Study on Static Foam Stabilization and its Properties | Chapter 8 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

Surfactant foams find wide-ranging uses in several industrial domains, such as chemical and biological processes and products. To improve the foam's stability, the static foam behaviour has been examined in this chapter. For a variety of surfactants, the characteristics of static foam, including percentage foamability and foaming power, have been studied. It was observed that SLS shows the highest percentage of foamability (77.72%) when compared with CTAB and SLS. Studies have also been conducted on the effects of pH on static foam. The pH range of 9 to 11 causes the foam half-life to drop from 125 minutes to 75 minutes. Effects on the foam behaviour due to the addition of small amounts of volatile components (VOCs) such as ethanol, xylene, toluene, and so forth were also investigated. The role of nanoparticles (NPs) in static foam and liquid drainage from the foam section is discussed in detail. Static foam properties were also investigated for the combined use of various surfactants.

 

Author (s) Details

G. A. Bathe
Department of Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Chemical Technology, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon - 425 001, India.

 

Aasma R. Tadvi
Department of Chemical Engineering, University Institute of Chemical Technology, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon - 425 001, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2552

Effect of Yoga Therapy in Elderlies with Hypertension Through Mobile App | Chapter 7 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness and ease of use of this mobile application in the particular setting of yoga therapy for older individuals with hypertension. Unmanaged hypertension can lead to the development of other health complications, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The research methodology utilizes a quasi-experimental approach and includes experiment groups, control groups, pre-test groups, and post-test groups. The trial was conducted at the Nawamin 9 Hospital in Minburi, with surgeries slated to begin in December 2022 and end in November 2023. The study entailed conducting an extensive interview with a total of 243 patients, which included 10 professionals specialized in mobile application development and 10 experts in yoga. A survey was conducted to gather 400 samples in order to assess the demand for mobile applications. The random sampling method was used to acquire the samples.

Initially, it was noted that the pre-test and post-test evaluation outcomes for the usage of the mobile application showed a decrease in hypertension levels in both the control and experimental groups. The smartphone application features instructional materials on hypertension as well as meditation exercises. This research provides suggestions for managing hypertension during illness, promoting self-care, reducing sodium intake, implementing non-pharmacological strategies to lower hypertension, establishing guidelines for hypertension reduction, and incorporating specific yoga activities for hypertension reduction.

A total of 50 persons with hypertension received highly effective training with the mobile application, which exhibited outstanding quality. Furthermore, it was found that the overall level of contentment was heightened.

 

 

Author (s) Details

 

Supparang Ruangvanich
Multimedia and E-Sport, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.

 

Manop Phoosuwan
Sport Science, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2457

Machine Learning Projection in Performance Evaluation of Cloud Attenuation Prediction Models for Satellite Transmission Quality Improvement |Chapter 6 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

Artificial satellite applications to information transmission remain of great importance now and in the foreseeable future. While machine learning is breaking research achievement records for good, the increase of political influence on scientific potentials needs to be managed cohesively by all for sustainability. The reliability of social and business interactions on communication infrastructure determines the technological advancement of every nation – developed or still underdeveloped. In the disclaimer notices of most financial institutions' transaction forms and mandatory customer business agreements, they declared that they are not liable for communication channel malfunction that may lead to transaction interruption, transmission blackout, and subsequent delay in their services. These prescribe effective hydrometeors attenuation margins determination periodically, from more accurate models – such as machine-trained ones, to guarantee an increase in reliability of signal transmissions for every geographic location globally. Earlier research works established that required increases in transmission frequency for better efficiency are directly proportional to consequent hydrometeor attenuation on the signal, and that satellite communication unavailability in most tropical regions is above the allowed 1% outage percentage, significantly due to cloud attenuation contribution at satellite bands - which have been increasing consistently. The existence of clouds in tropical climates is almost perpetual, making cloud models all the more fundamental in tropical regions – which include Africa and not less than half of the rest of the world. The published new tropical cloud attenuation algorithm and its resulting new tropical cloud attenuation model (NTM) - derived from it, are hereby further analysed with respect to a wider frequency range. In the primary research of this work, data were collected from a spectrum analyzer, weather-link, and radiosonde equipment. The data were used to calculate values of cloud attenuation by each major existing cloud model in the signal propagation range of 12 to 50 GHz. The predicted cloud attenuation values were spectrally processed and analysed, resulting in the observation that the NTM’s predictions generally average the characteristics prediction values of existing models as shown by presented graphical outputs, though its differences in values relative to each of the other models are substantial in most cases, as either an increase or a reduction. Also, the predicted attenuation values by each of the cloud models converge increasingly direction-wise with frequency. The stated periodicity requirement above in these regards needs a machine learning approach to at least increase the periodicity of the result’s integrity and reliability by several tens of years, for every geographic location globally.

