dwi Yunianto
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

 

Wafiq Afifah Maulidyah
Bachelor Study Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v4/5521

Antagonistic Mechanisms of Bacillus methylotrophicus and Bacillus subtilis: Exploring Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes and Siderophore Production for Foliar Blight Management in Wheat | Chapter 8 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 9

Bipolaris sorokiniana and Alternaria triticina are major cereal pathogens causing spot blotch and leaf blight disease in wheat, with yield losses of up to 85%. These play a central role in wheat foliar blight pathogens of wheat so effective management is essential for sustainable production. Bacillus methylotrophicus (P10) and Bacillus subtilis (UP11) are effective biocontrol agents against foliar blight pathogens Alternaria triticina and Bipolaris sorokiniana.  Dual culture assays showed significant growth inhibition, with P10 and UP11 reducing pathogen growth by 77.56% and 67.83% for A. triticina and 73.97% and 62.16% for B. sorokiniana. These strains produce cell wall-degrading enzymes (chitinase, protease, β-1,3-glucanase) and siderophores, peaking at 96 hours in co-cultures with pathogens. Antibiosis and direct inhibition are the primary mechanisms by which these strains suppress the mycelial growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana and Alternaria triticina, emphasizing their role as sustainable biocontrol agents in managing wheat diseases. Their potential as biological control agents underscores the need for further investigation as bioactive ingredients in biopesticide formulations.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Neha Saini
Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Vindhya Bundela
Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Ajay Veer Singh
Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v9/4076

Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Garcinia latissima Miq. Stem Bark | Chapter 9 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 8

Purpose: This study fixated on the ability to combat microorganisms of the ethyl acetate fraction of Garcinia latissima Miq. extract against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antioxidant and completely clean activity against B. subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus from G. latissima Miq. methanolic extract of stem bark, to explore and inquire explanations from G. latissima Miq. that inhibits the something which incites activity elastase. Successive maceration procedures carried out plant ancestry. Inhibition of elastase enzyme project was carried out by measuring the action of the enzyme N-succ-(Ala)-3- nitroanilide adaptation to p-nitroaniline (substrate) spectrophotometry at 405 nm and using pertaining to pigs pancreatic elastase (PPE) as an enzyme, to find the potential of unaffected skin lightening elements, from G. latissima Miq. and to assess the antibacterial endeavor of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts from the stem bark of G. latissima Miq.Techniques: For the paper plate defined all bacterium, the width of the inhibition district, while the antibacterial test was accomplished by bioautography, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was settled by microdilution. Gradient elution was used for the fractionation, accompanying a silica gel procession as the stationary stage. The degree of opposition-based separation was evenly increased while exploiting a combination of the eluents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and intoxicating and carried out by pillar chromatography. The ability to be in a dispute or fight bacteria, the part of G. latissima Miq. stem bark was tested utilizing bioautography, the restriction zone approach, and littlest inhibitory concentration. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) methods were used to assess antioxidant project—successive process to make softer methods carried out plant origin. Inhibition of elastase enzyme endeavor was carried out by weighing the kinetics of the catalyst N-succ-(Ala)-3- nitroanilide conversion to p-nitroaniline (substrate) spectrophotometry at 405 nm and utilizing porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) as the catalyst. Bark, fruit, and leaves of G. latissima Miq. extracted by following maceration. Tyrosinase inhibitory project assay was measured spectrophotometrically at 490 nm utilizing 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) as substrate and kojic acid as a positive control. G. latissima Miq. was found in Bogor. A multilayer maceration ancestry method is used in this place investigation. The spread and broth something for dunking methods were used to judge antimicrobial activity.According to the verdicts, G. latissima Miq. methanol extract and extract of ethyl acetate are alive as elastase enzyme inhibitors. G. latissima Miq. extract can maintain skin stretchiness.Conclusion: The results of this study tell the most advantageous details and boost the long-term use of G. latissima Miq. bark in common medicinal systems.

Author(s) Details:

Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati,
Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia.

Asya Aulia Nifa,
Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V8/article/view/11656

Microbial Profiling, Bioremediation of Cadmium and Dye Decolourization Competence of Marine Bacterial Isolates | Chapter 11 | New Innovations in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol.7

 The microbial community is one of the many varied groups found in the ocean. Studies have showed that microorganisms isolated from the marine environment are metabolically active and have adapted to life in the water. To battle heavy metal stress and decolorization of diverse textile dyes, marine microorganisms employ a variety of survival strategies, and hence play an essential role in cadmium bioremediation and textile dye degradation. The current research focuses on the isolation and 16S rRNA molecular characterisation of M3, M8 bacterial strains recovered from Visakhapatnam port marine water samples. The potential of M3 and M8 isolates to remove cadmium from the environment and decolorize various textile dyes was also examined. The tube dilution method was employed to isolate bacterial strains from the water sample, and 10 distinct isolates were examined. To identify the species, biochemical tests were performed on the isolates, as well as 16S rRNA molecular sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas resinovorans were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas resinovorans, respectively, after 16srRNA molecular sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The two bacterial strains showed promising dye degradation characteristics as well as removal of cadmium from the growing media when tested with nine different textile dyes with wavelengths ranging from 400 to 600nm. The isolates M3 and M8 are shown to be potential strains for dye decolorization and cadmium bioremediation in the current investigation.

Author(s) Details:

M. Teja,
Department of Biotechnology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

D. Muni Kumar,
Department of Biochemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

P. Bindiya,
Department of Biotechnology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India.

G. Sudhakar,
Department of Human Genetics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-53003, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NICB-V7/article/view/5927