 

Author (s) Details

Mustapha O. Adewusi
Department of Physics, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria.

 

Oluwafunmilayo O. Ometan
Department of Physics, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria.

 

Oluwasayo A. Akinwumi
Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

 

Victor T. Omotosho
Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Marvel L. Akinyemi
Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2383

 

Characterizing the Electronic Structure of Chemical Elements through Atomic Graph Representations | Chapter 5 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

Teaching and mastering atomistic concepts has long been a major preoccupation for teachers and learners at the secondary and undergraduate levels. The abstract nature of atomistic concepts is, in fact, the crux of the problem. In an effort to address this concern, a characteristic graph of the atom has been designed to lift the veil and simplify the learning of these concepts. This graph provides a general explanation of the different concepts of atomics. Each concept is interpreted by specific graphics derived from the first. To revolutionize, in a simpler way, the establishment of the electronic structure, special graphs are also designed. This concept, which illustrates order and period, is based on stability and has led to the classification of chemical elements into stacks. The electron distribution of the heaviest atom “118e” led to new methods of illustrating classification, known as “condensed tables”, with or without period and sub-layer order. A new criterion for classifying chemical elements is the distribution of electrons according to the order of the energy level of the sublayers, noted as “OE”. This leads to the so-called “condensed order table”. This condensed table summarizes all types of ordered classification. This distribution of electrons along the x-axis “n” leads analogously to a condensed period table, which also summarizes all periodic classifications. These two very similar but different condensed tables are a new and innovative way of illustrating the classification of chemical elements. In addition, the “Condensed Order Table”, built around a new classification criterion, OE, leads to a new classification, called the “Order Table”. Beyond this result, the present work highlights the existence of a numerical series whose enlightened reading helps explain the concepts of atomistics. These value series make it easier to establish the electronic structure, even by mental calculation, of the 118 elements in a single line. These different value series with periods: 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32, 32, and with order: 2, 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32, 30 have made it possible to achieve this objective.

 

 

Author (s) Details

Ousmane Barry
Department of Chemistry, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.

 

Mamadou Yaya Balde
Department of Chemistry, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea and Environmental Research Institute of Guinea (IREG), DGRS / MESRSI, Conakry, BP: 1615, Guinea.

 

 

 

Souleymane Balde
Department of Chemistry, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.

 

Aboubacar Safie Sylla
Department of Chemistry, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.

 

Mamadou Saliou Diallo
Department of Mathematics, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.

 

Ousmane Wora Diallo
Department of Mathematics, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2110

 

A Real Anthropomorphic Gripper Controlled by a Motion Leap Device | Chapter 4 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

In this paper, the control of an anthropomorphic gripper with five fingers using the Motion Leap sensor is described. First, the Motion Leap device is briefly described, which can capture the movements of the fingers of the human hand and then transmit them in a virtual environment. Then the HandCommander software module and the InterfaceController application are described. The HandCommander module is created to make the connection between the human hand and the GraspIT virtual environment, and the InterfaceController application is needed to send the hand movement data to the virtual environment, further, the communication protocol is tested. For testing, a prototype of an anthropomorphic gripper with five fingers was made, with its own command and control system, which is briefly presented. The main constructive characteristics of the anthropomorphic gripper are described. The system is further tested to verify that the gestures of the human hand can be captured and transmitted to the real grasper via the virtual environment. To exemplify the effectiveness of the designed system, four cases are described, namely: grasping a tennis ball, grasping a screw spanner, grasping a mechanical shaft, and grasping a circular ball bearing. For future research, the possibility of mounting the anthropomorphic gripper on an ABB robot is described. The command of the ABB robot can be done with a Kinect device that can capture the movements of a human arm, and the command of the gripper can be done with the method described in the paper, using the Motion Leap device. A CAD simulation of a manipulation and assembly operation of two parts using this equipment is shown.

 

Author (s) Details

Ionel Staretu
Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania and Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, Bucharest, Romania.

 

Catalin Moldovan
IBM, Romania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2247

 

Evaluating the Composition of the Microorganism Community Found in the Soil Cover on the Dried Seabed of the Aral Sea | Chapter 3 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

The drying up of the Aral Sea and the occurrence of a vast desert in its place has been recognized as the world’s century catastrophe! More than 2 km of the seabed becomes exposed every year. As a result of the Aral Sea shrinkage, the unique freshwater body has given place to a huge bitter-saline lake with an area 3.5 times less, volume 6 times less and water salinity 10 times larger than in 1960, and the saline desert at the interface between three sand deserts with an area of more than 5 million ha, being unstable ecological zone. The exposed ground serves as an example of an arid salt accumulation where a particular kind of coastal solonchak soil was produced. The beginning of life in the dried bed's soil occurs far earlier than the development of outward features. The only way to track this process is to examine the soil's microbial makeup. To ascertain the microbial makeup of soil for horizons of a single typical solonchak profile, research in this area was carried out. The research objective was to determine microorganism species in the soil on the dried seabed and identify changes in the microorganism community along the soil profile and dependence on the duration of the drying process. Additionally, attention was paid to a vegetation effect on the composition of microorganisms. Soil samples were taken along a transect from the sea to the mainland, selected from the different depths of soil profiles taken under or near plants (Saxaul). Then quantitative and qualitative assessment of microorganisms was made by a molecular method against fatty acids (FA), aldehydes, and hydroxy fatty acids, and microorganisms were reconstructed against these markers to genus and even species in some cases. The method of Gas chromatography mass-spectrometry was used. Bacteria of the community of microorganisms in different parts of the soil cover on the dried seabed of the Aral Sea and on the mainland belong to five bacterial phyla: Proteobacteria Actinobacteria Firmicutes Bacteroidetes and Deinococcus-Thermus. In general, 59 bacterial species of 43 genera were reconstructed. The total population varied from 105 cells/g to 108 cells/g of the soil. The association Aeromonas hydrophila-Arthrobacter sp. played a key role in the first stages of the soil formation process on the dried seabed of the Aral Sea. This association is followed by salt-resistant Agrobacterium sp. and humus-accumulating Propionibacterium freudenreichii, the activity of which is also very important for the formation of the soil cover. The research showed that unique processes that are of great scientific interest take place on the dried bed of the Aral Sea. The studying properties of the dried seabed cover of both salt composition and microbiological composition made it possible to trace the formation of primary soil on marine sediments with the subsequent formation of desert-type soil. The research on soil cover development will help to understand the kernel of the desertification process as a whole from a microbiological standpoint.

 

Author (s) Details

Galina Stulina
International Fund for the Aral Sea Saving, Interstate Coordination Water Commission, Scientific-Information Center (SIC ICWC), Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

 

Nadejda Verkhovtseva
Lomonosov Moscow State University (MGU), Moscow, Russia.

 

Maria Gorbacheva
Lomonosov Moscow State University (MGU), Moscow, Russia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2066

Physiological and Psychological Mechanisms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder | Chapter 2 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 5

 

Background: Physiological mechanisms are the material basis of ADHD and the basis for ADHD drug treatment, and the psychological mechanism is the process of psychological changes that lead to ADHD. Physiological mechanisms interact with physiological mechanisms to jointly determine the development and outcome of ADHD. At present, the physiological and psychological mechanisms of ADHD have attracted increasing attention from the academic community, but there is still no consensus on many issues.

Objective: This article aims to provide a basis for the scientific development and implementation of comprehensive intervention measures for ADHD by reviewing the research progress on the physiological and psychological mechanisms of ADHD.

Methods: A literature search method was used to organize 46 influential articles, analyze the main physiological and psychological mechanisms of ADHD, explain their principles, functions, and research evidence, and point out the shortcomings of previous research based on this.

Results: The onset of ADHD involves various levels and aspects of physiological mechanisms such as changes in genes, blood components, brain structure, and damage to neural function development, as well as the core components of psychological mechanisms - the response inhibition deficiency.

Conclusion: Research on the physiological and psychological mechanisms of ADHD is becoming increasingly in-depth, but the application of research methods and techniques needs improvement.

 

Author (s) Details

Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v5/2192